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REGULATIONS 


FOR THE 

GOVERNMENT 


OF THE 


National Guard of Georgia 




PRINTED BY 
FOOTE 6t DAVIES CO, 
ATI ANTA 


D. Or Di 

IAN 37 '909 



STATE OF GEORGIA 

ADJUTANT GENERAL’S OFFICE 


Atlanta, November 17, 1908. 

For the purpose of carrying into effect the mili¬ 
tary laws of this State, and of the United States, in 
so far as they may apply to the militia of this State, 
and providing for the organization, discipline, and 
government of the militia of this State in all par¬ 
ticulars, the following Regulations for the National 
Guard of Georgia are published for the government 
of all concerned—and will be strictly observed. 

These Regulations are issued pursuant to Section 
97, Military Code of Georgia, as amended (see Ap¬ 
pendix A, par. 8), and have the effect of law. All 
previous Regulations for State troops, and all orders 
or parts of orders in conflict herewith, are hereby 
repealed. 

By Order of the Governor. 

A. J. SCOTT, 
Adjutant General. 



Preface 


In compiling and formulating these Rules and 
Regulations, recourse- has been had to the United 
States Army Regulations, edition of 1908, to such 
National Guard Regulations of other States as were 
available, and to all existing orders of the United 
States and of the State of Georgia bearing upon mat¬ 
ters deemed necessary for publication as Regulations. 
Due effort has been made to have all requirements 
up to date,_and the best practicable consistent with 
the provisions of the Military Code of the State. 

Of especial value in the preparation of this work 
has been the use of the Regulations for the Iowa 
National Guard, from which many paragraphs have 
been taken with only such changes as were necessary 
to conform to differing conditions, and in apprecia¬ 
tion of which thanks are cordially offered. 



Contents 


• Paragraph 

ARTICLE I. ORGANIZATION. Organized Militia. 1- 4 

Naval Militia . 5 

Brigade of Infantry. 6 

Regiment of Infantry. 7- 9 

Regiment of Cavalry. 10- 12 

Coast Artillery Corps. 13- 14 

Field Artillery, Battery. -15 

Signal Corps . 16- 17 

Medical Department . 18 

By-Laws, etc. ..;. 19- 20 

ARTICLE II. RANK AND PRECEDENCE. 21-27 

ARTICLE III. COMMAND . 28-41 

V 

ARTICLE IV. OFFICERS, COMMISSIONED. In 

General ... . 42- 44 

General and Staff . 45- 48 

Regimental, Battalion, and Staff . 49- 52 

Election of . 53- 69 

Examination of . 70- 87 

Time for Examination . 88 

Examining Boards . 89-100 

Scope of Examination .. .'. 101 

Discharge of . 102-107 

Resignation of .108-112 

Retiring Boards for . 113-115 

Retirement of .116-122 

Deceased .123-124 

Absences of .125-136 

Personal Reports of.137-138 

ARTICLE V. ENLISTED MEN. Enlistment.139-157 

Records and Reports of.. .158-159 































Viii CONTENTS, 


Transfers of . 160 

Discharge of . :.161-171 

Discharge Certificates .172-177 

Death of . 178-180 

Retirement of .181-185 

Non-Commissioned Officers .186-199 

ARTICLE VI. MILITARY DISCIPLINE. In Gen¬ 
eral .200-209 

Discussions and Publications .210-212 

Military Courtesies .213-244 

Subordination to Civil Authority .*..245-248 

ARTICLE VII. COURTS-MARTIAL. In General_249-264 

Arrest and Confinement .265-269 

Preferring of Charges .270-271 

Record of Proceedings .272-273 

Disposition of Fines, etc..274-277 

ARTICLE VIII. INTERIOR ECONOMY. Adminis¬ 
tration ;.278-282 

Regimental Adjutant .283-292 

Regimental Quartermaster .293-298 

Regimental Commissary . 299-303 

Regimental Inspector S. A. P.304-306 

Battalion Adjutants . 307 

Battalion Quartermaster-Commissary .308-309 

Medical Officers ..-.310-322 

Chaplains ...: 323-329 

Regimental Sergeant Major......330-332 

Battalion Sergeant Major . 333 

Regimental Quartermaster Sergeant . 334 

Regimental Commissary Sergeant . 335 

First Class Sergeant, Hospital Corps. 336 

Drum Major . 337 

Chief Musician . 338 

Principal Musician . 339 

Color Sergeants . 340 



































CONTENTS. ix 


Company Commanders .341-364 

Lieutenants .365-371 

Non-Commissioned Officers .372-373 

First Sergeants .374-378 

Company Quartermaster Sergeants.370-380 

Sergeants . 381 

Corporals . 382 

Cooks .7.383-384 

Bands and Field Music.385-386 

Armories .387-388 

ARTICLE IX. RECORDS. General Instructions.... 389-307 

To be Kept .308-404 

Making and Keeping.405-411 

Files of Orders, etc.412-415 

Individual Record Sheets.416-427 

Record of Enlistments....428-433 

First Sergeant’s Book. 434 

ARTICLE X. ORDERS.435-445 

ARTICLE XI. MILITARY CORRESPONDENCE... 446-462 

Reports and Returns..463-464 

Reports and Returns, S. A. P.465-466 

Reports and Returns, Quarterly.467-460 

Reports and Returns, Miscellaneous.470-473 

Property Returns . 474.475 

ARTICLE XII. PAY OF OFFICERS AND EN¬ 
LISTED MEN ..476-484 

Duty at Joint Encampments.485-487 

Pay Rolls .488-401 

Article xiii. uniform . 492-505 

ARTICLE XIV. PROPERTY ACCOUNTABILITY. 

In General .506-517 

Responsibility ..518-530 

Officers under Bond .531-535 

Surveys of Military Property.536-543 

Affidavits . 544-547 


































X 


CONTEXTS. 


Expendable Property . 548 

Requisitions for Property.549-551 

Transferring Property . 552 

Payment for Property .. ... 553 

Use of Property . 554-557 

Care of Public Property.558-563 

Care of Field Ranges, etc.564-566 

Cleaning, etc., of Arms, etc... 567-574 

Reserve Ammunition . 575 

Marking Public Property.576-579 

ARTICLE XV. MONEY ACCOUNTABILITY. In 

general .'.. 580-581 

Funds of Organizations.582-591 

ARTICLE XVI. SMALL ARMS PRACTICE. Out¬ 
door Practice .592-619 

Special Course “C”. 592 

Those Required to Fire. 593 

Exemptions . 594 

Ammunition .595-598 

Special Regulations .599-605 

Supplies Furnished . 609 

Re P° r ts .607-611 

Scores for F. S. & N. C. Staff. 612 

Regimental Consolidated Report. 613 

State Report . 614 

Duties of Assistant Inspectors.615-619 

Pistol Practice .620-624 

Indoor Practice .625-631 

ARTICLE XVII. FIELD SERVICE. In General. . . 632-633 
Marching .634-649 

Cam P in £ .650-653 

Sanitation of Camps.654-660 

Administration of State Camps.661-669 

Reports . 670 


































REGULATIONS FOR THE 

NATIONAL GUARD of GEORGIA 


ARTICLE I. 

ORGANIZATION. 

1. The Organized Militia of the State of Georgia 
is as prescribed by the Military Code o*f Georgia 
(1905), as amended by an Act of the General Assem¬ 
bly of the State of Georgia (Appendix A hereto), 
and consists of the following sub-divisions: 

. The Governor’s Staff. 

The National Guard (proper). 

The Naval Militia. 

The Retired List. 

2. The Military Staff of the Governor consists 
of: 

One Adjutant General, with the rank of 
Brigadier General, who shall be Chief of 
Staff and act as Paymaster General. 

One Quartermaster General, with the rank 
of Brigadier General, who shall also act 
as Commissary General and Chief of Ord¬ 
nance. 

One Aide-de-Camp, with the rank of Colonel, 
who shall be Chief of the Aides. 



2 


ORGANIZATION. 


Twenty-nine Aides-de-Camp, with the rank 
of Lieutenant Colonel. 

To which shall be attached (see par. 4) one 
Inspector. General, who shall be the United 
States Army officer on duty with the Or¬ 
ganized Militia of the State, regardless of 
his rank. 

3. The National Guard consists of such persons 
cs may be commissioned or enlisted therein, and 
such general officers as the strength thereof may war¬ 
rant; an Adjutant General’s Department, an Inspec¬ 
tor General’s Department, a Judge Advocate General’s 
Department, a Quartermaster’s Department, a Sub¬ 
sistence Department, a Medical Department, a Hos¬ 
pital Corps, a Pay Department, a Corps of Engineers, 
an Ordnance Department, and a Signal Corps. 

4. The Governor has power to prescribe by order 
the number and grade of officers in all staff depart¬ 
ments and to assign to them such duties as he may 
direct; but, in all organizations of the line and staff, 
the various grades must conform to those of the 
Regular Army of the United States. 

5. Under Section 96 of the Military Code, the 
Naval Militia Battalion will be treated as a separate 
battalion of the National Guard, and will conform, 
as far as practicable, to all regulations therefor, and 
the Medical Officer will be under the supervision of 
the Surgeon General in all matters pertaining to 
Medical Affairs. 



organization. 


3 


6. The Brigade of Infantry shall consist of: 

Two or three regiments of infantry, to which may 
be attached battalions and separate companies. 

The staff of a brigade shall consist of officers de¬ 
tailed from the several staff corps and departments, 
as follows: 

One Adjutant General, major, Adjutant Gen¬ 
eral’s Department. 

One Quartermaster, major, Quartermaster’s 
Department. 

One Commissary, major, Subsistence Depart¬ 
ment. 

One Surgeon, major, Medical Department. 

One Inspector of Small Arms Practice, with 
the rank of Major. 

Two Aides, lieutenants, from the line. 

In addition to the above enumerated staff officers, 
the following officers will be designated for duty with 
the Brigade when necessity therefor may exist: 

One Judge Advocate, with the rank of major, 
Judge Advocate General’s Department. 

One Engineer Officer, with the rank of major, 
Corps of Engineers. 

One Ordnance Officer, with the rank of major, 
Ordnance Department. 

One Signal Officer, with the rank of major, 
Signal Corps. 

One Paymaster, with the rank of major, Pay 
Department. 



4 


ORGANIZATION. 


7. 


A Regiment of Infantry shall consist of: 

One Colonel. 

One Lieutenant Colonel. 

One Adjutant (Captain). 

One Quartermaster (Captain). 

One Commissary (Captain). 

One Inspector of Small Arms Practice (Cap¬ 
tain). 


One Chaplain (Captain or First Lieutenant). 
One Sergeant Major. 

One Quartermaster Sergeant. 

One Commissary Sergeant. 

Two Color Sergeants. 

One Chief Musician. 

One Principal Musician. 

One Drum Major. 

Band 


twenty-eight men. 


Four Sergeants. 

Eight Corporals. 

One Cook. 

Twelve Privates. 

Three Battalions. 

Total commissioned. 52 

Total enlisted.732 


8. A Battalion of Infantry shall consist of: 

One Major. 

One Adjutant (First Lieutenant). 

One Quartermaster and Commissary (Second 
Lieutenant). 








ORGANIZATION. 


O 


One Sergeant Major. 

Four Companies. 

Two hundred and thirty-three total enlisted. 
If unassigned, a Battalion also has one As¬ 
sistant Inspector of Small Arms Practice, 
with the rank of First Lieutenant. 

9. A Company of Infantry shall consist of: 

One Captain. 

One First Lieutenant. 

One Second Lieutenant. 

One First Sergeant. 

One Quartermaster Sergeant. 

Four Sergeants. 

Six Corporals. 

Two Cooks. 

Two Musicians. 

Forty-Two Privates. 

Fifty-eight total enlisted men. 

10. A Regiment of Cavalry shall consist of: 

One Colonel. 

One Lieutenant Colonel. 

One Adjutant (Captain). 

One Quartermaster (Captain). 

One Commissary (Captain). 

One Assistant Inspector of Small Arms Prac¬ 
tice (Captain). 

One Chaplain (Captain or First Lieutenant). 
One Sergeant Major. 

One Quartermaster Sergeant. 



6 


Organization. 


One Commissary Sergeant. 

Two Color Sergeants. 

One Chief Musician. ■ > 

One Chief Trumpeter. 

One Principal Musician. 

One Drum Major. Band 

Four Sergeants. f twenty-eight men. 


Eight Corporals. 

One Cook. 

Eleven Privates. 

Three Squadrons. 

Total commissioned. 52 

Total enlisted.732 


11. A Squadron of Cavalry shall consist of: 

One Major. 

One Adjutant (First Lieutenant). 

One Quartermaster and Commissary (Second 
Lieutenant).- - - 
One Sergeant Major. 

Four Troops. 

Two hundred and thirty-three total enlisted. 
If unassigned, a Squadron also has one As¬ 
sistant Inspector of Small Arms Practice, 
with rank of First Lieutenant. 

12. A Troop of Cavalry shall consist of: 

One Captain. 

One First Lieutenant. 

One Second Lieutenant. 

One First Sergeant. 






ORGANIZATION. 


One Quartermaster Sergeant. 

Four Sergeants. 

Six Corporals. 

Two Cooks. 

Two Farriers and Blacksmiths. 

One Saddler. 

Two Trumpeters. 

Thirty-nine Privates. 

Fifty-eight total enlisted. 

13. The Coast Artillery Corps shall consist of: 

One Major commanding, who shall act as 
Chief of Artillery. 

One Adjutant (Captain). 

One Chaplain (Captain or First Lieutenant). 
One Artillery Engineer (First Lieutenant). 
One Ordnance Officer (First Lieutenant). 
One Sergeant Major (senior grade). 

One Master Electrician. 

Two Electrician Sergeants (first class). 

Two Electricians (second class). 

Four Engineers. 

Four Firemen. 

One Master Gunner. 

Four Companies. 

Two hundred and sixty-seven total enlisted. 

14. A Company of Coast Artillery shall consist of: 

One Captain. 

One First Lieutenant. 

One Second Lieutenant. 




ORGANIZATION. 


One First Sergeant. 

One Quartermaster Sergeant. 

Four Sergeants. 

Six Corporals. 

Two Cooks. 

Two Mechanics. 

Two Musicians. 

Forty-five Privates. 

Sixty-three total enlisted. 

15. A Battery of Field Artillery shall consist of: 

One Captain. 

Two First Lieutenants. 

Two Second Lieutenants. 

One First Sergeant. 

One Quartermaster Sergeant. 

One Stable Sergeant. 

Six Sergeants. 

Twelve Corporals. 

<Three Cooks. 

One Chief Mechanic. 

Four Mechanics. 

Two Musicians. 

One hundred and two Privates. 

One hundred and thirty-three total enlisted. 

16. The Signal Corps shall consist of one Chief 
Signal Officer, with the rank of Major, and such 
Signal Corps Companies as may be authorized. 

17. A Signal Corps Company shall consist of: 

Qne Captain, 



ORGANIZATION. 


9 


One First Lieutenant. 

One Second Lieutenant. 

Five First Class Sergeants. 

Ten Sergeants. 

Ten Corporals. 

Twenty First Class Privates. 

Thirteen Privates. 

Fifty-eight total enlisted. 

18. The Medical Department shall consist of: 

Five Surgeons, with rank of major: one for 
duty with the Brigade, who shall, unless 
otherwise ordered, act as Surgeon General; 
three for duty with the regiments; one for 
special service. 

Five Assistant Surgeons, with rank of cap¬ 
tain. 

Thirteen Assistant Surgeons, with rank of 
first lieutenant, for duty with regiments, 
battalions, squadrons, field batteries and 
Coast Artillery Corps, and 

The Hospital Corps, which shall consist of: 

Three Sergeants, first class. 

Fourteen Sergeants. 

Thirty Privates, first class. 

Eighteen Privates. 

Medical officers and the Hospital Corps will be de¬ 
tailed for duty as follows: 

For Brigade Headquarters; 

One Major. 



10 


OKG \NIZATION. 


One Sergeant. 

One Private, first class. 

One Private. 

For a battalion of Infantry or Squadron of Cav¬ 
alry, acting independently, and Coast Artillery 
Corps: 

One Captain or Lieutenant. 

One Sergeant. 

Two Privates, first class. 

One Private. 

For a Regiment of Infantry or Cavalry: 

One Major. 

One Captain. | For duty with 

Two First Lieutenants, j Battalions. 

One Sergeant, first class. 

Two Sergeants. 

Six Privates, first class. 

Three Privates. 

For a battery of Field Artillery: 

One First Lieutenant. 

One Sergeant. 

One Private, first class, orderly. 

19. No organization of the Military Forces of the 
State will leave its home station without permission, 
to be granted only by the Governor. 



BY-LAWS. 


20. Before any By-Laws become effective in any 
organization, they must be submitted to the regi¬ 
mental (or unassigned battalion) commander in du¬ 
plicate, for examination, and he will endorse thereon 
his action; if approved, he will return one copy to 
the company commander, and forward the other to 
the Adjutant General, for the information of the lat¬ 
ter; if disapproved, he will return both copies to the 
company commander for further action. If the By- 
Laws are not amended to conform to his views, he 
will, upon their return to him, forward the papers to 
the Adjutant General for decision and action, which 
shall be final. By-Laws are subordinate to all laws, 
orders, and regulations, and must not, in any case, 
interfere with or be contrary to such laws, orders or 
regulations. 

ARTICLE II. 

RANK AND PRECEDENCE. 

N»te.—F or precedence of troops , see Par. 6, A. R. 
1908, and f*ar. 437, U. S. Infantry Drill Reg. 1904. 


21. Military rank is that character and quality be¬ 
stowed on military persons which marks their sta¬ 
tion, and confers eligibility to exercise command or 




12 


RANK AND PRECEDENCE. 


authority in the military service within the limits 
prescribed by law. It is divided into degrees or 
grades, which mark the relative positions and powers 
of the different classes of persons possessing it. 

22 . Rank is generally held by virtue of office in a 
regiment, corps, or department, but may be conferred 
independently of office, as in the case of retired 
officers. 

23. The following are the grades of military rank 
in the land forces of this State: 


1. Governor, Commander-in-Chief. 

2 . Adjutant General (as such). 

3. Quartermaster General, Brigadier General. 

4. Colonel. 

5. Lieutenant Colonel. 

6 . Major. 

7. Captain. 

8 . First Lieutenant. 

9. Second Lieutenant. 

10. Sergeant Major (regimental). 

11. Quartermaster Sergeant (regimental), Com¬ 

missary Sergeant (regimental). First Class 
Sergeant (Hospital Corps), Chief Musi¬ 
cian, Principal Musician, Chief Trumpeter, 
Color Sergeant (regimental). 

12. First Sergeant. 

13. Sergeant Major (battalion), Quartermaster 

Sergeant (battalion), Commissary Ser- 




RANK AND PRECEDENCE. 


13 


geant (battalion), Color Sergeant (bat¬ 
talion). 

14. Sergeant, Quartermaster Sergeant (com¬ 

pany). 

15. Corporal. 

In each grade, rank and precedence are determined 
by date of commission, appointment, or warrant. 

When in the service of the United States, officers 
of the National Guard (Organized Militia) take rank 
next after all officers of like grade in the Regular or 
Volunteer forces. 

24. The relative rank between officers, warrant and 
petty officers and non-commissioned officers of the 
Naval Militia and National Guard of this State, is 
as follows, lineal rank only being considered: 

Lieutenant Commander with Major. 

Lieutenant with Captain. 

Lieutenant, junior grade, with First Lieutenant. 

Ensign with Second Lieutenant. 

Master-at-Arms with Sergeant Major (regimen¬ 
tal). 

Boatswain’s Mate (battalion) with Quartermas¬ 
ter Sergeant (regimental). 

Yeoman (battalion) with Commissary Sergeant 
(regimental). 

Hospital Steward with First Class Sergeant, Hos¬ 
pital Corps. 

Senior Boatswain’s Mate (company) with First 
Sergeant. 



14 


RANK AND PRECEDENCE. 


Boatswain’s Mate, Gunner’s Mate and Quarter¬ 
master (each, company) with Sergeant. 

Coxswain with Corporal. 

25. In the Naval Militia of this State, all non¬ 
commissioned officers of the battalion staff and of 
companies, except coxswains, will be classed as war¬ 
rant officers. Coxswains will be classed as petty 
officers. 

26. An officer on the active list of the National 
Guard takes rank from the date of election (or ap¬ 
pointment), unless at the time of such election or 
appointment the officer be in active commission in 
the same grade, in which case he ranks from the date 
of original rank in such grade, chaplains and medical 
officers excepted. (Sec. 36, Military Code.) 

27. Between officers of the same grade and date 
of commission, relative rank is determined: First, 
by rank in service when elected or appointed; second, 
by former rank in military or naval service of the 
State; third, by lot. 

Relative rank of all officers on the active list of 
the National Guard as published in the Annual Re¬ 
port of the Adjutant General will determine prece¬ 
dence of such officers except in cases in which an 
appeal is made and correction follows. 



COMMAND. 


15 


ARTICLE III. 

COMMAND. 

28. Command is exercised by virtue of office, or by 
special assignment of officers who are eligible by law 
to exercise command. Without orders, however, from 
competent authority, an officer can not put himself 
on duty by virtue of his commission alone, except as 
contemplated in the 24th and 122nd Articles of War. 
Upon being commissioned and taking the oath of 
office, each officer will be assigned to duty by orders 
from the Adjutant General’s office. 

29. The following are the commands appropriate 
to each grade: 

1. For a captain, a company. 

2. For a major, a battalion. 

3. For a colonel, a regiment. 

4. ' For a brigadier general, a brigade. 

5. For a major general, a division. 

30. The designation “company,” as used in these 
regulations, applies to troops of cavalry, batteries of 
field artillery, and to companies and bands of all 
arms and corps. The designation “battalion” applies 
in like manner to squadrons of cavalry. 

31. A band stationed at headquarters of the regi¬ 
ment will be under personal command of the regi¬ 
mental adjutant; if stationed elsewhere, it will be 
under command of some field or staff officer of the 
regiment residing at that station. If necessary, a 




16 


COMMAND. 


battalion adjutant or quartermaster and commissary 
may be appointed with this end in view. The com¬ 
manding officer of the band will be responsible (on 
memorandum receipt) for all property in use by 
the band, but the accountability will remain with the 
regimental quartermaster. 

32. When on duty, an officer should appear in the 
proper uniform of his rank and corps. He will be 
held individually responsible for failure to properly 
uniform himself. The absence of the uniform, how¬ 
ever, does not affect his right to command by virtue 
of his commission and assignment. 

33. The functions assigned to an officer by title 
of office devolve upon the officer acting in his place, 
except when otherwise specified. 

34. An officer who succeeds to any command or 
duty stands, in regard to his duties, in the same 
situation as his predecessor, but shall not, except 
in urgent cases, alter or annul the standing orders 
of the permanent commander. The officer relieved 
shall, if time permit, turn over to his successor all 
orders in force at the time, and all the public prop¬ 
erty and funds pertaining to his command or duty, 
and shall receive therefor duplicate receipts showing 
the condition of each article. 

35. To avoid misunderstanding on the subject, 
officers are informed that a commanding officer is 
the senior line officer present on duty with the com¬ 
mand, regimental, battalion, or company. 



COMMAND. 


17 


In case, for example, a captain is absent or unable 
to exercise command of his company, the command 
is temporarily transferred to the next in rank on 
duty with it. 

The latter, as company commander, is responsible 
that all returns and reports are rendered promptly 
and at the proper time. 

These rules are general. They are not restricted 
to occasions of camp duty, but must prevail at all 
times; they have special significance among officers 
at their home stations. 

36. An officer vested with, or temporarily in, com¬ 
mand is responsible for the efficiency of the troops 
under his orders, and for the good condition of 
everything entrusted to his charge; it is his duty to 
see that the laws and regulations are strictly en¬ 
forced; that the necessary arms, equipments and 
ammunition are procured and kept in proper shape; 
that his command is properly instructed and exer¬ 
cised; that the required drills and parades are or¬ 
dered and held. He will hold himself and his com¬ 
mand ready at all times for active service upon the 
shortest notice. 

37. The commanding officer should be familiar 
with all that concerns his command. It is his duty 
to cause his subordinates to perform theirs, and to 
direct them in harmony with each other. 

38. Commanding officers may, within the limits 
of their command, assign officers to temporary duty 



18 


OFFICERS. 


with organizations, or in departments, other than 
their own. 

39. The attention of all officers is directed to the 
23rd and 24th Articles of War, and to their duties 
and responsibilities thereunder. Each officer will be 
held strictly responsible for a proper performance of 
his duties in connection with troops of other organi¬ 
zations, as well as with those of his own. 

40. The obligation to a strict and conscientious 
performance of the duties intrusted to a commanding 
officer is equally binding on every officer. 

41. Officers of the general staff departments shall 
not assume the command of . troops, unless placed in 
such command by authority of the Governor; but all 
departmental staff officers exexcise at all times com¬ 
mand in their respective departments, and, by virtue 
of their commissions, they have the same authority 
over enlisted men possessed by line officers. The 
same general principles apply with regimental and 
battalion staff officers. Chaplains, although holding 
the grade of captain, have no command. 

ARTICLE IV. 

OFFICERS. 

In General. 

42. All officers of the National Guard are appointed 
and commissioned by the Governor, and to the par¬ 
ticular office each is to hold. 



OFFICERS. 


19 


43. No man is eligible for a commission unless he 
is a citizen of the United States, is of the age of 18 
years or upward, and has never been discharged from 
the military or naval service of this or any other 
State or country, unless such disability has been re¬ 
moved to the satisfaction of the Governor. 

44. Oaths of office of officers may be taken before 
any commissioned officer of the National Guard. 

General and Staff Officers. 

45. Appointments to the grades of Adjutant Gene¬ 
ral and Quartermaster General are made, by selec¬ 
tion by the Governor, from the officers of the Na¬ 
tional Guard. 

46. Appointment to the grade of general officer of 
the line is made upon the recommendation of the 
field officers on the active list of the line, and is for 
the period of five years only. 

47. Aides-de-Camp of the Governor are selected, 
appointed and commissioned by the Governor, as pro¬ 
vided in Sec. 9 of the Military Code, as amended in 
G. O. 11, 1907, A. G. O., Ga. 

48. Officers of all staff departments (Adjutant 
General’s, Inspector General’s, Judge Advocate Gene¬ 
ral’s, Quartermaster’s, Subsistence, Ordnance, Pay, 
Medical (except as to regiments, etc.). Corps of En¬ 
gineers, and Signal Corps), are appointed and commis¬ 
sioned upon the recommendation of a Board, c^m- 



20 


OFFICERS. 


posed of the Adjutant General, the Quartermaster 
General, and the Inspector General. Experience and 
length of service, as well as fitness and ability, shall 
be duly considered in such selection and recommen¬ 
dation. 

Regimental and Battalion Officers, and Staff 
Officers. 

49. All regimental and battalion officers are ap¬ 
pointed and commissioned pursuant to election; com¬ 
pany officers are elected by the officers and men of 
the company concerned; field officers, by the field and 
company officers of the regiment or unassigned bat¬ 
talion. 

50. Staff officers of regiments or unassigned bat¬ 
talions (including Medical Officers and Chaplains) are 
appointed and commissioned upon the recommenda¬ 
tion of the respective commanders. 

51. Regimental and unassigned battalion comman¬ 
ders, in making nominations of commissioned staff 
and medical officers, will furnish the Adjutant Gene¬ 
ral with the full names, dates and places of birth, 
and residences of the persons so nominated. 

52. Staff officers of the battalions of a regiment 
are appointed and commissioned upon the recommen¬ 
dation of the respective battalion commanders, ap¬ 
proved by the regimental commander 



OFFICERS. 


21 


Election of Officers. 

53. When an election is ordered by the Governor 
to fill a vacancy as general officer of the line, a copy 
of the order for the election will be furnished to each 
field officer on the active list of the line, together 
with the necessary blank forms for ballots; the order 
will designate the conditions of the election, and 
the time within which the ballots must be received; 
it may also designate the candidates by name, though 
the voting need not be restricted to the persons so 
named. 

54/> Written ballots for use of all commissioned 
officers in voting for the election of officers, shall be 
in the following form: 

(Place)... 

(Time).M. (Date)... 

The following is my vote for the officer to fill va¬ 
cancy as.in .... 

at.*. 

(Full name of person voted for). 


of. 


Respectfully submitted: 


(Signature) 

(Rank) 














22 


OFFICERS. 


Addressed to: 

Election Managers, 
of. 

at.:. 

care of Adjutant,.of... 

N. B.—In all cases be careful to fill in hour as well 
as date of signing. 

55. An election for a commander of a regiment 
or an unassigned battalion, or for officers of unas¬ 
signed companies, will be ordered by the Governor; 
for other officers of a regiment or unassigned bat¬ 
talion, by the commander thereof. 

56. Until a vacancy in an office actually exists and 
is announced, no election will be ordered for the pur¬ 
pose of filling it. 

57. The officer ordering an election will furnish 
the proper commander of the station at which such 
election is to be held with duplicate blank “Returns 
of Election” (Form 3, 2/22/06, A. G. O.); one copy 
will be forwarded direct to the Adjutant General im¬ 
mediately after the election has been completed; 
whether used or not, the other copy (which is merely 
to be used in case of defacement of the original) will 
be returned to the officer ordering the election, who 
will destroy or preserve it according as it is defaced 
or not. 

58. Upon receipt of the order for an election, the 
commanding officer at the station at which the elec- 







OFFICERS. 


23 


tion is to be held will at once designate and notify 
the Election Managers, notify all those persons en¬ 
titled to vote thereat, and take all such other steps 
as may be necessary to give prompt and full effect 
to said order. 

59. The regimental officer ordering an election to 
fill a vacancy as field officer will direct such election 
to be held at his headquarters only; he will cause 
each officer entitled to vote to be furnished with 
blank ballots (Par. 54) to be filled out by them in¬ 
dividually and submitted in person to the Election 
Managers, or mailed (in envelopes directed as shown 
on said Form) so as to reach the headquarters in 
ample time for the election. 

These envelopes will not be opened by the Adju¬ 
tant, but will be handed by him to the Election 
Managers, still sealed. 

60. Blank ballots will be furnished in duplicate 
to each officer entitled to vote in order to enable him, 
should he so desire, to change a vote already sub¬ 
mitted. And each officer shall have the right to 
change his vote by submitting another ballot prop¬ 
erly filled out and signed by him up to the time of 
the closing of the election. But no ballots shall be 
received or entertained by the Election Managers 
after they have announced the election closed. 

61. If more than one ballot is submitted by the 
same officer, the Election Managers shall count only 



24 


OFFICERS. 


the last one (as shown by the date and hour noted 
thereon), and shall mark all others “Cancelled.” 

62. All ballots submitted by commissioned officers, 
whether counted or marked “Cancelled,” shall be 
enclosed and forwarded with the “Returns of Elec¬ 
tion” to the officer ordering the election, and by him 
to the Adjutant General. 

63. If the officer ordering the election is the Adju¬ 
tant General, he shall furnish each officer not at 
the station where the election is to be held, and who 
is entitled to vote, with the blank ballots needed, 
together with a copy of the order for said election. 
These ballots will be filled in and signed by these 
officers individually, and mailed (addressed as shown 
on Form) direct to the Adjutant General, who shall, 
upon receipt of the “Returns of Election” in the 
case, note these added votes, in red ink, in the proper 
spaces on said Returns, initial such entries himself, 
and file said ballots with the Returns. In case of 
more than one ballot signed by the same officer, the 
same rules shall apply as in the preceding para¬ 
graphs. 

64. The time for the election will not be set within 
ten days in the case of a field officer, nor within five 
days in case of a company officer, from the date of 
said order, which will also designate the place and 
hours. Polls must not be open less than one hour 
nor more than three hours. 



OFFICERS. 


25 


65. There must be at least two Election Managers 
for each election, who must be military officers, or 
one military officer and a Justice of the Peace, or 
two freeholders. Company officers, not themselves 
candidates, may serve as Managers for the election 
of field officers. 

66. Except as provided in Paragraphs 59, GO and 
61, no vote will be received by the Election Managers 
unless the person voting is actually present. 

67. All voting must be by written ballot. When 
the election has been completed and the Returns com¬ 
pleted and duly signed by the Managers, the latter 
will destroy all ballots not required to be forwarded 
with the Returns. (Par. 62). 

68. Returns of election, when completed and signed 
by the Managers, will be sealed and forwarded direct 
to the Adjutant General, State of Georgia. A certified 
copy of the order for the election must accompany 
the Returns. 

69. Separate Returns must be made for the elec¬ 
tion of field and company officers. 

In no case will the use of manuscript “Returns of 
Election” be permitted. 

Examination of Officers. 

70. As soon as may be for the best interestpjof 
the service and before being commissioned, every 
person elected or appointed shall appear before a 
board of officers for examination as to his physical, 



26 


OFFICERS. 


mental, moral, and other fitness for military service, 
except that no examinations will be required in the 
following cases: 

(a) For officers re-elected or re-appointed as 

their own immediate successors in office. 

(b) For field officers on the active list elected 

or appointed to higher rank. 

(c) For an officer on the active list who has re¬ 

ceived, within one year, a commission 
of the same or higher grade and for 
which an examination was held. 

(d) -For a person appointed A.ide-de-Camp to 

the Governor, or a Chaplain. 

71. An Examining Board shall be convened by the 
Governor, and shall ordinarily consist of three com¬ 
petent officers, the junior to act as recorder. The 
Board has the same power to take evidence, adminis¬ 
ter oaths, compel witnesses to attend and to testify 
and to produce books and papers, and to punish fail¬ 
ure to do so, as is possessed by a general court- 
martial. 

72. Each candidate will be instructed in orders 
from the Adjutant General’s office to report for ex¬ 
amination when directed by the president of the 
Board, who shall, within ten days of the receipt by 
him of the order therefor, notify the candidate of 
the day and hour set for his examination, and of the 
place at which he is to report. 



OFFICERS. 


27 


73. Upon the organization of the board and before 
entering upon its duties in each case, the following 
oath will be administered to each member; the re¬ 
corder swearing the other members, the president of 
the board swearing the recorder: 

“You,........... 

do solemnly swear (or affirm) that you will conduct 
the examination of the candidate now before you, 
without partiality, favor, or affection, and with a 
sole view to determining his qualifications; and you 
do further swear that you will not disclose nor dis¬ 
cover the vote or opinion of any member of this 
board except in due course of law. So help you God.” 

74. When a candidate for commission reports for 
examination, he will furnish to the board a certifi¬ 
cate of his physical condition, stating whether he 
is fit or unfit for military service, and his deficien¬ 
cies, if any, must be fully set forth. This certificate 
should be signed by a medical officer of the National 
Guard, but in case none is available, the certificate 
signed by any reputable physician of the State may 
be accepted by the board. He will also submit to the 
board a full written statement as to his previous mili¬ 
tary history, if any, with all dates noted as exactly 
as possible. A copy of this statement should also be 
retained by the candidate, to facilitate the filling in 
of the oath of office, if necessary. If the candidate 
at the time of the examination is connected with the 





28 


OFFICERS. 


military or naval service, it will be shown by pre¬ 
fixing his actual rank to his name whenever men¬ 
tioned, and followed by the designation of his office, 
organization, and arm of the service. • 

75. All proceedings of the board will be public and 
in the presence of the candidate under examination, 
except such as relate to the opinions, findings, and 
recommendations of the board, which shall be deter¬ 
mined in closed session and shall be regarded by all 
concerned as confidential, as required by oath. 

76. The examination shall be made in the order 
named and under the following heads: 

1. Physical condition. 

2. Moral' and other fitness. 

3. Professional efficiency. 

77. No person shall be declared competent who, in 
the opinion of the examining board, has not the 
physical ability to endure the exposures incidental 
to military service. In determining physical quali¬ 
fication, the board will be governed by the require¬ 
ments of G. O. No. 8, 1905 (Appendix B). If the 
board‘finds a candidate incapacitated physically, it 
shall forthwith conclude its examination, and report 
such finding. If the candidate is found physically 
qualified, the board shall proceed to the examination 
as to moral and other fitness. 

78. No person shall be declared morally or other¬ 
wise fit until a thorough examination has been made 



OFFICERS. 


29 


under this head, and the board will require the can¬ 
didate to file certificates from at least three reputable 
citizens of the county in which he resides as to his 
character and general fitness for a commission in 
the military service of the State, which certificate* 
will be filed with the proceedings of the board. 

If the candidate is not found qualified under this 
head, the examination will be forthwith concluded; 
and the proceedings will be duly forwarded. 

79. If qualified under the second head, the ex¬ 
amination shall proceed as to professional efficiency, 
which shall relate to fitness for practical service. 
Particular attention will be given to the candidate’s 
knowledge of the duties he is expected to regularly 
perform. Examinations under this head will be in 
the form of written questions and answers, and, when 
and where practicable and called for by the order 
for the examination, of practical work in handling 
troops of the proper arm at a drill. 

80. If drill is to be had as a part of the examina¬ 
tion, the president of the board, before fixing the date 
for the candidate to appear for examination, shall 
consult with the local commanding officer, who shall 
have been directed by' the Adjutant General to pro- 
vide troops for said drill, and shall fix upon such dat* 
as shall be least inconvenient to said troops, subject 
tor the restrictions laid down in Par. 88 hereof. 

81. In cases where it may be necessary for the 
board to proceed to the home of the candidate to con- 




30 


OFFICERS. 


duct the examination, similar arrangements will be 
made for the use of the troops in that locality for 
the purpose of the drill. 

82. The written examinations shall be conducted 
in the presence of at least one member of the board, 
who will furnish the candidate with the questions as 
needed, and will receive and present to the board 
all answers thereto when completed. Before receiv¬ 
ing the questions, the candidate shall be placed “on 
honor” not to consult any references nor to receive 
any other assistance in the preparation of his an¬ 
swers after receiving the questions; and the candi¬ 
date will file with his examination papers a certifi¬ 
cate to the effect that he has received no such as¬ 
sistance. 

83. For the written examinations, not less than 
GO nor more than 100 questions will be propounded 
to the candidate, and of these, at least 75 per cent, 
shall refer to the special duties of the office for which 
the candidate is being examined. Inquiry will be 
made under each sub-head (Par. 101), and will relate 
to general principles and their application rather 
than to mere technical details; all questions will be 
so framed as to require only a reasonable number of 
words for an intelligent reply. 

To each question the board will give a numerical 
value, which shall be noted thereon; answers will be 
credited according to their nature, such credit being 
numerically noted on the margin thereof. 



OFFICERS. 


31 


84. Ordinarily no candidate will be favorably rec¬ 

ommended who does not obtain at least 60 per cent, 
under each of the sub-heads of the examination and 
of the practical drill. If the board does recommend 
favorably on a lower qualification, it will specifically 
set forth its reasons for so doing. 4 , 

Whenever the board recommends that a commis¬ 
sion be not given the candidate, it will state defi¬ 
nitely and fully the reason for its action. 

85. The board, in formulating its final opinion and 
recommendation, will give due consideration to the 
candidate’s previous service and record for efficiency, 
if such exist, and to any other matter which will aid 
it in determining his fitness for commission, includ¬ 
ing service and graduation at any school or college 
where military instruction is given. 

86 . Its favorable recommendation of any candi¬ 
date for commission will be reported by the board 
in substantially the following form: “We find that 
(full name of candidate) has the physical, mental, 
moral, and other fitness for the military service, and 
recommend that he be commissioned as (state rank, 
office and organization), to which he has been elected 
(or appointed).” 

87. In recording the proceedings of a board of 
examination, the form prescribed for a general court- 
martial will be followed as nearly as practicable. 
Separate proceedings will be made in each case. The 
examination papers of the candidate, showing ques- 



32 


OFFICERS. 


tions asked and answers thereto, and all other papers 
submitted to the board and bearing upon his charac¬ 
ter or efficiency, will be attached to the record and 
properly referred to. The proceedings will, in each 
case, show the full name, date and place of birth, 
and the military service or history of the candidate, 
care being taken to state accurately grades held, in 
what organizations, and dates of same. 

Each record will be signed by every member. The 
proceedings will be forwarded without delay to the 
Adjutant General, for final action of the Governor. 

Time of Examination. 

88. Examinations for the grade of field officer, line 
or staff, will not be held within sixty nor beyond 
ninety days after date of order. 

Examinations for captains and lieutenants, line or 
staff, will not be held within thirty nor beyond forty 
days after date of order. 

Any candidate desiring to take his examination 
sooner, may waive his time limit, in writing, to the 
president of the board, which may proceed with the 
examination upon a date agreed upon between the 
president of the board and the candidate, such writ¬ 
ten waiver to be filed with the proceedings of the 
board. 

Composition of Examining Boards. 

89. Candidates for commission to the grade of 
field officer, line or staff, will be examined by a cen- 



OFFICERS. 


33 


tral board to be designated the “Field Officers’ Board,” 
to consist of not less than two nor more than five 
members of the grade of field officer. 

90. Candidates for commission as captains and 
lieutenants, line or staff, will be examined by Dis^- 
trict Boards to be composed of not less than two nor 
more than three members, the senior of whom shall, 
as a rule, be of the grade of field officer. 

91. Candidates for commission in the Naval Mili¬ 
tia will be examined by a Naval Board, to be com¬ 
posed of not less than two nor more, than three mem¬ 
bers, who shall be officers of the Naval Militia. 

92. Boards before which candidates for medical 
commission are ordered will have two medical offi¬ 
cers temporarily assigned thereto in place of other 
members. When there are not sufficient medical offi¬ 
cers in the Naval Militia for duty on the Naval Board 
for examination of medical candidates, medical offi¬ 
cers of the land forces may be assigned for such duty. 

93. In the interest of uniformity, special boards 
will not be ordered except for urgent reasons, which 
must be fully set forth in the application for such 
a board. 

94. When deemed necessary, and when approved 
by the commanding officer of his regiment or bat¬ 
talion, a local officer will be temporarily' substituted 
for a regular member of the board for a special ex¬ 
amination, in which case the questions to be pro- 



34 


OFFICERS. 


pounded to the candidate will be prepared by the 
regular board and forwarded to the temporary mem¬ 
ber to be submitted to the candidate for examina¬ 
tion; and, upon the completion of the examination, 
tjie whole board, as temporarily organized, will pass 
upon the rating of the candidate. A member tem¬ 
porarily assigned to a board for the purpose of a 
special examination will take the oath, in writing, 
before a military officer or a notary public, and at¬ 
tach the same to the examination papers for record. 

95. In all cases where it can be avoided without 
manifest injury to the service, not more than one 
member of the board will belong to the organization 
to which the candidate for commission has been 
elected, or appointed. 

96. When a candidate fails to report for examina¬ 
tion at the time appointed, the board will make.a 
report of the fact to the Adjutant General, giving, 
if possible, the reasons for the non-appearance of 
the candidate. 

In no case will a board examine a candidate after 
his maximum time limit has expired, without spe¬ 
cial authority therefor. 

97. A candidate desiring an extension of time for 
examination will make timely application to the 
Adjutant General therefor, which request will be 
forwarded through the commanding officer of the 
organization or department to which he has been 



OFFICERS. 


35 


elected or appointed. The reasons for such exten¬ 
sion will be fully set forth, and the officer through 
whom the paper is forwarded will approve or dis¬ 
approve the application with the reasons therefor. 

98. Correspondence between examining boards and 
the Adjutant General will be direct, copies of such 
communications, when necessary, being furnished 
those interested. 

99. No expense will be incurred by examining 
boards without special authority therefor. 

100. A member of an examining board, on being 
retired from active service, vacates his membership 
on the board, under Sec. 43 of the Military Code, 
but he is eligible with his consent, for a re-assign¬ 
ment to the board. 

Scope of Examination. 

101. The scope of examination will be as follows: 

FOB FIELD OFFICERS OF INFANTRY, CAVALRY, AND 
ARTILLERY. 

(1) Military Code of Georgia. 

(2) Georgia Military Regulations. 

(3) U. S. Drill Regulations (candidate’s arm 
only). 

(4) U. S. Manual of Guard Duty. 

(5) U. S. Army Regulations. 

(6) U. S. Field Service Regulations. 

(7) Wagner’s Security and Information. 




36 


OFFICERS. 


(8) U. S. Firing Regulations. 

(9) U. S. Manual of Courts-martial. 

FOR ALL STAFF OFFICERS. 

(1) Military Code of Georgia. 

(2) Georgia Military Regulations. 

(3) U. S. Manual of Guard Duty, U. S. Field 

Service Regulations, U. S. Army Regula¬ 
tions, U. S. Drill Regulations, U. S. De¬ 
partment Manuals and U. S. Firing Regu¬ 
lations, so far as they pertain to the spe¬ 
cial duties of the candidate. 

Coast artillery to be examined as coast artillery. 


FOR ALL MEDICAL OFFICERS. 


(1) Military Code of Georgia. 

(2) Georgia Military Regulations. 

(3) U. S. Hospital Corps Drill Regulations. 

(4) U. S. Medical Manual. 

(5) Physiology. 

(6) Hygiene. 

(7) Chemistry. 

(8) Anatomy. 

(9) Surgery. 

(10) Medical Jurisprudence. 

(11) Obstetrics and Gynecology. 

(12) Practice of Medicine. 

(13) Materia Medica and Therapeutics. 

FOR ALL COMPANY OFFICERS OF LAND FORCES. 

(1) Military Code of Georgia. 




OFFICERS. 


37 


(2) Georgia Military Regulations. 

(3) U. S. Firing Regulations. 

(4) U. S. Drill Regulations (candidate’s arm 

only). 

(5) U. S. Manual of Guard Duty. 

(G) U. S. Field Service Regulations. 

Coast artillery to be examined as coast ar¬ 
tillery. 

FOR ALL NAVAL OFFICERS. 

(1) Military Code of Georgia. 

(2) Georgia Military Regulations. 

(3) U. S. Navy Regulations. 

(4) U. S. Navy Drill Regulations for Infantry 

and Artillery and Arm and Away Boats. 

(5) U. S. Navy Manual of Physical Drill. 

(G) U. S. Navy Gunnery Drill Book for the 
New Armaments. 

(7) Handbook of Naval Gunnery, by Radford. 

(8) Luce’s Seamanship. 

(9) American Practical Navigator, by Bodwitch. 

(10) U. S. Navy Signal Code and International 

Code. 

Discharge of Officers. 

102. Officers may be discharged from the service 
of the State: 

(1) Honorably. 

(2 jf For the good of the service. 

(3) Dishonorably. 



38 


OFFICERS. 


103. An officer will be honorably discharged when 
his commission expires by operation of law; as, for 
a general officer of the line, at the expiration of the 
5 years for which he was commissioned; and, for the 
Adjutant General, Quartermaster General, and Aides- 
de-Camp to the Governor, at the expiration of the 
term of the Governor appointing them. 

104. An officer may be honorably discharged on ac¬ 
ceptance of his resignation; or upon the disbandment 
of the organization to which he belongs; or, if a 
staff officer, upon the qualification of his successor; 
or upon retirement; or upon the recommendation of 
a Retiring Board. 

105. An officer may be discharged “for the good of 
the service” for inability or unfitness to discharge 
the duties of his office or to exercise the proper au¬ 
thority over his inferiors; for the conviction of an 
infamous crime; for removal from home station, 
where he could not be immediately available for duty; 
or for absence without leave for a period greater than 
thirty days. 

106. An officer may be dishonorably discharged 
only upon sentence thereto by a general court-mar¬ 
tial. 

107. Commissioned officers are discharged only by 
the publication in orders of that fact, the reasons 
therefor, and the date on which such discharge takes 
effect. If no other date is announced in said orders, 



OFFICERS. 


39 


the date of the order is, in each case, the date on 
which all discharges announced therein become effec¬ 
tive. 

Resignation of Officers. 

108. A resignation tendered by an officer shall be 
in writing, and shall be forwarded, through all in¬ 
termediate commanders, to the Adjutant General 
for the decision of the Governor. Until duly ac¬ 
cepted, the officer shall not be considered out of the 
service, but shall be amenable* to discipline in all re¬ 
spects as if said resignation had not been tendered. 

109. If charges have been preferred against an 
officer who tenders his resignation, any commander 
having knowledge of the fact shall, in his endorse¬ 
ment, make a full report of the facts in the case and 
shall enclose, if practicable, a copy of the charges. 
Such a resignation, if accepted by the Governor, will 
be “for the good of the service,” and the officer will 
be discharged accordingly. 

110. When an officer, not accountable or under 
bond for public property, desires to tender his res¬ 
ignation, he will submit it in writing and duly signed 
to his company or other commander, who will require 
him to turn in or pay for all property for which 
he may have been responsible. His “Individual Rec¬ 
ord Sheet” will then be closed and signed by said 
commander, who shall forward it, as an enclosure 
to his endorsement upon the resignation, to the next 




40 


OFFICERS. 


higher commander. And no such resignation will 
be accepted until such Record Sheet has been re¬ 
ceived, properly settled and closed. 

111. When an officer who is accountable or under 
bond for public property desires to resign, he will 
forward, through all intermediate commanders, his 
application for permission to do so, stating fully 
the reasons impelling him thereto, and requesting 
that the necessary orders be issued with a view to 
its acceptance. If the Governor decides to accept 
such resignation, the Adjutant General will so notify 
the applicant and will designate the person to whom 
all public property is to be transferred, issuing the 
necessary orders to the latter to submit bond and to 
receipt for the property. When the transfer of such 
property shall have been completed satisfactorily and 
the officer shall have received a certificate from the 
Quartermaster General that his accounts have been 
correctly settled in full, the officer shall enclose said 
certificate with a formal letter of resignation and 
forward same through all intermediate commanders, 
to the Adjutant General for the action of the Gover¬ 
nor. 

112. Should it become necessary to institute legal 
proceedings to effect a settlement of an officer’s ac¬ 
counts, such officer’s commisssion will be summarily 
cancelled, or he will be ordered before a general court- 
martial, or a retiring board, with a view to his 
elimination from the military service, 



OFFICERS. 


41 


Retiring Boards. 

113. Whenever, in the opinion of the Governor, the 
interest of the service requires, he may appoint a 
Retiring Board to pass upon the fitness of any officer 
for continuance in commission. Upon the recom¬ 
mendation of said Board, such officer may be wholly 
retired from the service of' the State and his com¬ 
mission cancelled, may be honorably discharged, or 
may be withdrawn from active service and commis¬ 
sioned as a Retired officer, if he has had length of 
service as prescribed in Sec. 43 of the Military Code. 

114. Such a Retiring Board will be composed of 
three officers, the junior to act as Recorder thereof. 
Such Boards have the same power as Examining 
Boards, and conduct their proceedings in the same 
manner, except as follows: 

1st. Officers ordered before such Boards will not 
be required to submit any evidence to the Board, but 
shall be given full opportunity to do so, and any evi¬ 
dence so submitted shall be duly considered. 

2nd. If specific lines of inquiry are laid down in 
the order for the Board, it will confine itself to those 
lines only. 

115. The time for the meeting of the Board shall 
be agreed upon between the president thereof and the 
officer ordered before it, without unreasonable delay; 
should any necessity for postponement arise on either 
side, further agreement will fix the dates of meetings, 



42 


OFFICERS. 


which shall, however, be held and the matter decided 
with the greatest celerity practicable. 

Retirement of Officers. 

116. To be eligible for a commission as a Retired 
officer, an officer must be in active commission and 
must have served as an officer for not less than ten 
years, or in ranks and commission for not less than 
fifteen years; such service need not have been con¬ 
tinuous, but must have been honest and faithful. 
Time of service in the Confederate Army or Navy, 
or in the United States Army or Navy as a volunteer 
of this State subsequent to 1870, will be counted 
double in computing service tor retirement. 

117. An eligible officer may, upon application, be 
retired from active service with the highest rank 
that he has held in the service of the State. Any 
officer who discharges or who has discharged the 
duties of a higher grade for a period of not less than 
four consecutive months under special assignment 
from the Governor may, when retired, be retired with 
the rank of said higher grade. 

118. Every application to be placed on the Retired 
list will be accompanied by a concise statement show¬ 
ing full name, date and place of birth, residence, and 
the full military history of the applicant; also names 
of all organizations in which applicant has served, 
together with grades held and length of service in 
each. All dates will be correctly given. 



OFFICERS. 


43 


119. All retired officers are commissioned, without 
examination, as officers of the “National Guard of 
Georgia, Retired” or of the “Naval Militia of Georgia, 
Retired,” as the case may be. » 

120. Officers retired from active service with the 
rank held by them at date of retirement are commis¬ 
sioned to rank from the date of rank held by them 
at date of retirement. Officers retired with higher 
rank than that held by them at date of retirement 
are commissioned as of date of retirement. 

121. An officer on the Retired list has all the rights, 
privileges, immunities and exemptions enjoyed by 
the active list, and is entitled to wear upon all proper 
occasions the uniform of his retired rank. 

122. Retired officers, with their consent, are avail¬ 
able for duty on all boards or courts-martial, as su¬ 
perintendents of election, etc., and may perform all 
duties, suitable to their rank, to which they may be 
assigned by the Governor, except to command troops. 

Deceased Officers. 

123. When the death of any officer shall become 
known to his immediate commanding officer, the lat¬ 
ter shall at once investigate the matter, and report 
in writing the result of such investigation to the 
next higher commander; if the death is found to 
have occurred, this report shall specify the date, 
place, and cause thereof, and shall be forwarded as 
soon as practicable to the Adjutant General through 






44 


OFFICERS. ' 


intermediate commanders, accompanied by the “In¬ 
dividual Record Sheet” duly closed up to date in ac¬ 
cordance wi,th the facts, and properly signed. In 
closing up the property account, the same course 
will be pursued as prescribed in Pars. 179 and 180. 

124. Any member of the National Guard who may 
learn of the death of an officer (or soldier) and who 
may have reason to believe the same may not be 
known by the proper commanding officer, shall imme¬ 
diately notify the latter of the fact and all known 
circumstances connected therewith. 

Absences of Officers. 

125. No officer shall, without a leave of absence 
granted by the Governor, absent himself from his 
command while the latter is on or under orders for 
any duty ordered by the Governor. And no leave 
of absence will be granted under such conditions ex¬ 
cept in cases of urgent necessity. 

126. If, through failure to be notified, or any other 
cause, an officer is absent from his command while 
it is on duty ordered by the Governor, he will at once 
submit in writing, through all intermediate comman¬ 
ders, an explanation of such absence, stating fully 
the reasons therefor. 

127. Any officer not commanding an organization, 
and who desires to absent himself from the station 
of his command for a period of more than three and 
less than thirty days may do so after notifying in 



OFFICERS. 


45 


writing his immediate commanding officer, giving 
dates (inclusive) of the proposed absence, reasons 
therefor, and the address at which he can be reached 
in case of need. A similar report shall also be for¬ 
warded direct to the Adjutant General. 

128. Any commanding officer of an organization 
desiring to absent himself for more than twenty-four 
hours from the station of his command shall, in ad¬ 
dition to the requirements of Par. 127, notify in writ¬ 
ing the next junior officer on duty that the latter 
will be temporarily in command, giving the inclu¬ 
sive dates and his own address while absent; he will 
also leave with the temporary commander (or where 
he can readily have access to them) all records and 
returns of the organization, and also arrange for the 
delivery of all official mail to the temporary com¬ 
mander during such absence. 

129. No leave of absence shall be granted to any 
regimental or battalion staff officer, nor shall he ab¬ 
sent himself for any period, until he shall have trans¬ 
ferred, satisfactorily to himself and to his command¬ 
ing officer, all books, records, and property pertain¬ 
ing to his office, to the officer who is detailed to per¬ 
form the duties of such office during such absence. 
(See also Property Accountability.) 

130. No officer shall absent himself from the sta¬ 
tion of his command for a period of more than thirty 
consecutive days without a leave of absence granted 



46 


OFFICERS. 


by the Governor. Application therefor shall be in 
writing, shall state the reasons, inclusive dates, and 
his address while absent, and shall be forwarded 
through all intermediate commanders, to the Adju¬ 
tant General. In cases of urgent necessity, such ap¬ 
plication may be made by telegraph, or telephone, in 
which case the written application shall also be made 
by mail. 

131. In no case will any company be left without 
at least one commissioned officer on duty with it. 
Officers thereof must regulate their absences accord¬ 
ingly. 

132. Leaves of absence will ordinarily be granted 
in Special Orders, of which copies will be furnished 
as follows: 

One to the officer to whom leave is granted. 

One to the organization to which he belongs. 

One to his immediate commanding officer. 

The order will in each case show the address while 
absent. 

133. A leave of absence commences on the day 
the officer* is relieved from duty, and the expiration 
of the leave must find him again at his station. 

134. An officer returning from an absence, whether 
leave was granted or not, must report immediately 
in writing to his commanding officer and to the Adju¬ 
tant General, and must forthwith acquaint himself 
with all orders issued during his absence. 



OFFICERS. 


47 


135. ' Officers visiting other States or foreign coun¬ 
tries, whether on duty or on leave, will avail them¬ 
selves of all proper opportunities to obtain military 
information, especially such as pertains to their own 
branch of the service. They will report in writing 
the results of their observations to the Adjutant Gen¬ 
eral on their return to duty, or sooner, if practicable. 

136. During camps of instruction, whether.of the 
National Guard alone or with the U. S. Troops, ab¬ 
sences of officers after their arrival at camp will be 
regulated by the orders of the commander of the 
camp." Officers are cautioned, however, that they are 
expected to be present at all duties, so far as is pos¬ 
sible, and that no permission to be absent from any 
duty should be requested except in case of urgent 
necessity. 


Personal Reports of Officers. 

137. Unassigned officers of the active list, retired 
officers, and “Honor Graduates” of military colleges 
or schools of the State, will promptly report in writ¬ 
ing to the Adjutant General any changes in postoffice 
address, whenever such change may occur. 

138. All officers arriving at the Capitol building 
are directed to report in person at the Adjutant Gen¬ 
eral’s office. They will there register their names, 
residence while in the city, and the probable length 
of stay in Atlanta. 



48 


ENLISTED MEN. 


ARTICLE y. 

ENLISTED MEN. 

Enlistment. 

139. Any male person between the ages of 18 and 
45 years and who is effective, able-bodied, and of good 
character, may be enlisted. Persons of immature 
strength, or physically unable to endure the exposure 
incidental to military service, will not be enlisted. 

140. The enlistment of persons discharged for the 
good of the service, or dishonorably discharged or 
expelled from the National Guard of this State, or 
from the National Guard or volunteers of any other 
State, or from the Army or Navy of the United 
States, is prohibited, unless such disability shall have 
been removed to the satisfaction of the Governor. 

141. The commanding officer of an organization 
is the recruiting officer thereof. The enlistment of 
men for the signal corps, non-commissioned staff and 
band of a regiment or battalion, will oe made by the 
commander or by a designated staff officer. 

142. The recruiting officer will not allow any man 
to be deceived or inveigled into the service, but will, 
in person, fully explain the length of term and na¬ 
ture of the service, the duties which may be required, 
and all other obligations, to every man before he 
takes the oath and affixes his signature thereto. 

143. No soldier will be re-enlisted unless he shall 
have served honestly and faithfully his last term of 




ENLISTED MEN. 


49 


enlistment. For men over forty-five years of age, 
see G. 0. No. 8, 1905 (Appendix B). 

144. Upon signifying to the recruiting officer his 
desire to enlist in that organization, an applicant 
will supply the data for and duly sign the “Applica¬ 
tion for Enlistment” (Form d, A. G. O.) which shall 
have been properly filled in before signature. The 
applicant shall then, in addition, be furnished with a 
blank “Enlistment Card” and “Individual Record 
Sheet,” with a view to physical examination. If he 
be a minor (between the ages of 18 and 21 years), 
the applicant must, before going to the Surgeon, pro¬ 
cure the filling out and signing of the consent of pa¬ 
rent or guardian, as given on the “Enlistment Card.” 
He will then be examined physically by the proper 
Surgeon, who will comply strictly with the provisions 
of G. O. No. 8, A. G. O., 1905 (Appendix B), and who 
will fill out properly and duly sign the “Enlistment 
Card,” certificate on the “Application Blank” and the 
“Individual Record Sheet,” and will return them to 
the applicant for presentation to the recruiting officer. 

145. The physical examination will be made with¬ 
out charge therefor by Medical officers of the National 
Guard. When, for the convenience of the applicant, 
this examination is made by a surgeon not of the 
National Guard, the expense will be borne by the ap¬ 
plicant. In no case will such charges for examina¬ 
tion be paid by the State. 



50 


ENLISTED MEN. 


146. The name of an applicant will be entered in 
full on his “Enlistment Card” and “Individual Record 
Sheets;” thus: “John Patrick Henry Long.” In all 
signatures to the oath of enlistment and all official 
papers thereafter, an enlisted man will sign his first 
Christian name in full, indicating the others by 
initial only; thus: “John P. H. Long.” 

147. The recruiting officer, upon receiving the re¬ 
ports of the Surgeon, will carefully scrutinize all the 
papers and assure himself that they are all properly 
filled in, and that they show the enlistment to be a 
proper and legal one. If this be true, he will then 
himself fill in the necessary data upon the “Enlist¬ 
ment Card” and “Individual Record Sheet,” adminis¬ 
ter the oath of enlistment, and cause the recruit to 
sign the same upon both papers. 

148. The date of any enlistment or re-enlistment 
is the date of the actual administering of the oath, 
and in no case will any‘other date be affixed thereto. 

149. Recruiting officers will be held strictly re¬ 
sponsible that all men enlisted by them are proper 
persons for enlistment, and are properly and legally 
enlisted. 

150. When a soldier re-enlists, the recruiting offi¬ 
cer will note on his “Individual Record Sheet” (under 
the heading of “Prior Service”) “Second (or third) 
enlistment,” together with the name of the organi¬ 
zations served in and the inclusive dates, and charac¬ 
ter on discharge, in each case. 




ENLISTED MEN. 


51 


151. The oath of enlistment is as follows: 

“I do solemnly swear (or affirm) that I will sup¬ 
port and defend the Constitution and Laws of the 
United States, and of the State of Georgia, and I will 
observe and obey the lawful orders of the Governor 
of this State, and the officers appointed over me, ac¬ 
cording to the rules and regulations for the govern¬ 
ment of the organized troops of this State, for the 
period of two years, or until properly discharged. 
So help me God.” 

152. No soldier shall be again enlisted until he 
shall have been properly discharged from his previous 
enlistment, as evidenced by a proper discharge cer¬ 
tificate. 

153. No special or set day for enlistments shall 
be fixed for any organization. Men should be en¬ 
listed as they present themselves, from time to time. 
Where it is possible to avoid it, the enlistment of 
many (or all) of the men of an organization on the 
same date is prohibited. 

154. The authorized minimum for the enlisted 
strength of organizations is fixed as follows: Band, 
28; Company of Infantry or Signal Corps, and Troop 
of Cavalry, 58; Company of Coast Artillery, 63; Bat¬ 
tery of Field Artillery, 133; Company of Hospital 
Corps, or Ambulance Section, 43. 

155. Each organization should make all possible 
effort to keep its enlisted strength up to the minimum 



52 


ENLISTED MEN. 


as above given. To this end it is expected that or¬ 
ganization commanders shall secure the co-operation 
of all their men in procuring desirable recruits with 
a view to filling at once any vacancy that may occur. 

156. As organizations are supplied with equipment 
only for the officers and minimum enlisted strength, 
no men will be enlisted until vacancies have actually 
occurred in the minimum enlisted strength. A “wait¬ 
ing list” (of not more than 10 men) may be formed 
(and is highly recommended) for each organization, 
the men thereof to have all privileges of the organiza¬ 
tion and to be undergoing preliminary drill while 
awaiting vacancies to permit of actual enlistment. 
Such men will not be official members of the organi¬ 
zation nor be armed nor equipped, nor carried on any 
reports nor returns, until actually enlisted. Other¬ 
wise, every inducement should be offered them to be¬ 
come effective members, of such a waiting list, pend¬ 
ing enlistment. 

157. No man who has not been properly enlisted 
as provided above shall under any circumstances be 
considered (or carried on any reports or returns) as 
a member of an organization; nor shall any man not 
properly enlisted be placed on any duty as a member 
of an organization, in camp or in the field, or on any 
duty in aid of civil authority. Violation of this pro¬ 
vision renders the person impersonating an enlisted 
man liable to trial and punishment under Sec. 84 of 
the Military Code; permitting impersonation of an 



ENLISTED MEN*. 


53 


enlisted man, or the substitution of a man not en¬ 
listed for an enlisted man, renders the organization 
commander liable to trial by general court-martial 
under the Articles of War (5th, 13th, 60th and 61st). 

Records and Reports of Enlistments. 

158. All “Application for Enlistment” sheets, and 
Enlistment Cards made out for recruits, will be kept, 
by the organization enlisting the men, until the end 
of the quarter, when they will he forwarded with the 
company returns to the regimental (or unassigned 
Battalion) headquarters; the Adjutant will retain 
at the headquarters the “Application for Enlistment” 
sheets, and forward the Enlistment Cards with the 
returns to the Adjutant General. 

159. The “Individual Record Sheet” will be re¬ 
tained in the organization so long as the man’s con¬ 
nection with the organization remains unsevered; in 
case of promotion, discharge or death, it will be closed 
up, duly signed, and forwarded with the next quar¬ 
terly returns to the headquarters, and thence to the 
Adjutant General for permanent file; in case of pro¬ 
motion to the non-commissioned staff, it will at once 
be closed up and forwarded to the Adjutant. 

Transfers of Enlisted Men. 

160. Transfers of enlisted men from one arm of 
the service to another, or from one regiment (or un¬ 
assigned battalion) to another of the same organiza- 



54 


ENLISTED MEN. 


tion, while legal, will not hereafter be made. Where 
such change of service is desired or desirable, appli¬ 
cation may be made for the discharge of the man, 
stating his desire for service in the other organiza¬ 
tion, with the reasons therefor; if discharged, he may 
then enlist in such other organization. 

Discharge of Enlisted Men. 

161. No enlisted man shall be discharged before 
the expiration of his term of service, except by order 
of the Governor, and for the following reasons: 

To accept promotion by commission. 

Upon removal of residence from the State, or out 
of the bounds of the command" to which he 
belongs to so great a distance that, in the opin¬ 
ion of his commanding officer, he can not prop¬ 
erly perform his military duty. 

Upon disability established by a certificate of a 
Medical officer, or a competent physician. 

Upon conviction of a crime involving moral tur¬ 
pitude (a felony) in a civil court. 

Upon his own application, approved by his com¬ 
pany and superior commanders. 

To carry out the sentence of a* court-martial. 

Upon disbandment of the organization to which 
he belongs. 

Whenever, in the opinion of the Governor, the 
interests of the service demand such discharge. 



ENLISTED MEN. 


55 


162. Every man who is discharged will be fur¬ 
nished, upon discharge, with a certificate of discharge, 
properly filled out, signed by his proper commanding 
officer, and setting forth the reasons for discharge. 
His discharge certificate is the man’s evidence of 
service and character as a soldier; he is entitled to 
it as a right, and should carefully preserve it. The 
“proper commanding officer” is, in all cases, the com¬ 
mander who keeps up and is responsible for the In¬ 
dividual Record Sheet of the man concerned. 

163. Every application for the discharge of an en¬ 
listed man will be in writing, stating fully the rea¬ 
sons, and will be forwarded through military chan¬ 
nels to the .Adjutant General; all intermediate com¬ 
manders will endorse thereon their approval or dis¬ 
approval; all such applications will be accompanied 
by the Individual Record Sheet properly closed up to 
date and duly signed by the company or other com¬ 
mander. 

164. No discharge for disability will be granted, 
except upon the proper certificate of a Medical officer, 
or, if a Medical officer is not available, on certificate 
of a competent physician; this certificate must accom¬ 
pany the application for discharge. 

165. Applications for discharge of non-commis¬ 
sioned staff officers will be made by themselves or 
their proper commanders, in the same manner as 
prescribed for other enlisted men. 




ENLISTED MEN. 


5G 


166. Commanders of regiments, battalions, and 
companies will use diligent care that their rolls are 
kept free from inactive members, whose discharge 
should be applied for as soon as intentional neglect 
of duties becomes apparent; such men will be dis¬ 
charged “for the good of the service.” 

167. Nothing can be more subversive of good dis¬ 
cipline than an impression that premature honorable 
discharge can be easily obtained for frivolous rea¬ 
sons. Commanders will therefore exercise the great¬ 
est vigilance regarding the cogency and truth of al¬ 
leged reasons for discharge, satisfying themselves 
that such exist before approving the applications. 

168. Dishonorable discharges are given only to 
carry out the sentence of a general court-martial; 
they will have the word “Dishonorable” written 
across the face of the certificate, in large characters, 
in red ink, and the lower part of the discharge (from 
Record as a Soldier to bottom) will be cut off be¬ 
fore the discharge is signed. 

169. Discharges “for the good of the service” will 
have the words “For the Good of the Service” simi¬ 
larly written across the face of the certificate in 
red ink, and the lower portion will be cut off -before 
signature, as for dishonorable discharges. 

170. No man will be dropped from the rolls of 
any organization until his connection therewith has 
been severed in some proper manner, as by discharge, 
promotion, or death, 



ENLISTED MEN. 


57 


171. When an enlisted man is discharged by ex¬ 
piration of term of service, his discharge takes effect 
on the last day thereof; that is, if enlisted on the 
second day of the month, his term of service will ex¬ 
pire on the first day of the same month in the last 
year of his term of enlistment. 

Preparation of Discharge Certificates. 

172. Discharge certificates, to be legal, must be 
signed by a field officer of the regiment (or unas¬ 
signed battalion), or, if no field officer be present at 
the station,' by the commanding officer thereof. 

173. Commanders will keep themselves constantly 
informed as to men to be discharged, an 1 will prepare 
the discharge certificate and procure the signature of 
the field officer (if one be present at the station) in 
advance of the day of the discharge, so that the cer¬ 
tificate may be at the station of the organization and 
ready for delivery on the day for the discharge. 

174. In preparing the discharge certificate for the 
signature of the field officer, the commander will fill 
in all necessary data, except the date of discharge 
and his own signature. These will not be affixed 
until the actual date of the discharge, when the com¬ 
mander will himself enter them, thus completing the 
discharge certificate and thereby discharging the man, 
who is forthwith dropped from all reports and re¬ 
turns as discharged on that date, whether the certifi- 



58 


ENLISTED MEN. 


cate is actually delivered to the man on that date 
or not. 

175. If there is no field officer of the regiment or 
battalion at the station, the commander himself is 
the commanding officer so far as concerns his own or¬ 
ganization; hence he will sign the certificate of dis¬ 
charge both as commanding officer and as organiza¬ 
tion commander; in this case neither signature will 
be affixed until the actual date of the discharge. 

176. If the man discharged is present in person on 
the date of the discharge, the commander will hand 
him his discharge on that date; if he be not present, 
it will be retained subject to later delivery in person 
or upon written order of the man concerned. In no 
case will the certificate be mailed to the man, with¬ 
out his written request to that effect, which request 
shall be attached to his Individual Record Sheet, if 
delivery has been v made prior to- the forwarding 
thereof. 

177. All discharge certificates not delivered to men 
discharged within 30 days from date of discharge 
shall be forwarded direct to the Adjutant General for 
file; later applications for such discharges will be 
forwarded direct to the Adjutant General. 

Death of An Enlisted Man. 

178. In case of a reported death "of a man of his 
command, a commander will carefully investigate the 
case at once; if the death be confirmed, he will close 



ENLISTED MEN. 


59 


up the Individual Record Sheet, make out and sign 
the discharge certificate, and deliver the latter to the 
person named on said Record Sheet as “the person 
to be notified in case of emergency.” The fact of such 
delivery will be noted under “Remarks” on the Rec¬ 
ord Sheet, which will be duly forwarded. 

179. In closing up the property account of a de¬ 
ceased soldier,-the commander will make all possible 
effort to procure return of any articles kept by the 
soldier at his home; in collecting the articles kept at 
the armory, the commander should have at least two 
witnesses, besides himself, to verify the articles 
found, so as to support his own testimony in case a 
survey is required by reason of any shortage in ar¬ 
ticles found. 

180. In case of shortage in the articles issued as 
found, affidavits will at once be prepared for all the 
witnesses, and application made for a. Survey of said 
shortage, with a view to the relief of the responsible 
officer. 

Retirement of Enlisted Men. 

181. Each regiment, battalion, and company shall 
provide a roll to be known as the “Retired Enlisted 
Roll,” on which shall be carried all retired enlisted 
men of such organization who may be assigned thereto 
by the Governor. 

182. Any enlisted man who shall have served hon¬ 
orably for ten years or more in the service of this 




60 


ENLISTED MEN. 


State may apply to the Adjutant General, through 
military channels, for retirement from the active list, 
which application shall be granted if the applicant 
be legally entitled thereto; the service required need 
not have been corftinuous, but must have been hon¬ 
est and faithful. 

183. Each applicant shall state fully and accu¬ 
rately, in his application, the names of all organiza¬ 
tions in which he has served, with inclusive dates in 
each case; also the rank with which he wishes to be 
retired, with the grounds for his claim thereto. The 
application shall be accompanied by his Individual 
Record Sheet, which shall have been closed up to 
date for this purpose. 

184. If the retirement be ordered, a discharge shall 
be furnished, complete except as to the necessary 
signatures, by the Adjutant General to the comman¬ 
der, who shall procure the necessary signatures 
thereto and deliver the same, dropping the man from 
all reports and returns, and entering his name upon 
the “Retired Enlisted Roll.” Copies of the order of 
retirement shall also be furnished all concerned. 

185. Retired enlisted men, aside from all rights 
and privileges granted them by the Rules and By- 
Laws of the organization, shall have the right .to 
wear, upon all proper occasions, the uniform of their 
rank, and to parade with such organization upon any 
occasion of ceremony not confined to the active meir 
bers alone. 






ENLISTED MEN, 


01 


Non-Commissioned Officers. 

186. Much of the discipline of an organization de¬ 
pends upon the proper selection of non-commissioned 
officers. If they are properly selected, sustained, and 
directed, they will furnish material aid'in governing 
and educating the men. No light duty rests upon a 
captain in selecting his non-commissioned officers. 
By a good appointment he may build up his command 
and make it efficient; by a poor choice he may lower 
its standard and reputation. In selecting non-com¬ 
missioned officers, the commander should decide in 
accordance with: First, the man’s capability and 
reliability in the light of an instructor and assistant 
in practical work; second, his tact and judgment, as 
factors towards the promotion of discipline. 

187. Non-commissioned officers are entitled to re¬ 
spect and implicit obedience from the men; they 
must be just and impartial on all occasions. They 
should be required to thoroughly fit themselves for 
their duties as shch, and show themselves examples 
of neatness, cleanliness, and soldierly conduct and 
promptness. 

188. It is enjoined upon all officers to be cautious 
in reproving non-commissioned officers in the presence 
or hearing of the privates. 

189. Non-commissioned officers of companies will 
be appointed by the regimental (or unassigned bat¬ 
talion) commanders, on the recommendation of com- 




pany commanders, and will not be reduced except by 
sentence of court-martial, or by order of the regi¬ 
mental or battalion commander. 

190. A warrant will be issued to each non-commis¬ 
sioned officer, signed by the regimental (or unas¬ 
signed battalion) commander, and countersigned by 
the adjutant. The appointment or reduction of non¬ 
commissioned officers will be announced in regimental 
or battalion orders. 

191. First sergeants and quartermaster sergeants • 
of companies will be- warranted as sergeants only, 
and will be designated by company commanders, in 
orders, as first sergeant and quartermaster sergeant, 
and may be returned to the grade of duty sergeant 
by the company commander without reference to 
higher authority, a copy of such order being filed with 
the regimental commander and the Adjutant General. 

192. Non-commissioned officers of unassigned com¬ 
panies will be appointed by the company commander, 
who will also sign the warrants of their rank. 

193. The non-commissioned staff officers are ap¬ 
pointed or reduced in orders by their respective regi¬ 
mental or battalion commanders; they are issued 
warrants of their rank, signed by the commanding 
officer, and countersigned by the adjutant. If re¬ 
duced to grade of private without discharge, they may 
be assigned to companies by their regimental or un¬ 
assigned battalion commanders. 




ENLISTED MEN. 


G3 


194. The sergeant major of a battalion in a regi¬ 
ment is appointed and warranted by the regimental 
commander, upon the recommendation of the bat¬ 
talion commander. 

195. A non-commissioned, warrant, or petty officer, 
re-enlisting within thirty days after receiving his 
discharge, and being thereupon reappointed to the 
same grade, may, at the request of his immediate 
commander, retain his warrant, upon which the war¬ 
ranting officer shall indorse the facts in the case. 

196. When a man of any company is appointed a 
non-commissioned staff officer, notice of such appoint¬ 
ment shall be given in special orders, copies of which 
will be furnished to the man, to both organization 
commanders concerned, and to the Adjutant General. 

197. Upon receipt of the order promoting an en¬ 
listed man from his command, the commander thereof 
shall*close, up to date, his “Individual Record Sheet,” 
and forward the same direct to the new organiza¬ 
tion commander, who shall attach it to a new “Indi¬ 
vidual. Record Sheet” on which shall be entered only 
data of service in such organization. Upon discharge, 
all “Individual Record Sheets” pertaining to this en¬ 
listment will be forwarded as required in case of 
discharges. 

198. While non-commissioned officers are appointed 
for the performance of functions within their own 
organizations, their authority is by no means limited 




04 


MILITARY DISCIPLINE. 


thereto. Each should familiarize himself thoroughly 
with the full meaning and intent of the 23rd and 
24th Articles of War, and his responsibilities there¬ 
under, and conduct himself accordingly. 

199. Company or other commanders are respon¬ 
sible for the proper instruction of their non-commis¬ 
sioned officers, and for holding them to a proper and 
efficient performance of all duties. Inefficiency of a 
non-commissioned officer, who is allowed to remain 
such, is a sad reflection upon the company or other 
commander. 


ARTICLE VI. 

MILITARY DISCIPLINE. 

In General. 

200. Under the term military discipline is in¬ 
cluded every systematic means for insuring the fol¬ 
lowing results: 

(a) Unhesitating obedience to strict enforcement 
of military law and orders, and a careful observance 
of the respect and courtesy necessary and customary 
between branches and grades of the military estab¬ 
lishment. 

(b) The health and comfort of the troops. 

(c) Care and accountability for public military 
property. 

(d) Information, in the most concise form, show¬ 
ing, at stated times or on demand, the strength, con- 



MILITARY DISCIPLINE. 


65 


dition, and efficiency of the force, and the condition 
of stores or supplies. 

(e) Uniformity in the matters of detail and cor¬ 
respondence. 

(f) Any neglect in applying the means by which 
these ends may be obtained is a breach of discipline. 

201. Courtesy among military men is indispensable 
to discipline; respect to superiors will not be con¬ 
fined to obedience on duty, but will be extended on 

all occasions. 

% 

202. In all armies, the manner in which military 
courtesies are observed and rendered by officers and 
soldiers is the index to the manner in which other 
duties are performed. 

203. Familiarity between officers and enlisted men 
should not be permitted when on duty, nor at any 
time in relation to any official matter. Perfect civility 
is compatible with the exercise of the strictest com¬ 
mand. 

204. Subordinates are required to obey strictly and 
to execute promptly the lawful orders of the superiors 
appointed over them. Obey first; if aggrieved, sub¬ 
mit complaint afterward. 

205. Military authority will be exercised with firm¬ 
ness, kindness and justice. Punishments must con¬ 
form to the law, and follow the offenses as promptly 
as circumstances will permit. 



MILITARY DISCIPLINE. 


GO 


206. Superiors are forbidden to injure those under 
them by tyrannical or capricious conduct or by abu¬ 
sive language. 

207. Officers and enlisted men shall be considered 
on duty whenever in the headquarters or armories 
of their regiments, battalions, or companies, and will 
obey the orders of their superiors present in the 
same manner as when upon, or under orders for, any 
duty required by law. 

208. Armories shall be under the entire control of 
the senior officer of the organizations therein quar¬ 
tered, unless otherwise ordered, excepting that any 
officer shall have access to armories when in the 
line of duty. 

209. Upon entering the drill-room, or other room 
pertaining strictly to military duties, soldiers will 
be held to quiet, orderly, and respectful conduct, 
such to continue until they depart therefrom. 

Military Discussions and Publications. 

210. Deliberations or discussions among military 
men conveying praise, or censure, or any mark of 
approbation towards others in the military service, 
and all publications relative to transactions between 
officers of a private or personal nature are, except 
when authorized by the Governor, prohibited, at all 
times and whether on duty or not. Nor shall any 
officer or soldier attempt, at any time or place, 




MILITARY DISCIPLINE, 


67 


whether on duty or not, to hold another officer or 
soldier responsible in any personal manner for any 
official act. 

211. No officer or soldier will publish or permit 
the publication of any official letter or report, writ¬ 
ten by himself or others, nor allow any copy of such 
document to pass into the hands of any person not 
authorized to receive itl 

212. All officers and soldiers are strictly prohibited 
from allowing themselves to be interviewed for pub¬ 
lication on any matter that might be detrimental to 
the service or to any individual member thereof. 

Military Courtesies. 

213. The rules of official etiquette are not simply 
arbitrary regulations established without reason, but 
are founded on the experience of years among the 
lfaost self-respecting and honorable men. When offi¬ 
cers and men are thrown together, at times under 
trying conditions when orders are quickly given and 
prompt obedience demanded, personal irritation is 
apt to occur, and, if the laws of courtesy be allowed 
to be laid aside, serious misunderstandings may arise. 
To avoid this, civility in personal intercourse and in 
official correspondence is rendered obligatory by the 
customs of the service and by the regulations. 

214. Officers salute each other, and enlisted men 
salute officers, on all military, occasions, even if 





G8 


MILITARY DISCIPLINE. 


neither be in uniform, the junior officer, or the en¬ 
listed man, saluting first. 

215. When under arms, if armed with the saber, 
the salute is “present saber;” if armed with the rifle, 
“rifle salute” is executed; when not under arms, or 
when armed with saber not drawn, the salute is ren¬ 
dered with the hand. 

216. In saluting with the hand, the left is used 
when the officer passes by the right of the one 
saluting; in all other cases, or if mounted, the salute 
is given with the right hand. Officers salute with 
the left hand only when the right hand is engaged. 

217. Before saluting at a halt, the position of “at¬ 
tention” is to be assumed; when meeting or passing 
an officer, the position of a soldier on the march; 
in either case, the coat should be buttoned through¬ 
out, and, if smoking, the cigar or pipe should be re¬ 
moved from the mouth. 

218. When addressing or being addressed by a su¬ 
perior commissioned officer, the officer or enlisted 
man halts, faces, and salutes the superior officer. 
At the close of the interview or report, before parting, 
the salute is again rendered. 

219. The first motion of the salute is made six 
yards before passing an officer, and the hand is not 
dropped until the salute is acknowledged or the offi¬ 
cer has passed, 



MILITARY DISCIPLINE. 


69 


220. The “rifle salute” is prescribed for individual 
soldiers with arms, except sentinels; the latter sa¬ 
lute by presenting arms. 

221. When officers remain in or about the same 
place, salutes are not repeated, but a respectful con¬ 
duct is maintained until they leave the vicinity. 

222. Prisoners on parolQ pr under guard are not 
privileged to salute. 

223. In the trenches or on outpost duty troops ren¬ 
der no honors, but personal salutes between officers 
and enlisted men are not omitted unless they cause 
exposure to danger. 

224. On fatigue duty the officers and non-commis¬ 
sioned officers in charge salute; the men do not cease 
work to salute unless spoken to or unless they are by 
themselves, some distance from their party, and with¬ 
out implements in their hands. 

225. Officers inside of a house or tent, although 
visible from the outside, are not saluted by passers by. 

226. Any mark of attention shown by an enlisted 
man to an officer must be acknowledged by the latter. 

227. A mounted officer or enlisted man, before ad¬ 
dressing a superior officer not mounted, dismounts 
unless directed to remain mounted. 

228. For the purpose of paying honors, the halls, 
and drill-rooms of an armory, and a porch or veranda, 
are considered as outdoors, 



70 


MILITARY DISCIPLINE. 


229. For the purpose of paying honors, the meet¬ 
ing rooms of an organization are considered in doors. 

230. Coming indoors, the salute consists in un¬ 
covering, unless the officer or soldier entering be 
under arms or on armed duty, in which case he sa¬ 
lutes as if outdoors. 

231. In quarters, or anywhere indoors, soldiers are 
supposed to be uncovered, as they should be in their 
own homes (civilian homes). 

232. When an officer enters the quarters or place 
indoors where there are enlisted men, the one who 
first notices him gives the command “attention,” 
upon which all come to the attention, and the senioF 
non-commissioned officer joins the officer; the posi¬ 
tion of attention is held by all until the officer, who 
should acknowledge the same by saluting with the 
hand, has departed. If there be an.y one covered, he 
uncovers at the command “attention” unless he be 
•under arms or on armed duty, in which case he comes 
to the “attention” only. Should the officer remain 
in the place, the men resume their employments, and 
come again to “attention” at the command of the 
non-commissioned officer attending the officer, when 
the latter is about to leave; the officer returns this 
salute. When seated at meals, the men do not rise 
at the entry of an officer, but interrupt the meal and 
preserve silence until their mark of attention is re¬ 
turned by the officer. 





MILITARY DISCIPLINE. 


.233. In camp, or at an inspection in camp, the 
tents and company streets are the company quarters; 
and when an officer enters the quarters, the non-com¬ 
missioned officer in charge, or the first man perceiv¬ 
ing him, salutes, first giving the command “atten¬ 
tion,” which is executed and maintained by all until 
the officer leaves the quarters; in this case the posi¬ 
tion of “attention” is itself the salute. 

234. Whenever the “Star Spangled Banner” is 
played by the band on a formal occasion at a mili¬ 
tary station, or at any place where persons belonging 
to the military service are present in their official 
capacity, all officers and enlisted men present will 
stand at attention, such position being retained until 
the last note of “The Star Spangled Banner.” The 
same respect will be observed towards the national 
air of any other country when it is played as a com¬ 
pliment to official representatives of such country. 
Whenever “The Star Spangled Banner” is played 
under circumstances contemplated by this paragraph, 
the air will be played through once without repeti¬ 
tion of any part, except such repetition as is called 
for by the musical score. 

235. At every military post or station the flag will 
be hoisted at the sounding of the first note of the 
ered at the sounding of the last note of the retreat, 
reveille, or of the first note of the march, if a march 
be played before the reveille. The flag will be low- 



72 MILITARY DISCIPLINE. 


and while the flag is being lowered the band will 
play “The Star Spangled Banner,” or, if there be 
no band present, the field music will sound “to the 
color.” When “to the color” is sounded by the field 
music while the flag is being lowered, the same re¬ 
spect will be observed as when “The Star Spangled 
Banner” is played by the band, and in either case 
officers and enlisted men out of ranks will face 
toward the flag, stand at attention, and render the 
prescribed salute at the last note of the music. The 
national flag will be displayed at a seacoast or lake 
fort at the beginning of and during an action in* which 
I he fort may be engaged, whether by day or by night. 

*136. The national or regimental color or standard, 
ased, when passing a guard or other armed body, 
will be saluted, the field music sounding “to the 
color” or “to the standard.” Officers or enlisted men 
passing the uncased color will render the prescribed 
salute; with no arms in hand, the salute will be made 
by uncovering, the head-dress being held in the right 
hand and opposite the left shoulder, the right fore¬ 
arm against the breast. 

237. Officers of foreign services, of the army, navy, 
marine corps, and volunteers of the United States, 
officers of the National Guard of other States, and of 
the Militia, will be saluted in the manner prescribed 
for saluting officers of the State. 



MILITARY DISCIPLINE. 


73 


238. The President of the United States, Governors 
of States and Territories, the Vice-President, mem¬ 
bers of the President’s Cabinet, the Chief Justice of 
the United States, the President of the Senate and 
Speaker of the House of Representatives of the State, 
are saluted as general officers of the National Guard. 

239. At a reception outdoors, it is proper to un¬ 
cover if the person receiving be uncovered. At an 
official reception or social occasion indoors, officers 
uncover even though in full dress uniform. 

240. Officers in dress or full dress uniform at 
dances, receptions, dinners, etc., should wear their 
sabers; while actually dancing or sitting at table, the 
saber may be laid aside. 

241. Enlisted men address officers by the grades 
the latter actually hold; officers addressing other offi¬ 
cers do the same, except that long custom has sanc¬ 
tioned addressing a lieutenant as “Mister.” Abbre¬ 
viations of titles, as for example, “Cap” for “Cap¬ 
tain,” “Maje” for “Major,” etc., are highly unmili¬ 
tary and an exhibition of the worst of bad manners. 

242. When several officers are in company, the 
right should be accorded to the senior in walking or 
riding; when entering or leaving a house or camp, 
and it be necessary, the junior should secure admis¬ 
sion or passage for the party; in entering a room the 
senior precedes; in departing, the junior leads when 
the senior has indicated his desire to leave; juniors 



74 


MILITARY DISCIPLINE. 


take seats when the senior is seated, and rise with 
him. 

243. Officers subordinate in rank to the command¬ 
ing officer, on visiting a military camp, should, soon 
after their arrival, call upon the commanding officer 
thereof to pay their respects, making their official 
visit very brief. When ranking the commanding offi¬ 
cer, they should call or notify him of their pres¬ 
ence, when the commanding officer will return their 
call or make the first call. If the visiting officer 
should be a general officer, then the commanding offi¬ 
cer will call, accompanied by all the officers in uni¬ 
form. This applies in the case of all general officers. 

244. When a civic functionary entitled to a salute 
arrives and does not call on the commanding officer, 
the latter, as soon as informed of his presence, should 
call on him. 

Subordination to Civil Authority. 

Note. —For further details as to duties in aid of 
civil authority, attention is directed to Sections 14 
to 32 inclusive, Military Code of Georgia. 


245. Respect and obedience to the civil authorities 
of the land is the duty of all citizens, and more par¬ 
ticularly of those who are armed in the public service. 
An individual officer or soldier who resists the civil 
authority subjects himself to the penalties inflicted 
by civil law on a civilian in like case. ^ 




COURTS-MARTIAL. 


75 


246. Combination or concert between two or more 
officers or soldiers in such resistance is not only- 
punishable as above, but also renders each individual 
liable to military punishment. 

247. It is the duty of all commanding officers to 

restrain all those under their control from violations 
of the civil law, and to aid in bringing the guilty to 
justice. * 

'248. A civil officer charged with the execution of 
a civil process will, on making known his character 
and business to the satisfaction of the commanding 
officer, be permitted to execute his office. 

ARTICLE VII. 

COURTS-MARTIAL. 

In General. 

Note. —For detailed information as to Military Law 
and Courts-Martial, Courts of Inquiry, Retiring 
Boards, etc., see the Manual for Courts-Martial of 
the United States, the latest edition of which, with 
its amendments, is hereby made a part hereof, so 
far.as it may apply. 


249. The Courts-Martial authorized by this State 
are as follows: 

1. General Courts-Martial, to be convened only 

by order of the Governor. 

2. Garrison Courts-Martial, to be convened only 

by the commanding officer of a station 




76 


COURTS-MARTIAL. 


where troops of different corps are serv¬ 
ing, and at his own station or sub-posts 
only. 

3. Regimental Courts-Martial, to he convened 

only by the commander of a regiment or 
unassigned battalion for the trial of en¬ 
listed men of such command only, wher¬ 
ever stationed; said court to be composed 
of officers of such command, and no others. 

4. Summary Courts-Martial, to be convened at 

any station by the commander thereof, for 
trial of enlisted men of his station only. 

250. The constitution and procedure of these courts 
shall be the same as for like courts in the United 
States Army, except that no sentence of confinement 
shall be enforced until approved by the Governor. 

251. The oaths administered will be the same as 
given in the Manual for Courts-Martial for like cases, 
except that the words “the State of Georgia” shall be 
substituted for the words “the United States (of 
America)” wherever such change may be necessary. 

252. These courts have the same power to compel 
attendance of civilian and military witnesses as pos¬ 
sessed by the civil courts of this State, and shall also 
have power to punish for contempt of their authority 
the same as superior courts of this State. 

253. The Punishing Power of these courts shall 
be as follows, in time of peace: 




COURTS-MARTIAL. 


77 


For a General Court-Martial, dishonorable dis- 
■ charge, reduction to the ranks for non-commis¬ 
sioned officers, forfeiture of all pay and allow¬ 
ances, and such punishment as is or may be 
prescribed for misdemeanors by the penal laws 
of this State. 

For Regimental or Garrison Courts, reduction 
to the ranks for non-commissioned officers, fine 
of thirty dollars, or confinement for thirty days 
in any guardhouse, jail or prison. 

For Summary Courts, as for Regimental and 
Garrison Courts, except that the limit of fine is 
ten dollars, and of confinement is ten days. 

254. While, under the provisions of the Military 
Code, it is legal for regimental, garrison and sum¬ 
mary courts to award sentences of dishonorable dis¬ 
charge and forfeiture of all pay and allowances, it 
is deemed more desirable, in practice, to confine their 
powers to the limits laid down in the 83rd Article 
of War, so far as is authorized by the Military Code. 
All cases, therefore, in which the total of the pun¬ 
ishments (as provided by the Articles of War, the 
“Limits of Punishment” in the Manual for Courts- 
Martial, or by custom of the service) would, if the 
accused be found guilty of all offenses charged, ex¬ 
ceed the limits as above prescribed, will, if brought 
to trial, be tried by«*a eourt having power to award 
the total of punishments as above authorized. 



78 


COURTS- MART IA L. 


255. In case of war or insurrection, or imminent 
danger thereof, the aforesaid courts shall have au¬ 
thority to impose fines, forfeitures, and penalties in 
accordance with military law and the Articles of War 
governing the United States Army. 

256. If the person to be tried is an enlisted man 
of a regiment or unassigned battalion, he should be 
tried by a regimental court ordered by the proper 
commander. 

257. The senior officer of the line organization 
commanders at a home station will be considered as 
the commanding officer thereof for all purposes of 
military law and courts-martial; he only shall have 
power (except as provided in the 24th Article of 
War) to place officers at that station in arrest, or to 
order summary or garrison courts-martial for the 
trial of enlisted men at that station, or garrison 
courts for the “sub-posts” thereof. In camps of in¬ 
struction, each regimental or unassigned battalion 
commander is the station commander so far as con¬ 
cerns officers and men of his regiment or battalion or 
attached thereto. 

258. A locality in which but one company is sta¬ 
tioned is, for this purpose, a “sub-post” of the sta¬ 
tion at which the next higher commander is on duty. 

259. Officers authorized to convene courts-martial 
will, before ordering such courts, apply to the Adju¬ 
tant General for authority to direct the travel neces- 



COURTS-MARTIAL. 


79 


sary to the assembling of the court, etc., for the 
trial. If approved, the necessary expense will be 
paid by the State. 

260. In deciding upon the place and time of meet¬ 
ing of a court, the convening authority will duly 
consider the relative expense involved in assembling 
the court, accused, and the witnesses, and will make 
his recommendations to the Adjutant General so 
that the expense to the State shall be kept to the 
minimum. 

261. At each station where there is one company 
or more, the commanding officer shall detail an avail¬ 
able officer as Summary Court Trial Officer, to whom 
shall be referred for trial all cases properly subject 
thereto. Such cases will be referred only by the com¬ 
manding officer of the station. 

262. Upon receipt of a case for trial, the Summary 
Court Trial Officer will notify the immediate com¬ 
mander of the man to be tried, as to the time and 
place of the trial; the commander will take all steps 
necessary to procure the attendance of the accused 
and the witnesses at the time and place of the trial. 

263. The convening authority having approved the 
proceedings, findings, and sentence of a regimental, 
garrison, or summary court-martial, will make known 
the results thereof, and direct execution of the sen¬ 
tence, if approved, in proper orders, copies being 
furnished to all concerned, Unless in cases of great 



80 


COURTS-MARTIAL. 


importance, these results will be made known in spe¬ 
cial orders only. 

264. Officers of staff departments will not be eli¬ 
gible for court-martial duty, except upon the order 
of the Governor. 

Arrest and Confinement. 

265. Except for reasons of great urgency, any offi¬ 
cer or enlisted man against whom charges are pre¬ 
ferred should be placed in arrest immediately upon 
the investigation of the case and determination to 
refer the case for trial, and should remain in arrest 
(and be so carried on all reports and returns) until 
released by proper authority. Brief data as to the 
arrest, its cause, inclusive dates, and resulting trial, 
if any, will be noted on the Individual Record Sheet 
of the officer or man concerned. 

266. All persons placed in arrest should be given 
to thoroughly understand that, while in arrest, they 
are upon their personal honor to confine themselves 
to the limits of the arrest and to present themselves 
whenever and wherever ordered by proper authority, 
and that a breach (or breaking) of the arrest is one 
of the most dishonorable of all military offenses. 
The limits of arrest will be fully explained to the 
person arrested by the arresting officer at the time 
of the arrest. These limits will be fixed so as to 
cause the least possible interference with the ordin¬ 
ary business of the person arrested, but shall in no 



COURTS-MARTIAL. 


81 


case extend beyond the limits of the county in which 
he resides, except upon a written application, prop¬ 
erly approved, and for a limited time and urgent rea¬ 
sons in each case. , 

267. Any commissioned officer has authority to 
place in arrest any enlisted man, whether under com¬ 
mand of such officer or not; but in case the man ar¬ 
rested is not under the immediate command of the 
arresting officer, the latter shall at once report in 
writing to the man’s immediate commander the cause 
for the arrest, the time, place, date and limits thereof, 
and shall forward the charges in the case at the 
earliest practicable moment, with a full list of the 
witnesses. 

268. On account of practical difficulties, no person 
under charges will be placed in confinement at his 
home station before trial, unless there is strong rea¬ 
son therefor, either because of the gravity of the of¬ 
fense charged, or of probability of escape, or unwil¬ 
lingness to accept arrest on honor. 

Confinement at home station, when unavoidable'} 
will take place in an armory designated by the com¬ 
manding officer of the station, who will also place on 
duty such non-commissioned officers and privates as 
might be needed as guard, and make the necessary 
arrangements for subsistence for guard and prisoners. 
All expenses of the confinement, including State pay 
for the guard, will be borne by the State. 



82 


COURTS-MARTIAL. 


269. In camps of instruction, or whenever there is 
a regularly detailed military guard and a guard¬ 
house or guard tent suitable for the purpose, enlisted 
men requiring restraint or under pharges awaiting 
trial will be confined and treated as prisoners, as 
provided in the Manual for Guard Duty and U. S. 
Army Regulations. 

Preferring of Charges. 

270. In formulating charges with a view to trial 
by a military court, officers will carefully follow the 
models laid down for their guidance in the “Manual 
for Courts-Martial,” both as to the Charges and the 
Specifications thereunder. All allegations made will 
be couched in military language, and will be strictly 
confined to the military offense or offenses charged. 
Civil cases must not be tried by military courts. 

271. Charges originated or received by a company 
commander against a man of his command, shall, 
before being referred for trial, be thoroughly investi¬ 
gated by him with the view to determining whether 
a trial is necessary or whether proper punishment, 
for all purposes of discipline, can be given without 
trial. If the charges are preferred by himself or 
an officer under his command, he may decide the 
disposition of the case, notifying his subordinate ac¬ 
cordingly. If not himself authorized to convene the 
proper court, or if not enough officers are available 
therefor, or if the charges are preferred by an officer 





COURTS-MARTT AL. 


83 


not under his command, the company commander 
shall endorse on the charges the result of his investi¬ 
gation with his recommendation in the case, and for¬ 
ward them to his immediate commander for decision 
and the necessary action. 

Records of Proceedings. 

'272. The records of the proceedings of the various 
courts-martial shall be as prescribed in the “Manual 
for Courts-Martial.” When completed, properly ap¬ 
proved by the convening authority, and the execution 
of the sentences duly ordered, the record in each case, 
except in the case of the Summary Court, will be for¬ 
warded to the Adjutant General for permanent file 
and safe-keeping. 

273. The Summary Court Record Book will be a 
permanent record of the station; the commanding 
officer will see that it is properly furnished to the 
trial officer with each case to be tried, and is promptly 
returned with all data properly entered and duly 
signed. 

Disposition of Fines and Forfeitures. 

274. Section 65 of the Military Code provides for 
the manner of collection, when not paid voluntarily 
and within reasonable time, of all fines and forfei¬ 
tures imposed by sentence of military courts. 

275. All fines and forfeitures collected pursuant 
to sentences of general, garrison, or regimental courts- 



84 


interior economy. 


-- - ■■ ■ -- 

martial shall be forwarded to the Adjutant General 
immediately, for deposit in the Military Fund of the 
State. 

276. All fines and forfeitures collected pursuant 
to sentence of a summary court-martial shall be col¬ 
lected by or paid to the commander of the organiza¬ 
tion of the man sentenced, and shall by him be paid 
into the fund of said organization for its own use, 
as provided for “armory rent.” (See Par. 586.) 

277. The fact and date of collection of any fine 
or forfeiture will be at once reported, by the collect¬ 
ing officer, to the man’s immediate commander, who 
shall note them on the Individual Record Sheet as 
part of the court-martial entry in the case. 

ARTICLE VIII. 

INTERIOR ECONOMY. 

Administration. 

278. In the government of a command, the best re¬ 
sults are obtained when the commanding officer con¬ 
fines himself to the exercise of general supervision 
over organization commanders and other officers. If 
he attempts to interfere with the interior economy 
of organizations or to do the duty of all his subor¬ 
dinates by direction of the details, he will find the 
t*fsk exceedingly difficult and the result unsatisfac¬ 
tory. The main duty of the commanding officer 
should be to make the officers under him do their 



interior economy. 


85 


full duty, holding each and every one of them re¬ 
sponsible for the proper performance of all his duties. 

In official matters he should neither fear nor love; 
he should do his duty as he sees it, not as others 
may see it. Although human, he should strive to 
rise above personal animosities and petulant matters; 
although strict, he should be fair and impartial. He 
should make his subordinates feel that he shares 
with them their joys and sorrows. He should be con¬ 
siderate of the welfare, comfort and happiness of his 
command, doing everything he consistently can to 
promote harmony; such policy is not at all incon¬ 
sistent with good discipline; on the contrary, it is 
conducive thereto. He should encourage football, 
baseball, dances and other forms of entertainment; 
especially should he encourage amusement for the 
soldiers in their idle hours. (Officers’ Manual.) 

279. Always act promptly, never putting off until 
to-morrow what can be done to-day. Procrastination 
has thwarted the advancement of many a bright, 
able officer. Get into the habit of being prompt. 
(Officers’ Manual.) 

280. Soldiers should be treated with proper con¬ 
sideration, dignity and justice. Young officers some¬ 
times run to one of two extremes in the treatment 
of their men. They either, by undue familiarity or 
otherwise, cultivate popularity with their men, or 
they do not treat them with sufficient consideration. 



interior economy. 




The former course will forfeit their esteem, the lat¬ 
ter wil insure their dislike, neither of which re¬ 
sults is conducive to commanding their respect. 
(Officers’ Manual.) 

281. The treatment of soldiers should be uniform 
and just, and under no circumstances should a man 
be humiliated unnecessarily or abused. Punishment 
must be administered with discretion and judgment, 
and be free from passion, for the officer who loses his 
temper and flies into a tantrum has failed to obtain 
his first triumph in discipline. He'-who can not 
govern himself can not govern others. (Officers’ 
Manual.) 

282. Obedience, the cardinal principle of all dis¬ 
cipline, may be defined as submission to the lawful 
orders of superiors. Men can not be punished for 
refusing to obey illegal orders. The question then 
arises, who is to judge of the legality of the orders? 
It is evident that if all officers and soldiers are to 
judge when an order is lawful and when not, the 
captious and mutinous would never be at a loss for 
a plea to justify their insubordination. It is there¬ 
fore an established principle that, unless an order is 
so manifestly against law that the question does not 
admit of dispute, the order must first be obeyed by 
the inferior, and he must subsequently seek such re- 
Iress against his superior as the law allows. If the 
inferior disputes the legality before obedience, error 



interior economy. 


87 


of judgment is never admitted in mitigation of the 
offense. (Officers’ Manual.) 

Regimental Adjutant. 

283. The Adjutant, as chief of the regimental staff, 
is the official organ of the regimental commander, 
who communicates through him with the command. 

284. The Adjutant should inform himself upon all 
points of military usage and etiquette, and should 
not only have a thorough knowledge of his own spec¬ 
ial duties, but should also have a general knowledge 
of the duties of all of the officers of the regiment. He 
should also see that orders are obeyed, and that the 
required reports and returns are made. 

<£85. Ordinarily the commanding officer will direct 
what orders are to be published to the regiment. 
All official communications to the officers of the regi¬ 
ment are signed by the Adjutant, and transmitted 
by him; while all communications to a superior 
headquarters are signed by the commanding officer 
himself. 

286. The Adjutant should not give an order in the 
name of his colonel in a special or peculiar case with¬ 
out previously laying the matter before him and re¬ 
ceiving instructions; but in cases involving general 
principles, in which he can readily understand, from 
established precedents, what would be the command¬ 
ing officer’s decision, he may with propriety assume 



INTERIOR ECONOMY. 


88 


to grve orders in his name; he should, however, feel 
sure that he will be sustained in such cases. 

287. The Adjutant has charge of the regimental 
books, records, papers, and blanks, excepting those 
of the medical officers, regimental quartermaster, 
commissary, and inspector of small arms practice; 
and it is his duty to master thoroughly the methods 
of keeping them, as well as of conducting correspon¬ 
dence, issuing orders, and making all reports and re¬ 
turns. To this end he will carefully study what is 
laid down in relation to officers of the staff generally, 
and to those of the Adjutant General’s Department 
particularly. 

288. The Adjutant makes all required details of 
officers from the roster, and of all enlisted men ac¬ 
cording to the strength of the companies respectively. 

289. The Adjutant should be thoroughly familiar 
with the rank and seniority of each officer and non¬ 
commissioned officer of his regiment, in order that 
he may readily assign them to their positions in regi¬ 
mental formations and guard mountings. 

290. The Adjutant should know at all times, for 
the information of the commanding officer, the ac¬ 
tual strength of the regiment, and will closely ex¬ 
amine all reports received from others, returning 
for correction those found to be erroneous. 

291. The regimental band and field music are 
under charge of the Adjutant, when at his station; 



interior economy. 


89 


he , should see that they are properly instructed and 
familiar with their duties, and prepared for inspec¬ 
tions and reviews, or other ceremonies. 

292. The Adjutant should never talk outside about 
official business of the office; this is not only un¬ 
dignified and unmilitary, but it is also a betrayal of 
official confidence which almost invariably leads to 
pernicious results. He, as well as all other staff offi¬ 
cers, should be thoroughly loyal to the commander, 
furnishing him, confidentially, all information re¬ 
ceived by him, regardless of source, which he should 
know for purposes of discipline or instruction of 
others, or as to the manner of performance of duties; 
he should never criticise, or permit criticism by 
others in his hearing or presence, of the commanding 
officer or his acts; nor should he criticise, or counte j 
nance criticism on the part of others, as to the con¬ 
duct of other officers. 

Regimental Quartermaster. 

293. The duties of the Quartermaster call for ex¬ 
perience, discretion, and business qualifications. He 
draws and issues supplies, and has charge of all the 
property for the regiment not receipted for by the 
company commanders or in immediate charge of 
other staff officers. He provides transportation and 
quarters for officers, men, and animals, when so or¬ 
dered. 





90 


INTERIOR ECONOMY. 


294. In obtaining and turning over or issuing 
property or supplies, a quartermaster will follow care¬ 
fully all the regulations, and make proper use of the 
forms provided by the Quartermaster General. He 
should be thoroughly familiar with the U. S. Army 
Regulations and the Manual for the Quartermaster’s 
Department, as well as all orders affecting his duties. 

295. The Quartermaster’s requisitions and esti¬ 
mates must be approved by the commanding officer, 
who also directs what he desires done. 

296. The Quartermaster will make it an invariable 
rule and principle never to issue or loan property 
of any description without obtaining a receipt for 
the same, and never to disburse money except for ma¬ 
terial purchased or services rendered in accordance 
with lawful authority. 

297. A Quartermaster will keep an accurate record 
of all transactions of his office, and will render such 
reports and returns as are required of him to ac¬ 
count for all money or property received, etc. He 
will be under bond, when accountable for any prop¬ 
erty, in the sum of $1,000.00. 

298. Battalion Quartermaster-Commissaries, where 
not themselves acting as such, should be required to 
act as assistants to the Quartermaster (or Commis¬ 
sary) so as to give them education and experience 
in the exercise of their duties in advance of their be¬ 
ing required to act independently. They should be 



INTERIOR ECONOMY. 


91 


assigned to these duties separately, but should be de¬ 
tailed in only one department at a time, so that 
their responsibility may be definite. 

Regimental Commissary. 

'299. In order that the Regimental Commissary 
may be able to perform all duties in connection with 
the Subsistence Department, td which he may be as¬ 
signed by proper authority, he must thoroughly fa¬ 
miliarize himself with all the duties of that depart¬ 
ment as laid down in the U. S. Army Regulations 
and the Manual for the Subsistence Department, as 
well as all orders referring to his duties. 

300. Ordinarily the duties of the Commissary will 
comprise only the receipt of rations from the Chief 
Commissary (or Disbursing Officer) and the conse¬ 
quent issue thereof to the various organizations. 

301. Each Commissary will keep an accurate rec¬ 
ord of all transactions of his office, and submit such 
reports and returns as may be required of him. 

302. Commissaries, and all officers acting as such, 
will be held strictly responsible for all property or 
rations under their charge, whether or not they have 
receipted for them. 

303. Regimental and Battalion Commissaries are 
eligible for and liable to any other staff duty to which 
they may, in case of need, be assigned by their proper 
commanders. 




92 


INTERIOR ECONOMY. 


Regimental Inspector of Small Arms Practice. 

304. A Regimental (or Battalion) Inspector of 
Small Arms Practice shall, under such instructions 
as may be issued from time to time by the Governor, 
have charge of the small arms practice of the troops 
at his station, and all property and materials con¬ 
nected therewith. 

305. Each such Inspector shall keep an accurate 
record of all transactions of his office, and render 
such reports and returns as may be required of him. 

306. If more than one Inspector of Small Arms 
Practice is at a station, the juniors should be re¬ 
quired to act as assistants to the one in charge, for 
purposes of instruction and experience. 

Battalion Adjutants. 

307. When the battalion is disengaged from the 
regiment, the Battalion Adjutant acts in the same 
capacity to the battalion as the Regimental Adjutant 
does to the regiment. When on duty with the regi¬ 
ment, he will assist the Regimental Adjutant in his 
duties so as to become familiar with them. 

Battalion Quartermaster-Commissary. 

308. When the battalion is disengaged from the 
regiment, the Battalion Quartermaster-Commissary 
acts in the same capacity to the battalion as the 
Regimental Quartermaster and Regimental Commis¬ 
sary do when the regiment is together; when the bat- 



INTERIOR ECONOMY. 


93 


talion is in the field disengaged from the regiment, 
he has charge of the transportation and other prop¬ 
erty issued to him by the Quartermaster’s Depart¬ 
ment, and has charge of the rations of the command 
and the issue thereof. 

309. When on duty with the regiment, the Quart¬ 
ermaster Commissary will assist the Regimental 
Quartermaster, or Commissary, in his duties, so as 
to become familiar with the duties of both depart¬ 
ments. 

Medical Officers. 

310. To the medical officers the care of the sick 
is confided. An important part of their duty is also 
the supervision of the sanitary condition for the 
health of the troops, whether in camp, on the march, 
or at armories, and the medical examination of re¬ 
cruits. 

311. The medical officers are responsible to the 
commanding officers of their regiments that instru¬ 
ments, medicines, and stores are ready at all times 
when necessary, properly arranged for use or trans- 
porfation. 

312. At “sick call” the sick of the companies will 
•be conducted to the hospital by a non-commissioned 

officer, who will hand to the Surgeon, in his. com¬ 
pany sick-book, a list of all the sick of his company, 
on which the Surgeon shall state who remain in or go 
into hospital, who return to quarters as sick or con- 



94 


INTERIOR ECONOMY. 


valescents, of what duties the sick in quarters are 
capable, what cases are feigned (malingerers), and 
any other information in regard to the sick which 
he may have to communicate to the company com¬ 
mander. The sick book will be returned by the non¬ 
commissioned officer to the 1st Sergeant. 

313. After sick call, a morning report of the sick 
will be made out by the Surgeon, and sent to the 
Adjutant’s office. 

314. Soldiers in hospital, and attendants, will be 
mustered on the rolls of their commands, if such are 
present. 

315. Whenever a patient is transferred from the 
care of one medical officer to another, the account of 
his case, taken from the records, shall accompany 
him. 

t 

316. The decision of medical officers upon sick 
cases is final, and will never be interfered with. 

317. Patients marked “sick in quarters” are not 
permitted to leave the quarters without written per¬ 
mission from the Surgeon, approved by the com¬ 
manding officer of the company. 

318. In camps, medical officers will examine the 
sinks at least once a day, preferably in the morning, 
reporting to the regimental commander any neglect 
noticed. They will see that disifectants arq used 
as needed, 



INTERIOR ECONOMY. 


95 


319. The hospital is always open to inspection by 
the commanding officer, who should examine it and 
determine whether it is being properly managed. 

320. The attention of the medical officers will be 
given to the quality and methods of preparing food 
given to troops; reports and suggestions thereupon, 
when necessary, will be made to the commanding 
officer, who will make all possible efforts to have 
the recommendations of medical officers carried into 
effect. 

321. Medical officers will keep such books and rec¬ 
ords as may be prescribed, together with accurate 
records of all transactions of thfeir respective of¬ 
fices, and all required returns of the property in 
their charge. 

322. Assistant Surgeons will assist the Surgeon in 
charge, and are subject to his orders under those of 
the commanding officer. In the absence of the Sur¬ 
geon, the senior assistant present assumes his duties 
and responsibilities. 

Chaplains. 

323. The Chaplain is recognized as entitled to the 
same consideration and courtesy as an officer of his 
rank, but is without the privilege of command. He 
is subject to the same rules and regulations as other 
officers. He does not wear a saber. 

324. Chaplains will not be required to turn out 
with troops on occasions pf ceremony, but will bq In- 




96 


INTERIOR ECONOMY. 


spected at such place as may be designated by the 
commanding officer. 

325. No person shall be appointed to the office of 
chaplain who is not a regularly ordained minister of 
some recognized religious denomination, and who is 
not known to be of good standing as such. 

326. It is the duty of the Chaplain, having pre¬ 
viously arranged therefor with the medical officer in 
charge, to visit the sick in hospital in order to af¬ 
ford religious advice and consolation. 

327. All Chaplains shall be prepared to hold ap¬ 
propriate services at military funerals. It shall be 
their duty to hold public religious services, when on 
duty with their commands, at least once on each Sun¬ 
day, when practicable, and at such other times as 
their commanding officers may authorize. 

328. All officers are required to do everything in 
their power to aid chaplains in the discharge of their 
duties. 

329. Chaplains will not be employed on duties 
other than those required of them by law or pertain¬ 
ing to their profession, except when the exigencies 
of the service, a result of deficiency in number of 
officers present, require it. 

Regimental Sergeant Major. 

330. The Sergeant Major is the ranking non-com¬ 
missioned officer of the regiment; he assists the Ad¬ 
jutant in the performance of all his duties. 




INTERIOR ECONOMY. 


97 


331. At the time appointed, the Sergeant Major 
receives the company morning reports from the First 
Sergeants, gives them the orders for the day and the 
orders to be placed in the company order files. The 
morning report books are returned at “First Ser¬ 
geant’s Call’’ and the Sergeant Major also gives the 
First Sergeants such information as may be necessary 
and furnishes them with the details required from 
their respective companies for the next tour of guard 
duty. In like manner, reports for the band and other 
musicians are received from, or transmitted through, 
the drum major, by the Sergeant Major. 

332. The Sergeant Major should be a model sol¬ 
dier for the regiment in his dress and military de¬ 
portment. His example and punctual performance of 
his duties go far toward influencing proper discipline. 
He should be thoroughly conversant with the duties 
of all non-commissioned officers and privates. He 
should, therefore, ordinarily be selected for long 
and efficient service as well as for tact and ability, 
and preferably from the Battalion Sergeants Major. 

Battalion Sergeant Major. 

333. When the battalion is disengaged from the 
regiment, .the Battalion Sergeant Major performs the 
same duties for the battalion as the Regimental Ser¬ 
geant Major does for the regiment. When on duty 
with the regiment, he will be required to assist the 
Regimental Sergeant Major in all his duties, so as to 



98 


INTERIOR ECONOMY, 


become familiar with all the duties of the office 
and the reports required therefrom, with a view to 
later promotion. 

Regimental Quartermaster Sergeant. 

334. The Regimental Quartermaster Sergeant shall 
assist the Regimental Quartermaster in the perform¬ 
ance of all his duties. He has the immediate charge 
of the property for which the Regimental Quarter¬ 
master is responsible, and directs the employees and 
details sent to work for the Quartermaster’s depart¬ 
ment. He should be an experienced non-commis¬ 
sioned officer, of long and faithful efficient service, 
and thoroughly reliable and trustworthy. Prefer¬ 
ably, he should be selected from efficient Company 
Quartermaster Sergeants. 

Regimental Commissary Sergeant. 

335. The Regimental Commissary Sergeant shall 
assist the Regimental Commissary in the perform¬ 
ance of his dutias. He has the immediate care of the 
commissary stores, and superintends the issues to 
companies, etc. His selection should be governed by 
the same principles as for the Regimental Quarter-* 
master Sergeant. 

First Class Sergeant, Hospital Corps. 

336. The First Class Sergeant obeys and assists 
the Surgeon and his assistants in the performance 
of their duties, and must be a registered pharmacist. 






INTERIOR ECONOMY. 


99 


Drum Major. 

337. The Drum Major performs duties with refer¬ 
ence to the band similar to those of the first ser¬ 
geant of a company. He parades the band at roll 
calls, calls the roll, and reports the. result to the 
adjutant, under whose orders and instructions he 
acts. He superintends the police of the quarters of 
the band musicians; drills and instructs the men of 
the band in their military duties; the company mu¬ 
sicians are also under his charge while with the 
band, as at parades. 

Chief Musician. 

338. The Chief Musician is responsible for the 
musical instruction of the men of the band. During 
encampment he has charge of the musical training 
of the company musicians also. 

Principal Musician. 

339. The Principal Musician assists the Chief Mu¬ 
sician in the performance of his duties. 

Color Sergeants. 

340. Color Sergeants are appointed by the regi¬ 
mental commander, and will have charge of the col¬ 
ors whenever they are removed from the command¬ 
ing officer’s quarters for drills, parades or ceremonies, 
and may be assigned for any other duty by the regi¬ 
mental commander. They should be selected for 
long, faithful and efficient service. 



100 


INTERIOR ECONOMY. 


Company Commanders. 

341. The command of a company divides itself 
into two kinds of duty: Government and Adminis¬ 
tration. 

342. The government includes the instruction, dis¬ 
cipline, contentment and harmony of the organiza¬ 
tion, involving as it does, esprit de corps, rewards, 
privileges and punishments. 

343. The administration includes the providing of 
clothing, arms, ammunition, equipage, and subsist¬ 
ence; the keeping of records, including the rendition 
of reports and returns; and the care and account¬ 
ability of military property, and the disbursement of 
the company fund. (Officers’ Manual.) 

344. The efficient administration of a company 
greatly facilitates its government. System and care 
are prerequisites. (Officers’ Manual.) 

345. Army Regulations cover, in detailed instruc¬ 
tion, the great mass of matter appertaining to the 
daily administration of military affairs. A large 
part of this matter deals with subjects with which 
it is not necessary for any officer to charge his mind, 
except to the extent of being able to readily find the 
subject matter involved when necessary in the dis¬ 
charge of his particular duties. 

346. Certain principles of military discipline, com¬ 
mand and administration, which find expression in 
Army Regulations, are as necessary to the good sol- 



interior economy. 


101 


dier as is a knowledge of the Drill, Firing and Field 
Service Regulations, and the Guard Manual. To 
these principles the attention of the student is es¬ 
pecially invited, it being constantly borne in mind 
that the subject matter prepared for consideration 
herein is a digest only of the more important mili¬ 
tary principles of administration. No person in the 
military service can safely attempt the performance 
of any substantial military duty without knowl¬ 
edge of the full text of the Regulations affecting his 
particular office, or detail. This is to be had in the 
latest Army Regulations. 

347. All changes, amendments and additions to 
Army Regulations are published to the Guard in gen¬ 
eral orders from the War Department. As soon as 
such orders are read the officer should so mark his 
Regulations, with number and year of the order, that 
he can readily refer thereto when necessity therefor 
arises. 

348. The officers of the company should do every¬ 
thing to make the organization contented and har¬ 
monious. Contentment and harmony are not only 
conducive to good discipline and efficiency, but they 
also make the government of the company easy. 
The showing of favoritism on the part of the captain 
is always a cause of great dissatisfaction amongst 
the soldiers in the company. Soldiers do not care 
how strict the captain is, just so he is fair and im¬ 
partial, treating all men alike. (Officers’ Manual.) 



102 


interior economy. 


349. The Captain should give the mess his con¬ 
stant personal attention, making frequent visits to 
the kitchen and dining room while the soldiers are at 
meals so as to see for himself what they are get¬ 
ting, how it is served, etc. Ascertain what the sol¬ 
diers like to eat and then gratify their appetites as 
far as practicable. Be careful that the cook or the 
quartermaster sergeant do not fall into a rut and 
satiate the soldiers day after day with the same 
menu. (Officers’ Manual.) 

350. The Captain will cause the men of his com¬ 
pany to be divided into squads, each to be under the 
charge of a non-commissioned officer who should 
always carry with him a list of his men and their 
addresses, home, business and telephone number, that 
in case of need the man may be readily warned. A 
list showing the address, as above, of each man, and 
the non-commissioned officer in whose squad he is, 
should be posted in the company armory, and a copy 
kept by each officer. 

351. In time of local trouble, all orders for the 
assembly should be issued with, and enjoin, secrecy, 
for the two-fold object of preventing soldiers from 
being waylaid individually, and of surprising a mob 
by the sudden and unexpected appearance of the 
troops in proper bodies. 

352. The Captain will require his lieutenants and 
non-commissioned officers to assist him in the per¬ 
formance of all company duties, and he may assign 



INTERIOR ECONOMY. 


103 


to each certain branches for their special care. He 
shall frequently direct the lieutenants to take charge 
of drills that they may become accustomed to com¬ 
mand. 

353. The instruction of a company in drill is best 
attained by placing special stress on squad drill. 
The non-commissioned officers should be thoroughly 
instructed, practically and theoretically, by one of 
the company officers and then be required to instruct 
their squads. The squads are then united and drilled 
in the school of the company. (Officers’ Manual.) 

354. Upon the Captain devolves the important duty 
of nominating to the colonel for appointment the 
non-commissioned officers of the company, who 
should be selected with great care, selection not be¬ 
ing confined to the soldier longest in service; they 
should not only possess the requisite knowledge of 
the duties to be expected from them, but should be 
men whose character and influence will command re¬ 
spect and obedience from their inferiors. 

355. The Captain will select his first sergeant and 
quartermaster sergeant from the sergeants of his 
company, regardless of date of warrant, and may re¬ 
turn them to the grade of sergeant without reference 
to higher authority. A separate warrant as first ser¬ 
geant or quartermaster sergeant will not be given. 

356. Cooks and musicians are appointed by their 
respective company commanders; for inefficiency or 




104 


INTERIOR ECONOMY. 


misconduct they are subject to reduction by the 
same authority. 

357. All changes in rank of enlisted men of a 
company shall be reported to the Adjutant General 
immediately on making same. 

358. The Captain may detail a soldier to assist in 
the clerical labor of the company. In all cases, how¬ 
ever, the records must be under the direct super¬ 
vision of the captain. 

359. The Captain will instruct the first sergeant 
as to preparing all company books and papers, and 
will see that his lieutenants are thoroughly conver¬ 
sant with the same. 

360. The company commander should sustain his 
subordinates, and should especially avoid reproving 
an officer or non-commissioned officer in the presence 
of the men. 

361. At encampments, and on similar occasions, 
the company commander must see that prompt at¬ 
tention is paid tQ roll calls; the lieutenants report¬ 
ing to him in person, and the first sergeant reporting 
the attendance of the enlisted men. Punctual and 
universal attention can not be expected from the men 
if the officers are tardy or absent. 

362. Immediately before the discharge of a soldier, 
the commanding officer of his company or detach¬ 
ment will collect all property issued to him, and 



INTERIOR ECONOMY. 


105 - 


cause the arms and equipment to be cleaned and the 
clothing renovated and repaired. 

363. Arms and other equipments of the company 
liable to rust will be inspected at least twice a month, 
and those requiring it must be properly cleaned. 
Unused rifles must have metal parts thoroughly 
coated with oil to prevent rust. 

364. Men should invariably be punished for sell¬ 
ing, giving, or negligently losing their clothing. The 
following is the Section of the Military Code re¬ 
ferring to this subject, which should be carefully 
complied with both in letter and in spirit: 

Section 74. TITLE TO MILITARY PROPERTY. 
The property issued by the State to its Militia re¬ 
mains the property of the State, and it shall be un¬ 
lawful for any person not connected with the militia 
to retain possession thereof, unless the title is ac¬ 
quired under the authority of law. It shall therefore 
be the duty of any officer of the National Guard to 
seize or cause to be seized property of the State in 
the possession of parties not entitled thereto; and 
where such officer has reason to apprehend that any 
property has been wrongfully converted, to seize 
the same, if such seizure is necessary to preserve the 
property, or to prevent the escape of the person in 
possession thereof; and when such officer has reason 
to apprehend that the property of the State has 
been secreted or concealed, it shall be his duty to go 
before an officer authorized to administer oaths, and 




106 


INTERIOR ECONOMY. 


to make oath that he has reason to believe that said 
property is so concealed, stating the places to be 
searched, and it shall then be the duty of a civil 
officer to issue a warrant authorizing the search of 
the premises described in the affidavit. 

Lieutenants. 

365. Lieutenants should be thoroughly familiar 
with the school of the soldier, company, and battal¬ 
ion, and also with guard duty, and the duties of all 
non-commissioned officers. 

366. The right of a Lieutenant for ordinary duty 
and command is restricted to his own company. He 
may be detailed by the commanding officer of the 
regiment to command another company, but cannot 
claim such command as a right on the ground of 
seniority. 

367. In case of the temporary absence of the cap¬ 
tain of a company, his duties are performed by its 
senior lieutenant, who is not, however, to make any 
marked changes in the manner of governing, but 
shall rather aim to carry out the plans of his captain. 

368. A Lieutenant is the assistant of the captain 
and should be required by the captain to assist in 
the performance of all company duties, including the 
keeping of records and the preparation of the neces¬ 
sary reports, returns, estimates and requisitions. He 
should be required to drill the company, instruct the 
non-commissioned officers, brief communications, 



INTERIOR ECONOMY. 


107 


make out ration returns, reports, muster and pay 
rolls, etc., all in his own handwriting, until he shows 
perfect familiarity therewith. (Officers’ Manual.) 

369. Some captains do all the company work them¬ 
selves, allowing their lieutenants to do practically 
nothing. This is a mistake; it robs the lieutenant 
of all initiative, causes him to lose interest in the 
company, and prevents him from getting a practical 
working knowledge of company administration. 
(Officers’ Manual.) 

370. It is somewhat difficult to explain definitely 
the authority a lieutenant exercises over the men 
in the company when the captain is present. In 
general terms, however, it may be stated the lieuten¬ 
ant can not inflict any punishment, or put men on, 
or relieve them from, any duty without the consent 
of the captain. It is always better to have a definite 
understanding between the captain and his lieuten¬ 
ants as to what he expects of them, how he wishes 
to have certain things done, and to what extent he 
will sustain them. (Officers’ Manual.) 

371. The company officers should set an example 
to their men in dress, military bearing, system, punc¬ 
tuality and other soldierly qualities. Negligence of 
superiors is the cue for juniors to be negligent. The 
character of officers and the manner in which they 
perform their duties are reflected in the conduct and 
deportment of their men. If a company officer be 



108 


INTERIOR ECONOMY. 


ignorant of his duties, his men will soon find it out, 
and when they do, they will have neither respect for, 
nor confidence in, him. Company officers should take 
an active interest in everything that affects the 
amusement, recreation, happiness and welfare of 
their men. (Officers’ Manual). 

Non-Commissioned Officers. 

372. Company Non-Commissioned Officers are ap¬ 
pointed, and reduced to ranks, by the regimental 
commander upon the recommendation of the com¬ 
pany commander. They will be carefully selected 
and instructed, and always supported by the com¬ 
pany commander in the proper performance of their 
duties.- Officers will be cautious in reproving them 
in the presence or hearing of private soldiers. (A. 
R.) 

373. Company Non-Commissioned Officers are ex¬ 
pected to assist the company commander in carrying 
out his own orders and those of his superiors. They 
should see that all company orders are obeyed and 
that the known wishes of the captain are carried out. 
(Officers’ Manual). 

First Sergeant. 

374. The First Sergeant, under supervision of the 
captain, has immediate charge of all routine matters 
pertaining to the company. He has immediate 
charge of all company property, books, papers, and 
records, in the care and keeping of which he is as- 




INTERIOR ECONOMY. 


109 


sisted by the other non-commissioned officers and 
the company clerk. At “First Sergeants’ Call” he 
will repair to the adjutant’s office and get the com¬ 
pany morning report, together with a list of the non¬ 
commissioned officers and the number of privates 
required for guard the next day. He will also re¬ 
ceive from the sergeant major such orders, communi¬ 
cations, etc., as may be given him for the company 
officers. He will show the company officers, without 
delay, all orders and instructions affecting them, or 
the company, and deliver to them such communica¬ 
tions as may be addressed to them. After “First 
Sergeant’s Call” he will prepare a list of the names 
of the non-commissioned officers and privates de¬ 
tailed for guard the following day. This list will be 
posted on the company bulletin board, which every 
company should have hung in some convenient place. 
Every morning immediately after breakfast he will 
turn out as many men as may be necessary to police 
the grounds around the quarters. He will notify the 
company quartermaster sergeant of the soldiers who 
are absent on duty and for whom meals must be 
saved. He will see that all drawers, lockers, and 
boxes are opened at the formal inspections of quar¬ 
ters, and that all record books are opened and laid 
out for inspection. (Officers’ Manual). 

375. The sick report must always be made up be¬ 
fore the morning report, in order that the latter may 
be accurate as to the number of men for duty. 



110 


INTERIOR ECONOMY. 


376. The First Sergeant should hold the chiefs ot 
squads responsible for the condition of their respect¬ 
ive squads, and report any neglect to the captain. 

377. The First Sergeant keeps the roster, and 
makes all details from the company; parades and in¬ 
spects said details; sees that they are properly equip¬ 
ped for the duty they are to perform, and then turns 
them over to a non-commissioned officer to be 
marched to their posts, or marches them there him¬ 
self. 

378. A separate warrant as First Sergeant will not 
be given. 

Company Quartermaster Sergeant. 

379. The Company Quartermaster Sergeant should 
have charge of the police of the company quarters, 
the supply and preparation of food, and the care and 
custody of the company ordnance and equipment. 
The company cooks, kitchen police, and janitor are 
subject to his orders. (Officers’ Manual). 

380. Company Quartermaster Sergeants take no 
rank over other company sergeants. All are of the 
same grade (except the 1st Sergeant), and rank or 
precedence is determined by age of warrant. They 
may be assigned, at the discretion of the company 
commander, to any employment, and the company 
commander’s assignment is final. (Decision of the 
J. A. G., U. S. A., Sept. 2, 1902). 



INTERIOR ECONOMY. 


1H 


Sergeants. 

381. Sergeants have a general supervision of the 
men, and, if in charge of details, are responsible that 
public property in their hands is not misused or lost; 
they may also have charge of the preliminary in¬ 
struction of recruits, and should be familiar with 
guard duty. 

Corporals. 

382. Corporals should know thoroughly the ex¬ 
tended order drill. They will frequently be called 
on to assume the duties of a sergeant, and should 
therefore be familiar with his duties in a company, 
and with guard duty. They will have charge of 
their respective squads, will see that public property 
in the hands of their men is properly used, and will 
be required from time to time, and when directed by 
the company commander, to make a check of all 
property issued to their men. 

Cooks. 

383. The Cooks authorized by the Militia Law 
must be enlisted the same as other soldiers, and, 
after joining their organizations, will be appointed 
cooks in orders by the officer in command; they will 
be subject to reduction, by said commander, for in¬ 
competency or misconduct. They rank as privates, 
but will be carried on the roll below corporals and 
ahead of the musicians. 



112 


INTERIOR ECONOMY. 


384. Where it is impossible to enlist competent 
white men as cooks, colored cooks should be found 
and such arrangements made with them that they 
shall be available to accompany the troops when 
needed. They cannot be enlisted, but the necessary 
expense of transportation both ways will be borne 
by the State (for not to exceed two cooks to a com¬ 
pany) when the orders require tnem to be taken 
along with the troops. All expenses for colored 
cooks, except transportation, must be borne by the 
organization itself as best it may. If such men can 
be retained*as permanent employees of the company, 
this should be done where white cooks cannot be 
found and enlisted. 

Bands and Field Music. 

385. Regimental bands are subject to all the laws 
and regulations for the government of the Guard, 
and must attend the stated roll-calls, and are sub¬ 
ject to all orders relating to the general government 
and police of camp. For military duties they are 
under the immediate charge of the drum major,, who 
is directly responsible to the adjutant or other com¬ 
manding officer. 

386. The field music consists of the company musi¬ 
cians. At all regimental parades, or encampments, 
they are under the immediate charge of the drum 
major while at ceremonies, as part of the band, or 
while undergoing musical instruction. They are car¬ 
ried on the morning reports of their respective com- 



RECORDS. 


113 


panies, and will attend drills with tlieir companies 
when required. 

Armories. 

387. Every officer whose command occupies or 
drills in any armory, drill hall, or building provided 
for such purpose, shall have control of such premises 
during the period of occupation, subject to the orders 
of his superior commanders; he shall not, however, 
prevent reasonable inspection of the premises by the 
mayor or other officials of the town or city, by the 
owners of the premises, nor by military inspectors. 

388. All articles of public property issued to an 
organization must habitually be kept in the armory of 
such organization. Articles issued to the men will 
be kept in their lockers, when not in use, arms being 
in proper racks. Property not issued to the men 
should be kept in proper store-rooms, safely locked. 
If an organization commander permits any man to. 
carry any property to his home, or away from the 
armory when not using it on duty, such commander 
assumes all risk of loss arising therefrom, and must 
not expect to be relieved therefrom by a Survey. 

ARTICLE IX. 

RECORDS. 

General Instructions. 

389. The records of military organizations are the 
property of the State and they must be carefully pre- 




114 


RECORDS. 


served. On the discontinuance of an organization, 
all its retained records will be turned in to the Ad¬ 
jutant General. 

390. Commanding officers and inspectors are re¬ 
quired to examine closely all military records; to see 
that errors are promptly corrected; that books and 
records are neatly kept, and that returns and reports 
are rendered promptly and in the manner prescribed. 

391. It is the duty of all officers to acquire the 
knowledge of making correct returns and reports, and 
how to keep properly all military books and papers; 
it is the duty of all commanding officers to impart the 
necessary instruction, and to see that their subordi¬ 
nates become competent in this line of duty. 

3912. Commanding officers may detail soldiers to 
assist in the clerical work; in all cases, however, the 
records must be kept under their own personal super¬ 
vision, and they themselves are responsible for the 
accuracy and correctness of all reports, returns, books 
and records, and that they are kept and rendered as 
required. 

393. No officer will sign any receipt, voucher or 
statement referring to any military property or duty 
until he has made due effort to ascertain its correct¬ 
ness in all points, and is absolutely sure that such 
statement is correct; for in signing such papers the 
officer makes himself responsible, both personally and 
officially, and will be so held. 



RECORDS. 


115 


394. All books and forms prescribed for the Na¬ 
tional Guard will, so far as applicable, be used also by 
the Naval Militia, only such changes being made as 
the difference in service may require. 

395. Regimental, battalion, and company com¬ 
manders are responsible for the safe keeping of the 
records of their respective commands; they will en¬ 
trust them only to thoroughly reliable assistants, per¬ 
mitting no one else to have access to them at any 
'time; upon relinquishing command, they will trans¬ 
fer all records to their successors in command, or, in 
the case of temporary absence, to the next junior 
officer who falls into command. 

396. Orders and official communications,, records, 
books, &c. are furnished commanders in their official, 
not personal, capacities;, they are public records, and 
must be preserved, transmitted, or transferred to the 
proper official or custodian, as circumstances demand. 

397. As a general principle, all records of each 
organization, or office, will be kept in such form as 
will permit of storage in the field desk for trans¬ 
portation and use away from home station. So far 
as practicable, they should be also kept in the field 
desk at home station. 

Records To Be Kept. 

398. At each headquarters of a regiment or un¬ 
assigned battalion there will be kept: 

A Consolidated Morning Report Book. 



116 


RECORDS. 


A Drill Report Book. 

A Sick Report Book. 

A Guard Report Book. 

A Correspondence Book, and Document File. 

A File of Individual Record Sheets, and Record 
of Enlistments, for all officers and enlisted 
men of the regiment, etc., or attached thereto, 
who are not assigned to some organization 
under command of an officer. 

Separate Files for each class ot orders, circulars, 
etc., either issued or received. 

Files of vouchers and retained property returns, 
etc. 

399. Each troop, battery, band, company or de¬ 
tachment *of the Hospital Corps will keep: 

A Morning Report Book. 

A Drill Report Book. 

A Sick Report Book. 

A Correspondence Book, and Document File. 

A File of Individual Record Sheets, and Record 
of Enlistments, for each officer and man of 
the command or attached thereto by proper 
orders. 

Separate files for each class of orders, circulars, 
etc., issued or received. 

Files of retained vouchers and property, returns. 

A 1st Sergeant’s Book. 

400. Each staff officer, including Surgeons and the 
commander of the band, will keep a Correspondence 



RECORDS. 


117 


Book and Document File for the official correspond* 
ence of his office, and such files of orders, circulars, 
vouchers, returns, etc., as may be required by the au¬ 
thorized Manual for his Department or necessary for 
the recording of and reference to the work of his 
office. 

401. Each office will also supply itself with all 
necessary blank forms for the transaction of all of¬ 
ficial business required for it either by regulations 
or proper orders, and will make such reports and re¬ 
turns thereon as may be required by proper author¬ 
ity. 

402. Besides the prescribed books and records to 
be kept for official purposes, each organization will 
also keep ^uch other books and records as may be 
required J^y its By-laws, etc., which shall include, in 
all cases, a Fund Book and an Historical Record 
Book; the former will contain all accounts of re¬ 
ceipts and expenditures of funds of the organization, 
duly signed; the latter will contain minutes of all 
meetings for the transaction of business pertaining 
to the organization in its corporate capacity, and his¬ 
torical narrative data. 

403. Of the foregoing books and records, the Morn¬ 
ing Report, Sick Report, and Guard Report Books 
are not used at home stations except when specially 
ordered. They must be on hand at all times and 
ready for immediate use if needed; they will always 



118 


RECORDS. 


be taken with the organization on going into the 
field, either for duty or instruction, and on all active 
service. 

404. All other records, etc., officially prescribed, 
are for use at all times, including home duty, except 
the Drill Report Book, which is replaced by the 
Morning Report Book when latter is used. 

Making and Keeping of Records. 

405. All instructions printed upon blank forms, or 
forming part of record books furnished officially are 
hereby made a part of these regulations (so far as 
they may apply) and are binding upon all concerned 
until, and as^ amended or otherwise changed. These, 
and the various U. S. Manuals for Staff Departments, 
will be carefully studied in connection with these reg¬ 
ulations; especial attention will be given to the date 
of adoption or issue of forms, etc., as a guide to ac¬ 
tion, the issue of latest date being followed in all 
cases. 

406. The Morning Report book, when properly 
filled out, contains data vitally important to the mil¬ 
itary history of the organization, and is the basis of 
many other reports and returns. It must, therefore, 
be most accurately kept, printed instructions and 
models being minutely followed. 

407. The Guard Report book is used wherever and 
whenever there is a regularly detailed guard. It is 
made out and used as prescribed in the U. S. “Manual 



RECORDS. 


119 


of Guard Duty,” which is hereby made a part of these 
regulations, so far as it may apply. 

408. The Sick Report book is not only a record of 
the illness of the men of the organization and of 
great value as a permanent record thereof, but is also 
the means of communication between the Surgeon 
and the commander, so far as concerns the health 
of the command. Previous to “sick call,” the names 
of all men reporting themselves as sick are entered 
in the book, under supervision of the 1st Sergeant; 
a non-commissioned officer, detailed for the purpose, 
takes the book and presents it, with the sick of his 
command, to the surgeon; the latter diagnoses each 
case, decides upon the necessary treatment and dis¬ 
position, fills in the proper columns, signs the book, 
and returns it to the non-commissioned officer; men 
not taken into the hospital return to their command 
with the non-commissioned officer, who turns the 
book over to the 1st Sergeant, who carries ft, with 
the Morning Report book, to the commander for his 
information. Similar procedure is had for all men 
taken ill during the day and needing prompt atten¬ 
tion or excuse from pending duty. 

409. The Drill Report book contains the record of 
presence or absence of all officers and men of the 
command on all occasions of duty at home station, 
thereby taking the place of the Morning Report for 
this purpose, and rendering the latter unnecessary 



120 


RECORDS. 


therefor; it must be kept with scrupulous accuracy, 
and exactly in accordance with the instructions 
printed inside the cover. Each organization must 
have a minimum number of 24 drills, of at least one 
and one-half hours each, during each calendar year, 
and at least one of such drills will be in each calen¬ 
dar month thereof. The period of the drill, as well 
as its nature, will he entered in the Drill Report 
Book , (in column for Nature of Drill), and, in com¬ 
puting “attendance at drills” for the Annual Inspec¬ 
tion, only such drills will be counted. 

410. Drills and other formations during active ser¬ 
vice, or service in the field or in camps of instruc¬ 
tion, will not be entered in the Drill Report book, 
where the duty performed has been in consequence 
of orders from the Governor. In all such cases there 
will be placed in the Drill Report book one entry for 
each tour of such duty only; this entry will show in 
detail the officers and enlisted men actually consti¬ 
tuting the present and absent at the time of leaving 
the home station, and will be signed by the officer 
who is actually in command at the time of the de¬ 
parture. 

411. The Correspondence Book and Document File 
take the place of the former Letters Sent and Letters 
Received books, and the indexes thereto, and are to 
be kept strictly in accordance with the printed in¬ 
structions forming part of the book. 




RECORDS. 


121 


Files of Orders, Etc. 

412. Each class of orders is to be kept in a sepa¬ 
rate file, arranged in order of dates, and so as to per¬ 
mit of prompt reference thereto. In the absence of 
proper binders, orders should be filed flat, protected 
by pasteboard covers at top and bottom, all held to¬ 
gether by rubber bands. On the top cover should be 
pasted a brief showing the source of the orders, 
and the year of issue; as: GENERAL ORDERS— 
WAR DEPARTMENT—1907. SPECIAL ORDERS— 
A. G. O., Ga.,—1908; etc. 

413. All orders not furnished in printed form 
should be written (or type-written) on letter size 
paper, and will be filed flat, as above described. 

414. The use of any other form of file is prohibited 
and will be promptly discontinued; all orders in 
other files will be dismounted and filed as here di¬ 
rected. 

415. Vouchers, retained returns, etc., as well as 
all letters, etc., of the Document File, will be folded 
as for briefing, and filed in pigeonholes of the field 
desk, properly briefed where necessary, each class by 
itself. 

Individual Record Sheets. 

416. Individual Record Sheets, with the Record 
of Enlistments, will be filed together, and in one of 
the following ways: 1st, as provided for orders, 
above; 2nd, in a box (of some thin but durable ma- 





122 


RECORDS. 


terial, as pasteboard or tin), of smallest convenient 
size to permit of handling contents and placing in 
the field desk; 3rd, between the covers of a book of 
suitable size, original leaves having been entirely 
removed. 

417. Every officer and enlisted man belonging (or 
attached) to any regiment or smaller unit of organ¬ 
ization must have an Individual Record Sheet, on 
which shall be recorded all facts of his military his¬ 
tory and service during each separate grade or en¬ 
listment, as required by the instructions printed on 
the form. 

418. Troop, battery, company and detachment com¬ 
manders will make the Individual Record Sheets of 
all officers and men belonging (or attached) to their 
commands, including themselves. 

419. The adjutant of each regiment or unassigned 
battalion will make and keep the Individual Record 
Sheets for all officers of the field and staff, all non¬ 
commissioned staff officers, and all attached men, of 
the regiment or battalion, unless they are attached 
to some other organization for this purpose. 

420. Officers or men whose Record Sheets should 
be kept by the adjutant but who reside away from 
headquarters and at the station of some other or¬ 
ganization of the regiment or battalion may be at¬ 
tached, for this purpose, to such local organization, 
by the regimental or battalion commander. In such 



RECORDS. 


123 


cases the Record Sheets of such persons will be kept 
by the commander of such organization. No officer 
will, however, be attached, for this purpose, to the 
command of an officer junior in rank to himself. 

421. Individual Record Sheets of General Officers, 
and Staff officers not attached to regiments, etc., will 
be kept by the Adjutant General. 

422. Individual Record Sheets, showing as they 
do all the data as to service and military history, of 
the person for whom made, through his grade or en¬ 
listment, and being also the permanent record of such 
service for file in the Adjutant General’s office, are 
of extreme importance to all concerned. The com¬ 
mander under whose supervision each is made is re¬ 
sponsible for the safety and preservation of them, as 
well as for the accuracy and veracity of these most 
important records. 

423. The Property Account, on the Individual 
Record Sheet, must in every case show all the prop¬ 
erty issued to the officer or man and for which he is 
responsible but not accountable (that is, all for which 
he does not make proper returns, under bond). No 
other property shall be shown thereon, except that, 
in the case of officers, articles of uniform or equip¬ 
ment which are their private and personal property 
shall be entered in the column prepared therefor, in 
order to show whether or not they are properly 
equipped. 



124 


RECORDS. 


424. In entering articles on the Property Account, 
the company or arsenal number of each article must 
be entered opposite its name, for purposes of identifi¬ 
cation. The issue size of each article of cjothing to 
fit the man should be ascertained by taking proper 

' measurements, and noted, in red ink, oposite the ap¬ 
propriate headings. This will greatly simplify and 
facilitate the making of proper requisitions, saving 
much labor and annoyance. Great care must be 
taken to enter the arsenal numbers of rifles and re¬ 
volvers correctly. 

425. Regimental or unassigned battalion quarter- 
masters making issues of clothing and equipment 
should, in addition to the receipts referred to in the 
next paragraph, notify the adjutant, in writing, of 
all such articles issued to each person, with date of 
issue in each case; the adjutant (or other officer to 
whom it pertains) should note the issue upon the 
proper Property Account, and procure the signature 
of the receiving person thereto. 

426. All property issued by accountable officers to 
enlisted men of whatever grade not under their per¬ 
sonal command should be receipted for (either upon 
invoice or memorandum receipt) by the officer keep¬ 
ing the man’s Individual Record Sheet, who must 
properly care for this property as he is responsible 
for its safe keeping. All such property issued to 
commissioned officers will be receipted for by them 



RECORDS. 


125 


on memorandum receipt unless they are themselves 
under tond, in which case it may be invoiced and re¬ 
ceipted for accordingly. 

427. Any changes made in the Property Account, 
due to later issues, will be initialled by the receiving 
person to indicate his knowledge of and acquiescence 
in the change made. Should this be, for any reason, 
impracticable, some sort of signed acknowledgment 
of receipt of the additional articles must be obtained 
by the officer keeping these records; and this receipt 
shall be attached, by pasting, to the original Property 
Account. For this purpose (when the issue is large 
enough to require it) a new property account may be 
made, including all articles to date, on the proper 
portion of another Record Sheet (the remainder of 
the sheet being torn off) which shall be pasted over 
the original account, which shall then be marked 
“cancelled,” in red ink. But all additional papers 
so pasted on must be so affixed as not to^prevent full 
inspection of all previous parts of the account, orig¬ 
inal or attached. 

Record of Enlistments. 

428. The Record of Enlistment sheets are to pro¬ 
vide a roll of all officers and enlisted men properly 
belonging to an organization. This is the roll to be 
used for purposes of muster or inspection, and at 
such other times as may be necessary. 



12 G 


RECORDS. 


♦ 

429. When any Individual Record Sheet is made 
out for any officer or enlisted man and placed in the 
file therebf, his name and all necessary data, as pro¬ 
vided for upon the form, will be entered upon the 
Record of Enlistments. 

430. When any officer or enlisted man ceases, for 
any reason, to belong to the organization and is 
dropped therefrom, the cause therefor will be entered 
in the proper columns opposite his name on the 
Record of Enlistments. BUT NO OTHER CHANGE 
SHALL BE MADE; that is, no name, etc. shall be 
erased, nor any line drawn through it. At the same 
time the Individual Record Sheet of the officer or 
man is taken from the file, closed up and forwarded, 
through military channels, to the Adjutant General 
for file. 

431. The Record of Enlistments is, therefore, not 
only a roll of the organization, but is also an index 
to the file of Individual Record Sheet. It must be up 
to date, and must be kept accurately. 

432. When one side is filled the other side should 
continue the record, a new sheet being added when 
necessary. Each change of grade, for an officer, or 
re-enlistment, for a man, causes a new entry on the 
Record of Enlistments, the old one being completed 
and closed. 

433. When no more than five names remain on 
a sheet, they may be transferred, in red ink, to a 




ORDERS. 


127 


new sheet (all data being properly entered as on 
original), and the old sheet withdrawn and filed 
away as a permanent company record, for future 
reference. In no case will such sheets be destroyed. 

First Sergeant’s Book. 

434. The First Sergeant’s Book is for his use at 
roll-calls, and for keeping a record of details (as a 
duty roster); in it will be entered the names of all 
enlisted men of the company, according to grade;' 
names of privates will be arranged alphabetically. 
The roll will be re-entered as frequently as may be re¬ 
quired by changes in the company or the filling of 
pages. 

ARTICLE X. 

ORDERS. 

435. A military order is the expression of the will 
of a chief conveyed to subordinates. (F. S. R.) 

436. General Orders publish matters of importance 
to the whole command, which are of permanent in¬ 
terest or are constantly to be observed. 

437. Special Orders are such as concern individ¬ 
uals, or relate to matters that need not be made 
known to the whole command. 

43S. Orders for any body of troops will be ad¬ 
dressed to its commander. They will be executed by 
the commander present, and will be published, and 
copies distributed, as may be necessary. 



128 


ORDERS. 


439. Orders and instructions will be transmitted 
through intermediate commanders, in order of rank, 
except when they are of such character that the in¬ 
termediate commanders have no power to modify 
or suspend them. In such cases the orders or in¬ 
structions will be sent direct to the officer by whom 
they are to be executed; copies are furnished to in¬ 
termediate commanders when necessary for their in¬ 
formation. 

440. All officers receiving orders must preserve 
them for future reference, and must turn them over 
to their official successors. If general orders are not 
received in regular succession, commanding officers 
will report the missing numbers to the proper head¬ 
quarters. 

441. Brigade, regimental, unassigned battalion, 
and camp commanders will furnish the Adjutant Gen¬ 
eral with copies of all orders issued by them. Es¬ 
pecial care must be taken to promptly forward copies 
of all orders issued in court-martial cases. 

442. Brigade, regimental, and unassigned battalion 
orders are designated General or Special Orders, ac¬ 
cording to their character. Orders issued by com¬ 
manders of battalions in regiment, or of companies or 
detachments, are designated merely ^s “Orders.” 

443. Four copies of general orders are sent to com¬ 
pany commanders, for disposition as follows: one 
for the company file, one for each lieutenant, and one 




ORDERS. 


129 


for posting on the bulletin board, after having been 
read to the company by an officer. 

444. A written (or printed) order will state at its 
head the source, place, and date of issue; below and 
to the left of the above will be placed its denomina¬ 
tion and number, and at its foot the name of the 
commander by whose authority it is issued; it will 
be signed by the staff officer who issues it. Company 
commanders sign all orders they issue. The head¬ 
ing of a company order will omit the word “Head¬ 
quarters,” but will give the official designation of the 
company, together with the number of its regiment 
or battalion, if assigned to either. 

445. Copies of orders or communications may be 
authenticated by any designated officer, in the fol¬ 
lowing form, to be placed in the lower left corner, 
below all signatures: 

OFFICIAL: 

(Name) .... 

(Rank and corps).. 

(Office) . 

“A true Copy,” (or “A True Extract Copy”) may 
be made by any commissioned officer; it is 
made as for an “official” copy except that the 
words “A True Copy” (or “A True Extract 
Copy”) are substituted for “official.” 






130 


MILITARY CORRESPONDENCE. 


ARTICLE XI. 

MILITARY CORRESPONDENCE. 

Note. —For further details see “Instructions for 
Conducting Correspondence and Keeping the Records, 
by the Organized Militia and Volunteer Forces. W. 
D. 1904” which is hereby made a part hereof. 


446. An official letter must refer to one subject 
only. Letters of transmittal will be used only when 
necessary, and when used must refer only to the 
matter transmitted; none are required with rolls, re¬ 
turns, requisitions, or periodical reports. Telegrams 
will be followed by official copies sent by first mail. 
(A. R.) 

447. A half-sheet of letter paper will be used for a 
communication requiring but a single page. When 
more than one page is required additional sheets may 
be used, numbered consecutively. Official communi¬ 
cations will be written only upon one side of the 
paper used. (A. R.) 

448. Letter paper will be folded in three and fools¬ 
cap in four equal folds parallel with the writipg. 
The inner or left edge of the sheet is the top when 
folded; the left fold of the outer page is the first 
fold. The first fold will be used exclusively for a 
brief analysis of the contents of the communication, 
the office marks, and note of inclosures. A letter 






MILITARY CORRESPONDENCE. 


131 


will be properly briefed at the first office at which it 
is received and entered. (A. R.) 

449. All officers must file for reference all official 
letters not required to be returned by indorsement 
thereon. 

450. Printed letter heads for regiments and com¬ 
panies will contain only the designation of the regi¬ 
ment or company, post-office address, and blank date. 
Names of officers or other persons will not be printed 
on letter heads in any branch of the military ser 
vice. 

451. Commanding officers will promptly forward 
communications received with their approval, disap¬ 
proval, or comments written thereon by indorsements, 
unless they themselves possess the authority to de¬ 
cide on the matter to which the communication re¬ 
fers, in which case they will do so, regardless of the 
address. 

452. Endorsements will be begun at the top of the 
second fold, and will be numbered serially in order 
of dates on the successive folds, leaving room after 
each for office marks. Indorsements will not be 
superimposed, but will follow each other, additional 
space being provided by pasting slips of paper on 
the under side of the last fold, each slip, when at¬ 
tached, to have the same length and width as the 
original fold, and to turn hack upon the last fold 
like the leaf of a book. The first fold, on which the 





132 


MILITARY CORRESPONDENCE. 


brief is made, is always outside. In no case will 
a loose wrapper be placed around an official paper, 
except as a mere covering. 

453. An officer will not be designated in orders, 
nor addressed in official communications, by any 
other title than that of his actual rank. (A. R.) 

454. All official correspondence should be court¬ 
eous in tone and free from any expression partaking 
of a personal nature or calculated to give offense. 
(A. R.) 

455. Officers and soldiers are prohibited from send¬ 
ing communications concerning any matter touching 
their military service, except through military chan¬ 
nels. Communications made in any other manner 
will not be regarded, but will be construed as a 
breach of military discipline. 

456. Communications are forwarded from an in¬ 
ferior to a superior and transmitted from a superior 
to an inferior. 

457. In signing an official communication, the rank 
and corps will follow the signature; when writing 
another officer’s name, the rank will precede the 
name. 

458. All communications between the Governor 
and the National Guard shall be made through and 
to the Adjutant General, who is, ex-officio, Chief of 
Staff to the Governor. 





MILITARY CORRESPONDENCE. 


133 


459. All communications on public business will be 
marked on the envelope “Official Business” and shall 
be addressed to the official position and not to the 
name of the person for whom they are intended. 
Examples: 

THE ADJUTANT GENERAL, STATE OF 
GEORGIA. 

THE ADJUTANT, 1st Infantry, N. G. of Ga, 

THE COMMANDING OFFICER, Company F, 1st 
Infantry, N. G. of Ga. 

After the address, the word “Sir” (not “Colonel,” 
“Captain,” etc.) will be used. 

460. In signing an official communication, rank 
and corps (as given in the signer’s commission) will 
follow the writer’s signature. Examples: 


Colonel, 1st Infantry, N. G. Ga. 


Captain, Co. E, 1st Infantry, N. G. Ga. 


Captain Medical Corps, N. G. Ga. 
In communications made as commander of an organ¬ 
ization (not as an individual only) the word “Com¬ 
manding” will be used also, on a line below the in¬ 
dividual rank, etc. 

461. Official correspondence between a commander 
and his junior will usually be conducted by the ad- 






134 


MILITARY CORRESPONDENCE. 


jutant of the regiment or battalion. Communica¬ 
tions from a junior intended for a regimental or bat¬ 
talion commander will, as a rule, be addressed to the 
adjutant of the regiment or battalion. 

462. All communications, whether from a subordi¬ 
nate to a superior, or vice versa, must pass through 
intermediate commanders. The same rule governs 
verbal applications; thus, a lieutenant will obtain 
the sanction of his captain before applying for indul¬ 
gence to a higher commander. 

Reports and Returns. 

463. Annual reports will be made in writing to 
the Adjutant General, not later than the 10th of 
January of each year, by the heads of all Staff De¬ 
partments and commanders of all regiments, unas¬ 
signed battalions, and separate companies. These re¬ 
ports will fully cover all work of the various depart¬ 
ments or organizations, the character and scope of 
instruction imparted, including field duty, instruction 
in camps, etc., and everything of interest relating to 
discipline, efficiency, and service for the calendar 
year ending December 31st preceding. 

Such reports also include such recommendations 
for the good of the various departments or commands 
as may, in the opinion of the reporting officer, be de¬ 
sirable. 

464. A special report will be made in writing to 
the Adjutant General by each officer in command of 




MILITARY CORRESPONDENCE. 


135 


troops on duty in the field or in aid of the civil au¬ 
thority, immediately upon completion of such duty. 
Each of these reports shall include copies of all 
orders received calling out the troops, or directing 
the performance of the duties involved, accurate field 
returns of all organizations of their commands, dates 
of service of each.organization, manner in which the 
several organizations performed their duties, etc., 
with criticisms and recommendations as may be 
necessary. Similar reports will be submitted by 
commanders of regiments, unassigned battalions, and 
separate troops, batteries and companies, participat¬ 
ing in all camps of instruction with U. S. troops. 
Such reports will be submitted immediately upon 
completion of the duty, with criticisms and reconv 
mendations as desirable. 

Small Arms Practice. 

465. Annual report of small arms practice (Tar¬ 
get Firing) will be made by each company com¬ 
mander and forwarded, not later than the 10th of 
November of each year, to the Adjutant of his regi¬ 
ment or uriassigned battalion, who will refer these 
reports, as received, to the Inspector of Small Arms 
Practice of such regiment or battalion for consolida¬ 
tion. When all have been received and consolidated 
by the Inspector of Small Arms Practice, he will for¬ 
ward his consolidated report, with the originals, di¬ 
rect to the Chief Inspector of Small Arms Practice. 




136 


MILITARY CORRESPONDENCE. 


Commanders of separate companies forward their 
reports direct to the Chief Inspector of Small Arms 
Practice. 

466. Each organization commander will submit 
separate reports, similarly made out and on the 
proper form, for Indoor and Outdoor practice to 
which it refers. If no outdoor practice was had by 
the organization, the report will nevertheless show 
the names of all members of the organization prop¬ 
erly classified, etc., as if practice had been had. 

At the End of Each Quarter. 

467. Quarterly returns will be submitted, within 
ten days after the end of each quarter, to the Ad¬ 
jutant General, by commanders of all regiments, un¬ 
assigned battalions, and separate companies, for all 
organizations of their commands; if not all have been 
received by that date, such as have been received and 
are correct will be forwarded and report made as to 
status of others, so far as known; delayed returns will 
be forwarded as soon as correctly received by the 
proper commander. 

468. Quarterly returns of bands and companies of 
regiments or unassigned battalions will be made and 
forwarded to the proper headquarters within three 
days after the end of each quarter. Every effort 
should be made to have them correct and accurate, 
so that there may be no necessity for returning them 



MILITARY CORRESPONDENCE. 


137 


for correction, which reflects upon the efficiency of 
the o*fficer signing them. 

469. Enlistment cards of all men enlisted during 
the quarter, and report of drills for the same period, 
will be forwarded in all cases with the Quarterly Re¬ 
turns. 


Miscellaneous. 

470. Within ten days after receipt of his commis¬ 
sion, every officer commissioned will submit to the 
Adjutant General a written notice accepting or de¬ 
clining such commission; in case of acceptance 
thereof, the Oath of Office will be enclosed. 

471. The Fund Report (par. 583) and all other re¬ 
turns required by orders, or, in the case of staff 
officers, by the Manuals for their respective depart¬ 
ments, must be promptly submitted as required. 

472. Copies of all reports and returns must be re¬ 
tained, by the officers submitting them, for future ref¬ 
erence. On the retained copy will be noted the date 
of forwarding the original, and to what office; no 
letters of transmittal are required with reports or 
returns. 

473. An officer accountable for public property, 
upon surrendering same will be required to render a 
final return showing disposition of the property and 
the balance, if any, remaining unaccounted for. 



138 


PAY OF OFFICERS. 


Property Returns. 

474. Annual returns of public property, with all 
vouchers thereto, will be made by all accountable 
(or bonded) officers not later than the 10th of Jan¬ 
uary of each year, for the preceding calendar year. 
General staff officers and commanders of separate 
companies will forward their property returns direct 
to the Quartermaster General. Company com¬ 
manders will forward their Property Returns to the 
Quartermaster of their regiment or unassigned bat¬ 
talion, who will examine them, returning them if 
necessary to the makers for correction, and when cor¬ 
rect will forward them direct to the Quartermaster 
General. 

475. Officers are particularly cautioned against 
bearing articles on their returns which are not act¬ 
ually in possession of their commands. But no arti¬ 
cles will be dropped from returns without specific au¬ 
thority therefor. 

ARTICLE XII. 

PAY OF OFFICERS, AND ENLISTED MEN. 

476. When on active duty for the State, under 
orders of the Governor, the daily pay of officers and 
enlisted men is fixed, by Section 75, Military Code, as 


follows: 

For Brigadier Generals.$6.00 

For Colonels. 5.00 

For Lieutenant-Colonels and Majors. 4.00 






PAY OF OFFICERS. 


139 


For Captains. 3.00 

For 1st or 2nd Lieutenants. 2.00 

For all non-commissioned staff officers. 1.50 

For 1st Sergeants. 1.50 

For all other non-commissioned officers.1.25 

For all privates. 1.00 


477. Pay of officers and members of the Naval 
Battalion is, under all circumstances, the same as for 
officers and men of the National Guard of the corre¬ 
sponding grades of rank. 

478. One day’s pay is allowed for each twenty- 
four hours, or fraction thereof, while actually on 
duty; troops holding themselves in readiness to re¬ 
ceive orders are not entitled to pay for service un¬ 
less duty is actually • performed. The first day of 
duty ends twenty-four hours after the hour of entry 
upon the duty, if more than one day’s duty is per¬ 
formed. 

479. After fifteen days’ continuous service, when 
called out on State duty, the pay and allowances of 
officers and men shall be the same as for like grades 
in the United States Army. 

480. No officer or man will be taken out on active 
duty except those specifically mentioned in the order 
therefor, nor will the number in any case be ex¬ 
ceeded. Officers make themselves liable for any ex¬ 
pense resulting from a violation hereof. 







140 


pay of officers. 


481. Each officer or enlisted man ordered on duty 
for the State which requires him to be mounted, will 
furnish a horse for his own mount, and will be paid 
a money allowance of one dollar per day as reim¬ 
bursement therefor. But no claims for mounted pay 
will be allowed by the State unless specific orders 
for the mounted duty were issued by the Adjutant 
General. 

482. Troops ordered out for ceremonies, target 
practice, or field instruction, not extending beyond 
one day, shall not be entitled to pay, unless it is so 
specified, in the order for such service, by authority 
of the Governor. 

483. The amount of any indebtedness, to the State, 
of any officer or enlisted man for military fines or 
forfeitures, or for damage to or loss of any property, 
may be deducted from any pay due said officer or en¬ 
listed man. 

484. All expenses of transportation, quarters, or 
subsistence of troops, and for transportation and for¬ 
age for horses, while on State duty are borne by the 
State, and will be paid from the Military Fund, un¬ 
less otherwise specially provided. 

Duty at Joint Encampments. 

485. Officers and enlisted men properly partici¬ 
pating in joint exercises with the Regular Army shall 
receive the same pay, subsistence and transportation 
as is provided by law for the officers and men of the 



PAY OF OFFICERS. 


141 


Regular Army, from the time they leave their home 
rendezvous, till they return thereto. In computing 
pay, no previous service of any sort is to be consid¬ 
ered. 

486. Mounted officers and enlisted men not fur¬ 
nished mounts by the State will be required to fur¬ 
nish their own horses as mounts; officers so mounted 
will be paid mounted pay; enlisted men so mounted 
will be paid as provided in Par. 481 hereof, in addi¬ 
tion to their regular pay. 

487. No enlisted man will be taken with his or¬ 
ganization to either a joint encampment with the 
Regular Army or to any State encampment unless 
such enlisted man shall have served at least six 
months immediately prior to said encampment in 
some organization of the National Guard, and shall 
have been properly instructed in “The School of the 
Soldier,” “Small Arms Firing,” and the “Manual of 
Guard Duty.” Organization commanders will be held 
to strict compliance with this requirement, and any 
expense incurred through a violation hereof will be 
placed upon the officer responsible therefor. 

Pay Rolls. 

488. Pay rolls will be furnished by the Disbursing 
Officer and will be prepared under the direct super¬ 
vision of that officer in such number as may be re¬ 
quired by the commanding officer of the organization, 




142 • 


UNIFORM, 


who will be held strictly accountable that they are 
properly prepared. 

489. The names of officers, non-commissioned offi¬ 
cers, cooks and musicians will be entered with the 
given name first, as “John P. Smith, Captain.” Pri¬ 
vates will be borne in alphabetical order and entered 
with the given name last, as “Smith, John F., Pri¬ 
vate.” 

420. The commanding officer will supervise the 
signing of pay rolls and will see that each member 
signs his name with ink exactly as on roll, with the 
exception that all members sign the roll with given 
name first, as “John P. Smith.” 

491. Payment will be made, less amounts due 
under Par. 483, in cash or its equivalent, at the time, 
or as soon after the tour of duty is performed as 
rolls can be extended and payment made. 

ARTICLE XIII. 

UNIFORM. 

492. The uniform of the National Guard and Naval 
Battalion will be that of the Army of the United 
States, as provided by the latest U. S. Army (or 
Navy) Uniform Regulations therefor, subject to 
such modifications as shall, from time to time, be 
prescribed in State General Orders. 

493. All officers and enlisted men, when on duty, 
must, wear the uniform of their proper organization, 


UNIFORM. 


143 


and exactly as prescribed. No part of the uniform 
will be worn by an officer or enlisted man when in 
civilian’s dress, nor will any feature of civilian at¬ 
tire be worn when in uniform. Coats of officers and 
enlisted men must be worn buttoned throughout. 

494. An officer must provide himself with the pre¬ 
scribed uniform within thirty days after taking the 
Oath of Office. 

495. As far as possible, shoes of uniform color and 
pattern should be worn, and must be kept well 
cleaned and polished. 

496. The hair should be short; the beard, when 
worn, to be kept short and neatly trimmed. 

497. Hats and caps will be worn evenly upon the 
head, visors directly in front; visors made to droop 
will not be turned up; campaign hat to be creased 
in center of crown, from front to rear. 

498. Service badges for members of the Guard 
are provided for by Section 89 of the Military Code. 

499. Medals or insignia for excellence in rifle prac¬ 
tice, or won in authorized contests for excellence in 
drill may be worn, by officers and enlisted men en¬ 
titled thereto, on all occasions of ceremony; they will 
be worn on the left breast, and will precede (from 
wearer’s right to left) all badges of military societies, 
and will be preceded by badges of campaigns which 
may be adopted by the War Department, 





144 


UNIFORM. 


Badges of Military Societies. 

500. Officers and enlisted men who, in their own 
right or by right of inheritance, are members of mil¬ 
itary societies of men who served in the armies and 
navies of the United States in the War of the Revolu¬ 
tion, the War of 1812, the Mexican War, the War of 
the Confederacy, or the Indian Wars of the United 
States, the Spanish-American War and the inciden¬ 
tal insurrection in the Philippines, or the China Re¬ 
lief Expedition, or are members of the Regular Army 
and Navy Union of the United States, may wear on 
all occasions of ceremony, when full dress or dress 
uniform is required, the distinctive badges adopted 
by such societies; or such other medals as may be 
authorized by proper authority. Officers and enlisted 
men who served as officers, privates, or other enlisted 
men in the Regular Army, volunteer or militia forces 
of the United States, during the War with the Con¬ 
federate States, and have been honorably discharged 
from the service, or still remain in the same, may 
wear on occasions of ceremony, when full dress or 
dress uniform is required, the distinctive army badge 
ordered for or adopted by the army corps or division, 
respectively, in which they served. Badges are to be 
worn on the left breast of the coat, suspended by a 
ribbon from a bar of metal passed through the upper 
ends and tops of the ribbons forming a horizontal 
line, the outer ends of which will be from three to 



UNIFORM. 


145 


four inches below the top of the shoulder, according 
to the height of the wearer. 

501. The badge of the Association of Military Sur¬ 
geons of the United States is authorized to be worn 
on occasions of ceremony by all medical officers ot 
the National Guard, who are members of said asso¬ 
ciation. 

502. No medal, badge, ribbon, flower, or other 
decoration than those above mentioned will be worn 
upon the uniform at any time. 

503. Insignia for excellence in small arms prac¬ 
tice shall be worn on the service uniform; all other 
badges, ribbons, etc., are to be worn only on the dress 
or full dress uniform, and on occasions of ceremony 
only, except as may be authorized by the War De¬ 
partment. 

504. All concerned must carefully inform them¬ 
selves as to the various insignia of rank of all officers 
and non-commissioned officers of all grades and arms 
of the service of the National Guard, by study of the 
Uniform regulations. 

505. The following are the devices for insignia of 
officers and warrant officers of the Naval Battalion: 

OFFICERS. On collar. 

Lieutenant-Commander: An oak leaf and foul 
anchor. 

Lieutenant, senior grade: Two bars and foul 
anchor. 



14G 


PROPERTY ACCOUNTABILITY. 


Lieutenant, junior grade: One bar and foul an¬ 
chor. 

Ensign: Foul anchor only. 

WARRANT OFFICERS. On collar. 

Master-at-Arms: A star of five rays. 

Yeoman: Crossed keys. 

Hospital Steward: Geneva Cross. 

Boatswain’s Mate: Crossed fair anchors. • 

Gunner’s Mate: Crossed guns. 

Quartermaster: Ship’s wheel. 

PETTY OFFICERS AND SEAMEN. On sleeve. 

Rating badges same as for U. S. Navy. 

ARTICLE XIV. 

PROPERTY ACCOUNTABILITY. 

In General. 

506. Accountability and responsibility devolve 
upon any person to whom public property is en¬ 
trusted and who is required to make returns there¬ 
for. 

507. Responsibility without accountability de¬ 
volves upon one to whom public property is intrusted, 
but who is not required to make returns therefor. 

508. An accountable officer is relieved from re¬ 
sponsibility for property for which he holds proper 
memorandum receipts, which may, in case of failure 
to return the property, be filed as vouchers for its 
transfer. 




PROPERTY accountability. 


147 


509. A responsible officer is not relieved from re¬ 
sponsibility of public property, whether or not he has 
given memorandum receipts therefor, until he has 
received memorandum or other receipts therefor from 
his successor in charge of it, or has been otherwise 
relieved by operation of law or orders. 

510. Upon receipt of public property by an officer, 
he will make careful examination of the packages in 
order to ascertain whether they have been damaged 
or tampered with in transportation. Unless he has 
reason to believe the contents have been tampered 
with or are defective, he will not break the original 
packages until the articles are needed for issue or 
use. 

511. If the original packages are not to be opened 
at once, the receiving officer, will compare the invoices 
and receipts with the marks on the packages, and if 
they correspond correctly he will at once date and 
sign the receipts and return them to the invoicing 
officer. 

512. Whether or not the packages are opened, re¬ 
ceipts for the contents must be promptly accom¬ 
plished and returned to the invoicing officer. In 
case of failure to receive the receipts within a reason¬ 
able time, the invoicing officer will report the facts 
to the proper commanding officer for action, and will 
file copies of all papers relating to the transaction 
with his returns. 



148 


PROPERTY ACCOUNTABILITY. 


513. When packages of supplies are opened for 
the first time, whether because of apparent defect or 
for issue, the officer responsible (or some other com¬ 
missioned officer), accompanied by two or more wit¬ 
nesses, will be present and verify the contents by 
actual weight, count or measurement, as circum¬ 
stances require; and, in case of deficiency or damage, 
he shall at once procure affidavits from all witnesses 
as to said shortage or damage with a view to sub¬ 
mitting them, with his own affidavits, to the Survey 
Officer. In case of either a surplus or a shortage, he 
should at once open correspondence with the invoic¬ 
ing officer, with a view to the correction of the er¬ 
rors. A survey will be asked for only in case of fail 
ure to amicably adjust the matter directly. 

514. No military property will be altered, issued, 
transferred, or loaned to any one in the military 
service without proper authority therefor, nor will 
it, under any circumstances, be loaned or transferred 
to persons not in the military service. 

515. Officers accountable for military property 
will issue articles of such property only to persons 
who are properly authorized to have the same in 
their possession and for their own official use only. 
In every case of issue to a commissioned officer a 
properly made out memorandum receipt, duly signed 
with the name and rank of the receiving person and 
with the date of the issue affixed, will be taken by 




PROPERTY ACCOUNTABILITY. 


149 


the accountable officer in duplicate at the time of th» 
issue, and will be used by him in case of need, as his 
voucher for transferring the responsibility therefor 
to the receiving person. 

516. Except as above, no accountable or responsi¬ 
ble officer shall, save at his own risk, transfer be¬ 
yond his own immediate control and supervision, 
any public property for which he is accountable or 
responsible, without an order from the proper au¬ 
thority, and in writing, to do so, which order shall, 
with sufficient definiteness for Survey purposes, des¬ 
ignate the property to be so transferred, the officer 
who is to become responsible therefor, and the rea¬ 
son for and period of the transfer. 

517. All military stores issued to accountable of¬ 
ficers, or purchased by them with public funds, must 
be taken up on returns, whether invoiced or not. 
Lists of arsenal numbers must be madejmmediately 
upon receipt of all rifles, revolvers, bayonets, etc., and 
thereafter retained for reference and identification 
purposes. Public property issued to the National 
Guard will be used for military purposes only, and 
the use of the same for any other purpose is strictly 
prohibited. 

Responsibility. 

518. The officer in temporary (or permanent) 
command of a company or detachment is responsible 




150 


PROPERTY ACCOUNTABILITY. 


for all public property used by or in possession of 
the command, whether he receipts for it or not. 

519. For his own protection, an officer to whom 
property is transferred as above, and who thereby 
becomes responsible therefor, should, as soon as this 
property comes into his possession, make a complete 
check thereof, in the presence of witnesses, and as¬ 
sure himself that all originally received is being re¬ 
turned, or that any shortage therein, occurring while 
in his control, is duly accounted for, with a view 
to a survey thereon if necessary. He should report 
the result of this check to the accountable officer, and 
procure a memorandum receipt or written acknowl¬ 
edgment of the return of said property as his own 
clearance. In case of failure to proceed as above, he 
will be held responsible for all property claimed to 
have been transferred under such order by the ac¬ 
countable officer. 

520. Should property be issued to a provisional 
company (aside from that brought by the separate 
detachments composing it), such property will be re¬ 
ceipted for by the commanding officer, to whom it 
will be invoiced, and who will be required to make 
return for the same. Such parts thereof as may be 
issued to the men of detachments, will, upon the re¬ 
turn of the detachments to their respective com¬ 
mands, be invoiced to the respective commanders 
concerned, who will receipt for the same and charge 



PROPERTY ACCOUNTABILITY. 


151 


upon the property accounts of the men the articles 
issued to them. 

521. Commissioned officers are authorized to pro¬ 
cure, upon proper memorandum receipts and for their 
own official use only, such articles of uniform and 
equipment as may be necessary to the proper per¬ 
formance of their duties. Company officers will ob¬ 
tain such articles from their respective company 
commanders; field and staff officers will obtain such 
articles from their regimental, or unassigned bat¬ 
talion, quartermasters. Except as above, no officer 
will be permitted to obtain such articles upon mem¬ 
orandum receipt, and no accountable officer is au¬ 
thorized to issue them. 

522. Articles issued to enlisted men will be en¬ 
tered on their respective Property Accounts (on the 
Individual Record Sheet) and the proper signature 
obtained thereto, in acknowledgment of receipt, in¬ 
stead of on memorandum receipts as for officers. 

523. Officers and enlisted men will be held 
strictly responsible for each and every item of mil¬ 
itary property issued to them. They should exercise 
every precaution to secure all property in their 
charge as, in the event of loss, theft, damage, or 
destruction, they can not be relieved from responsi¬ 
bility for any stores in any other manner than that 
covered by these regulations. 




152 


PROPERTY ACCOUNTABILITY. 


524. Any officer or enlisted man responsible for 
property, who wilfully or through neglect suffers 
such property to be lost or damaged, shall make good 
such loss or damage, and in addition thereto shall, 
at the option of the Governor, be brought to trial be¬ 
fore a general court-martial, or shall be ordered be¬ 
fore a retiring board, or have his commission sum¬ 
marily cancelled. 

525. All articles issued to officers or enlisted men 
as part of their personal equipment will be marked 
with a company number and, where practicable, with 
the company stencil also. (See “Marking of Prop¬ 
erty”.) The number of each article, as above, will 
be notea opposite the article on the memorandum 
receipt or on the Property Account, so as to permit of 
the identification of each article, should that ques¬ 
tion arise at any time. Arms, etc., having manu¬ 
facture numbers already upon them, will not be other¬ 
wise stencilled or numbered, but will be issued by 
those numbers, which will be entered as above re¬ 
quired on memorandum receipts and Property Ac¬ 
counts. Shelter tent poles and pins need not be 
marked as above. 

526. In issuing articles of personal equipment, 
each officer or enlisted man should be assigned a 
company number, and the following articles should 
bear that number and no other; viz.: haversack, can¬ 
teen, cartridge belt, shelter half, blanket and poncho. 



PROPERTY ACCOUNTABILITY. 


153 


This will procure uniform appearance at inspections, 
etc., and also facilitate identification. 

527. The property responsibility of a company or 
detachment commander cannot be transferred to any 
enlisted man or men. It is his duty to attend per¬ 
sonally to its security, and to superintend issues him¬ 
self or cause them to be superintended by a com¬ 
missioned officer; he will not entrust the keys of 
store-rooms or chests to any one without great vigi¬ 
lance on his own part, and he will resort to every 
reasonable precaution, including frequent personal 
inspections, to prevent loss or damage. 

528. Each company commander should, at least 
once during each quarter, make, in person or through 
the non-commissioned officers in charge of squads, 
a complete check of all property issued to the men 
of his company. All articles found short or damaged 
must be settled for at once, by payment therefor by 
the man responsible, unless the company commander 
is clearly of the opinion, after careful investigation 
of each case, that the man should not be held respon¬ 
sible therefor. In this case affidavits will be pro¬ 
cured and a survey asked for at once. 

529. Failure to properly ascertain such losses and 
require prompt settlement therefor is gross neglect 
of duty on the part of the commander, and will ren¬ 
der him liable to discipline accordingly. Moreover, 
as it becomes more difficult, as time passes, to pro- 




154 


PROPERTY ACCOUNTABILITY. 


cure the definite evidence necessary to clear him of 
responsibility for such loss or damage, his failure 
will probably cause the commander to be held finan¬ 
cially accountable for the loss so incurred. 

530. A regimental or unassigned battalion com¬ 
mander in permanent or temporary command of a 
post or station is responsible for the security of all 
public property of his command, at his station, 
whether in use or in store, and, although for pur¬ 
poses of periodical accountability it may all have 
been officially receipted for by subordinate officers, 
the commanding officer is nevertheless responsible 
and pecuniarily liable with them for the strict ob¬ 
servance of the regulations in regard to its preserva¬ 
tion, use, and issue. He will take care that all store¬ 
houses are properly secure, that only reliable agents 
are employed, and only trustworthy enlisted men 
are detailed for duty in them or in connection with 
property. He should exercise the same precautions 
as to organizations of his command not at his own 
station, through instruction and such inspections as 
may be practicable. 

Officers Under Bond. 

531. All officers accountable for military property 
are required (under the provisions of Section 73, 
Military Code of Georgia, 1905), to give bond for 
the safe-keeping, proper use, and prompt return, of 
such property. Such bond shall ordinarily be signed 



PROPERTY ACCOUNTABILITY. 


155 


by one of the surety companies authorized by law 
to do business in this State, and shall be as follows: 

For all quartermasters and surgeons, $1,000.00 
each. 

For commanders of companies of infantry, coast 
artillery, and divisions of the Naval Militia, 
$2,000.00 each. 

For commanders of troops of cavalry, $3,000.00 
each. 

For commanders of field batteries and Signal 
Corps companies, $5,000.00 each. 

532. Personal bonds may be accepted, where of¬ 
ficers elect to furnish them, but they must be ac¬ 
companied by a certificate, under seal, from the or¬ 
dinary of the county in which the officer resides, to 
the effect that the bond is ample and solvent. 

533. Bonds will be given by the following officers: 
for companies, by the company commander; for field, 
staff, and band, by the regimental (or unassigned 
battalion) quartermasters; for the Medical Depart¬ 
ment and Hospital Corps, by the Surgeon; for mil¬ 
itary schools, by the president or principal thereof; 
Officers of the general staff departments will give 
bond, and will receipt for all property issued to them. 

534. Issues by regimental (or unassigned battal¬ 
ion) quartermasters to field, staff, and band, should 
be on duplicate memorandum receipts, but will re¬ 
main on the bond of the accountable officer, who 





156 


PROPERTY ACCOUNTABILITY. 


will include all such articles on his returns. Mem¬ 
orandum receipts for the equipment of non-commis¬ 
sioned staff officers, bandsmen, etc., should be given 
by the officers to whom the men are assigned for 
duty. But no such officer shall be promoted, retired, 
discharged or permitted to resign, without a certifi¬ 
cate from the proper quartermaster that his property 
account has been properly settled and closed, which 
certificate shall accompany the Individual Record 
Sheet when forwarded to the Adjutant General, Re¬ 
ceipts given by enlisted men are not, legally, mem¬ 
orandum receipts; commissioned officers only can give 
the latter. 

535. Under the provisions of Section 73 of the 
Military Code, the bonds for accountable officers 
must ba submitted without delay and in all cases 
within sixty days after such officer enters upon his 
command, or is notified to file the bond. The bond 
must be accompanied by the receipt for the property 
and funds for which the officer becomes accountable, 
and which forms a part of said bond. Failure of the 
former accountable or responsible officer to turn over 
and invoice the property to his successor does not 
relieve the officer entering upon the command from 
the responsibility of making an inventory of all 
property in the possession of the organization, and 
filing his bond and receipt for the actual amounts on 
hand, leaving any discrepancies to be accounted for 
by his predecessor. In case of failure to comply with 



property accountability. 


157 


these requirements, the penalty prescribed by tfte 
above-mentioned Section of the Military Code will 
stand enforced. 

Surveys of Military Property. 

536. When any military property has been lost, 
stolen, damaged, or destroyed, or has been rendere 1 
unserviceable through causes other than ordinary in¬ 
cidents of the service, the responsible officer will 
promptly submit each case of loss or damage for the 
action of the State Survey officer, who, when possible, 
will carefully examine the damaged stores. 

537. The following classification of the causes of 
damage to, and loss or destruction of, military prop¬ 
erty will govern: 

1. Unavoidable causes, being those over which 
the responsible officer has no control, occur¬ 
ring (a) in the ordinary course of service, 
as “fair wear and tear”, or (b) by accident 
or destruction without fault or neglect of 
the responsible officer or any other person. 

2. Avoidable causes, being those due to care¬ 
lessness or neglect of the responsible officer 
or some other person. 

538. Property which has become unsuitable 
through change of regulations, or unserviceable, will 
be displayed for the action of the Surveying Officer, 
who will carefully inspect each article and fully sat¬ 
isfy himself that all unserviceable property has be- 




158 


PROPERTY ACCOUNTABILITY. 


come so through ordinary incidents of the service, or 
otherwise, and will direct the disposition of the 
property so acted upon. 

539. The examination of unserviceable or unsuit¬ 
able property shall be made at least once annually, 
preferably at the annual inspection, and the pro¬ 
ceedings of the Surveying Officer shall show in de¬ 
tail, opposite each article, in what respect the article 
is unserviceable or unsuitrble; and, in the case of 
any articles rendered unserviceable through causes 
other than the ordinary incidents of the service, the 
Surveying Officer will further investigate and report 
the causes thereof, making the result of such inves¬ 
tigation a part of his report. 

540. An officer responsible or accountable for 
property lost or destroyed will carefully investigate 
all the circumstances attending such loss or destruc¬ 
tion, and in no case will submit the same for the ac¬ 
tion of a Survey Officer unless it shall clearly appear 
that, in his opinion, such loss or destruction was not 
the result of any carelessness or neglect on the part 
of any one whomsoever, and that reasonable effort 
has been made to find and recover such property. 

541. The Surveying Officer will fully investigate 
all matters submitted to him, calling for all evidence 
obtainable, and not limiting himself to proofs or 
statements presented by parties interested. He 
should rigidly scrutinize the evidence, especially in 




PROPERTY ACCOUNTABILITY. 


159 


cases of alleged theft or embezzlement, and not recom¬ 
mend relief of officers or soldiers from responsibility 
unless fully satisfied that those charged with the 
care of the property have performed their whole duty 
in regard to it; hearing in person or by affidavit all 
persons concerned in the matter before him. When 
rifles or revolvers are lost, it must be shown by the 
report of the Surveying Officer that every possible 
precaution was taken for their safe-keeping. If it 
shall appear that the loss or destruction was due to 
carelessness or neglect, or that the loss could have 
been avoided by exercise of reasonable care, the 
money value of the property will be charged against 
the responsible officer. 

542. Officers who have submitted for survey the 
loss or damage to military property, will not be re¬ 
lieved from responsibility or accountability there¬ 
for until notified by the Quartermaster General that 
the action of the Survey Officer has authorized such 
relief, that it has been approved by the Governor, and 
that such property may accordingly be dropped. 

543. The recommendation of the Surveying Offi¬ 
cer, when approved by the Governor, shall be final 
as regards responsibility of officers and men for such 
property, irrespective of any subsequent action by the 
reviewing authorities. 

Affidavits. 

544. The officer responsible or accountable for lost 
or destroyed property will, in all cases, furnish the 




1G0 


PROPERTY ACCOUNTABILITY. 


original affidavits (three copies of each), upon which 
he relies to relieve him from responsibility therefor, 
which affidavits., to be of any value, must be prop¬ 
erly made out and duly attested. Affidavits may be 
sworn to and subscribed before any military officer, 
duly commissioned, of the National Guard. 

545. Affidavits couched in general terms only are 
absolutely worthless. All facts must be recited in 
detail; such as, the articles lost (on each occasion), 
the date, place, and manner of loss; in whose posses¬ 
sion at the time, and the authority for such posses¬ 
sion; the efforts made to recover such articles, and 
cause of failure; names of other persons having 
knowledge of the facts in this case, etc. 

546. In each case submitted, affidavits must be ob¬ 
tained (in triplicate) from the officer responsible 
or accountable (if not the same officer, then of both), 
of the officer or man having possession or charge of 
the property at the time, and of at least two disinter¬ 
ested witnesses having knowledge of the circum¬ 
stances of said loss. 

547. In addition to the above, separate sets of 
affidavits must be submitted for each class of prop¬ 
erty; namely, ordnance, quartermaster, signal corps, 
medical, etc. 

Expendable Property. 

548. Only such stores can be expended as are listed 
on the abstract of expenditure, and these only in such 




PROPERTY ACCOUNTABILITY. 


161 


quantities as the necessities of the case may reason¬ 
ably warrant. An abstract will be prepared to cover 
the various quantities expended, and the purpose 
for which they were expended will be stated in the 
proper column. The abstract of expenditure is in¬ 
tended to cover only such quantities of the various 
articles as have been actually consumed or expended 
for authorized purposes in the military service dur¬ 
ing the period of accountability. It is not, therefore, 
intended to cover the dropping of articles which are 
on hand, merely because they are expendable, nor 
of expendable articles which may be lost or destroyed. 
The responsible officer must acquaint himself with 
the facts as to the expenditure or consumption before 
signing the abstract. When expendable articles are 
lost or destroyed, the property will be accounted for 
as in the case of loss or destruction of property not 
expendable. 

Requisitions for Property. 

549. Timely requisition should be made for all 
necessary supplies, the need for which should be 
foreseen in order that they may, if possible, be ob¬ 
tained before actually needed for use. 

550. Requisition for supplies will be made on the 
blank forms provided for that purpose. 

In making requisition for clothing, great care must 
be exercised in giving the sizes needed, in order that 
the issue may serve to the greatest advantage. Mea- 



162 


PROPERTY ACCOUNTABILITY. 


surements must be taken of the men who actually 
need the clothing, instead of calling for an assorted 
issue and taking the chances of fitting the men. 

551. Requisitions should be made in duplicate, one 
copy being forwarded direct to the Quartermaster 
General, the other being retained. The requisition 
should be forwarded at least sixty days in advance 
of the time needed for use. 

Transferring Property. 

552. Officers will not ship stores to the arsenal 
nor transfer them to other officers unless specifically 
authorized to do so, and by proper authority. All 
shipments will be plainly marked with the name and 
address of the officer to whom the shipment is made, 
and also with the name of the sender. A list of the 
contents of each case should be fastened to the inside 
of the cover, and also on the outside of the case. 

Payment for Property. 

553. Any pay due by the State to any officer or 
soldier for military service shall be subject to stop¬ 
page for payment of loss or damage to public prop¬ 
erty issued to them for military use. 

Use of Public Property. 

554. All property issued by the State will be kept 
in the armories, and will be used only in and for the 
performance of military duty according to law. 



PROPERTY ACCOUNTABILITY. 


163 


555. No military property will be altered, issued, 
transferred, or loaned to any one in the military ser¬ 
vice without proper orders therefor; nor will such 
property, in any case, be loaned or transferred to any 
person not in the service of the State. 

556. Each responsible officer must keep an accu¬ 
rate record of all property for which he is respon¬ 
sible, so that he may know the whereabouts of each 
article thereof at all times. Accountable officers 
should have all property not in the store-rooms prop 
erly recorded on memorandum receipts or Individual 
Record Sheets kept by them, so that all may be fully 
accounted for. 

557. All military property must be kept in con¬ 
dition for immediate use when needed. 

Care of Public Property. 

558. Officers and non-commissioned officers will be 
held strictly accountable for the preservation and 
safe-keeping of all stores issued to them, and all 
damage to clothing or equipment due to carelessness 
or lack of proper precaution on the part of the re¬ 
sponsible officer or non-commissioned officer will be 
charged against his account. This shall cover dam¬ 
age by moths, dampness, dust, rust, improper uses, 
neglect, wilfulness, etc. 

559. Every officer or enlisted man responsible for 
public property will endeavor by timely repairs to 
keep it in serviceable condition. 



164 


PROPERTY ACCOUNTABILITY. 


560. Such clothing and equipment as is not kept 
in the individual lockers of the soldiers must be care¬ 
fully packed in suitable cases or chests. All cloth¬ 
ing and equipment should be rendered thoroughly 
clean and wholesome before being packed, as woolen 
or cotton materials that have been stored away while 
in a dirty or filthy condition soon become moth- 
infested and breeders of disease, and are speedily 
rendered entirely unfit for further service. Blankets 
or any woolen material will be packed in cases that 
have been lined with tar paper, and moth balls and 
tobacco should be generously distributed among the 
contents of the case while same is being packed. All 
clothing and equipment must be thoroughly aired and 
dried before being stored, and cases containing woolen 
materials will be opened and their contents thor¬ 
oughly aired at least once a month, in order to guard 
against the intrusion of moths or vermin. 

561. The proper use of tar paper, moth balls, to¬ 
bacco, etc., will usually prevent damage by moths, 
but, while they act as a preventative, when moths 
once gain access into a chest of clothing or equip¬ 
ment, it is impossible to exterminate them by merely 
distributing some of the above articles among the 
contents of the chest. Prompt action is essential in 
a case of this kind. The chest should be emptied at 
once and subjected to a thorough cleaning and to 
direct sunlight and air. Its contents should be care¬ 
fully brushed and allowed to hang out in the air 



PROPERTY ACCOUNTABILITY. 


165 


and sunlight for at least a day. The chest may then 
be lined with tar paper and its contents replaced in 
the manner described id the foregoing paragraph. 

562. The greatest vigilance should be exercised at 
all times to guard stored clothing and equipment 
against the action of moths, mice and rats. The 
former danger may be averted by a strict observance 
of these paragraphs, but the danger of damage by 
rats and mice is ever present, and responsible offi¬ 
cers and non-commissioned officers should, by care¬ 
ful and frequent examinations of chests, insure them¬ 
selves against damage from any source. 

563. Responsible officers must make frequent ex¬ 
aminations of the property kept in lockers to satisfy 
themselves that same is being properly cared for. 
Lockers will be kept in orderly condition and in no 
case should clothing or rags be allowed to lie on the 
shelves or bottom of the lockers. Every precaution 
should be taken to guard the property kept in lock¬ 
ers from damage by rats, mice and moths. If the 
latter appear, the lockers should be emptied at once 
and all clothing, etc., carefully cleaned and brushed 
and subjected to the direct sunlight and air. The 
lockers should also be thoroughly cleaned and aired 
and sprinkled with some good disinfectant. Atten¬ 
tion is directed to the fact that if proper precautions 
are taken no trouble will be experienced from moths 
in clothing or equipment, either stored in chests or 




166 


PROPERTY ACCOUNTABILITY. 


kept in lockers, but when this pest once gains a 
footing, it can only be expelled by the exercise of 
the most rigid and vigorous means. 

Care of Field Ranges, Utensils, etc. 

564. New utensils should be cleaned before they 
are used. 

A new iron pot should have a handful of sweet 
hay or grass boiled in it, then be scrubbed with sand 
and soap; afterwards clean water should be boiled 
in it for half an hour. 

A new tin should be filled with boiling water in 
which has been dissolved a spoonful of soda, and 
placed over the fire to simmer. Afterwards it should 
be scoured with soap and rinsed with hot water. 
The soda renders soluble the resin used in soldering. 
Tins can be kept clean by rubbing them gently with 
wood ashes. 

After being thoroughly washed in very hot soap¬ 
suds and wiped dry, tin vessels should be set on the 
top of the stove a few moments, and then vigorously 
scoured for a few minutes, with dry flour rubbed on 
with a wad of newspaper crumpled and softened. 

In this way tinware may be kept free from rust and 
almost as bright and glistening as silver, care being 
taken that it is never put away damp, and that it is 
kept in a dry place. 

A coffee or spice mill can be cleansed by grinding 
a handful of raw rice in it. The particles of spice, 



PROPERTY ACCOUNTABILITY. 


1G7 


pepper, or coffee will not adhere after the rice is 
ground through the mill. 

A copper stew pan or vessel can be cleansed with 
fine sand and salt, half the quantity of salt to that 
of sand; rub it thoroughly with the hand or brush. 
If there are many stains, an old lemon (or vinegar) 
may be used to remove them. 

In washing any greasy utensils, it is best, if pos¬ 
sible, to use the hand instead of flannel or rags, as 
they retain the grease, and so keep putting it on 
again, instead of scrubbing it off. 

All utensils after being used should at once be filled 
with' hot water and set over the fire to scald thor¬ 
oughly, and before being set away should be cleaned 
and dried. Grease remaining in a vessel will make 
it rancid, and moisture will rust it. 

Before being used for cooking purposes, all utensils 
should be thoroughly clean. 

All utensils should, if possible, be exposed to the 
sun daily. The practice of keeping them in cupboards 
until absolutely needed for use should be discouraged. 

Knives and forks (unless plated) should be cleaned 
with brick and flannel; if rusty, rub with a fresh- 
cut potato dipped in ashes. 

Plate or plated articles can usually be kept clean 
and bright by washing them with soap and boiling 
water, and rubbing dry while hot with soft cloths. 
In case of bone, ivory, or wooden handles, care must 




168 


PROPERTY ACCOUNTABILITY. 


be taken that they are never placed in hot water, 
which will crack the bone or dissolve the cement 
which joins them. 

565. In digging the trench for the field range, care 
must be taken to have the trench 6 to 8 inches nar¬ 
rower than, the width of the range, and from 10 to 
12 inches in depth. This will give the required foun¬ 
dation, improve the draft, save fuel, and add ma¬ 
terially to serviceability. These instructions will, 
therefore, be closely followed whenever the trench is 
used. If the trench is made too wide, sagging and, 
finally, warping of the range will result. Care should 
also be taken to preserve an even temperature and 
prevent overheating, which softens the parts exposed 
to the fire and causes them to warp. The fire should 
be kept clean, and the bed of coals should not extend 
above the top of the oven plate. Slight raking at 
frequent intervals serves to keep the fire in good con¬ 
dition. Keep the ash pit free from ashes, which, if 
allowed to accumulate, will check the draft and cause 
the grate to fuse and become useless. Keep the draft 
flues clean by tipping the range on end and lightly 
tapping the plates and bottom with a piece of wood. 
Remove the soot at the opening provided for that 
purpose. The pipe should also be frequently cleaned. 

566. Meat cans should be washed and thoroughly 
dried before being stored away or placed in lockers. 
Before using canteens, they should be scalded with 
boiling water in which soda has been dissolved, and 



PROPERTY ACCOUNTABILITY. 


169 


after close of tour of duty, they should again be 
subjected to the same treatment, being left uncorked 
when stored away or being placed in lockers. 

Cleaning and Care of Arms and Equipment. 

567. Arms and equipment having been distributed 
to the men, duly fitted under supervision of an offi¬ 
cer, and marked with proper numbers, the men will 
not be allowed to exchange among themselves, but 
will each keep the articles assigned to him and will 
be held responsible for their condition. 

568. The following regulations which are provided 
for in paragraphs 287, 288 and 289, Army Regulations 
of 1908, and in a letter of instruction by the Chief 
of Ordnance will be strictly obeyed: 

Par. 287, Army Regulations. Enlisted men will not 
take their arms apart except by permission of a com¬ 
missioned officer under proper supervision, and only 
in the manner prescribed in the descriptive pam¬ 
phlet of the arm issued by the ordnance department. 
The polishing of blued or browned parts of small 
arms, rebluing or rebrowning, putting any portion 
of an arm in the fire, or removing a receiver from a 
barrel, is prohibited. The mutilation of any part 
by filing or otherwise, and attempts to beautify or 
change the finish, are prohibited. 

Pieces will be unloaded before being taken to quar¬ 
ters or tents, and as soon as the men using them are 
relieved from duty, unless otherwise ordered. The 





170 


PROPERTY ACCOUNTABILITY. 


use of tompions in small arms is forbidden. The pro¬ 
hibition in this paragraph of attempts to beautify 
or change the finish of arms in the hands of enlisted 
men is not construed as forbidding the application 
of raw linseed oil to the wood parts of the arms. 
This oil is considered necessary for the preservation 
of the wood, and it may be used for such polishing 
as can be given by rubbing in one or more coats 
when necessary. The use of raw linseed oil only will 
be allowed for redressing, and the application for 
such purpose of any kind of wax or varnish, includ¬ 
ing heelball, is strictly prohibited. 

Par. 288, Army Regulations. It is forbidden to use, 
any dressing or polishing material on the leather 
accouterments or equipments of the soldier, the horse 
equipments for cavalry, or the artillery harness, ex¬ 
cept the preparations supplied by the Ordnance De¬ 
partment for that purpose. 

Par. 289, Army Regulations. Equipments will be 
fitted to the men under the direction of an oflicer; 
all other changes are prohibited. 

Letter of Chief of Ordnance (Extracts). 

The foregoing paragraphs from Army Regulations 
of 1908 which pertain to the care of arms and equip¬ 
ments will be strictly enforced by the Governor of 
the State, as being necessary for preserving the ma¬ 
terial in condition for use upon necessity, which is 
the object of their supply. 



PROPERTY ACCOUNTABILITY. 


171 


It will be noted that these paragraphs prohibit: 

(a) The taking apart of arms by enlisted men ex¬ 
cept by permission of a commissioned officer, and 
then only under the proper supervision and in the 
manner prescribed in the descriptive pamphlet of 
the arm issued by the Ordnance Department. 

(b) The polishing of blued or browned parts, 
the rebluing or rebrowning of such parts, or the 
putting of any portion of an arm in the fire. 

(c) The removing of a barrel from a receiver. 

(d) The mutilation of any part by filing or other¬ 
wise, and beautifying and changing the finish. 

(e) The use of any dressing or polishing material 
on leather accouterments, equipments, harness, etc., 
except the preparations supplied by the Ordnance 
Department. 

(f) All changes in equipments except the adjust¬ 
ments provided for in their construction for fitting 
them, to soldiers. 

It should be noted that Par. 287, Army Regula¬ 
tions, 1908, makes obligatory a strict compliance with 
the rules for dismounting and assembling the arm 
by soldiers, for cleaning and care of the arm, and 
for repair-arms in the hands of troops, contained in 
the descriptive pamphlet issued by the Ordnance De¬ 
partment. 

As the arms and equipments in the possession of 
the Militia form a large part of the entire supply 







172 


PROPERTY ACCOUNTABILITY. 


of the United States and as only a strict observance 
of the provisions of the above-mentioned paragraphs 
can ensure such material being in a serviceable con¬ 
dition in case of emergency, the necessity for their 
enforcement is apparent. 

Should defects be discovered in arms, accouter¬ 
ments or equipments, a report describing in detail 
the nature and extent thereof should be submitted- to 
the Chief of Ordnance, U. S. Army, and only those 
remedial measures taken that shall be authorized 
or prescribed by that officer. Broken parts of arms, 
etc., should not be turned in to this Department for 
any purpose by officers of the Militia direct, but 
under proper authority, by the Governor or Adju¬ 
tant General of the State or Territory to which the 
arms, etc., are issued. When broken bolts or other 
parts of U. S. arms are turned in to this Depart¬ 
ment, because of unusual breakage, as full informa¬ 
tion of the circumstances of the breakage as possible 
should be forwarded. Care should be taken in such 
cases to preserve the broken surfaces from rust. 

Attention is invited to the laws which provide 
for the issue of material “for arming and equipping 
the militia,” in the several States, Territories, and 
the District of Columbia. No part of the arms and 
equipments so issued should be turned over by the 
authorities of any State, Territory, or District of 
Columbia to private individuals, educational institu- 



PROPERTY ACCOUNTABILITY. 


173 


tions, independent military organizations, societies, 
corporations, or other organizations not a part of 
the organized militia. 

569. For the proper care of property, excepting 
rifles, at home station, each enlisted man should be 
furnished with a locker for his use in which he can 
keep clothing and equipment issued to him. The 
locker should be so constructed that it can be se¬ 
curely locked (the man to have a key and the com¬ 
manding officer to have a duplicate key), and be 
light and airy. Lockers and storerooms should be 
perfectly dry, well lighted and ventilated. The cloth- 
, ing and equipment issued to a man should be hung 
up; the dress and khaki coats on hangers; the trou¬ 
sers by a hanger from the bottom of the legs keep¬ 
ing the creases straight; shirts to be hung on hang¬ 
ers; dress caps to be kept in pasteboard box on 
shelf; campaign hat on shelf; no clothing or equip¬ 
ment to be allowed to lie on bottom of the lockers. 
The locker must be kept clean; all woolen clothing 
must be thoroughly brushed and dusted at least once 
a month and the khaki clothing laundered whenever 
necessary. 

570. For the proper care of the property at per¬ 
manent camps a squad chest should be provided in 
which extra clothing and toilet articles of all the 
members of the squad should be carried and to which 
each man should have a key. 





174 


PROPERTY ACCOUNTABILITY. 


571. Each company will be issued rifle arm-racks 
in which the rifles will be kept, unless the company 
has previously provided lockers for arm-racks in 
which they can be securely locked against any pos¬ 
sible theft. The rifles will be kept in a room which 
is perfectly dry so as to prevent rust. 

Placing arms forcibly in a rack or stacking them 
carelessly will frequently crook the barrel, particu¬ 
larly at the muzzle, which is the thinnest part, and 
thus render accurate shooting impossible. For the 
same reason, bending or denting of the barrel must 
be avoided, as well as bending or blunting of the 
front sight. 

572. The chamber should be kept clean; if rusty 
and dirty, a cartridge shell will not be easily inserted, 
and after a discharge it may be difficult to extract 
an empty shell. The shell of an exploded cartridge 
should not be allowed to remain in the chamber any 
length of time for fear it may adhere by corrosion. 
A piece should be carefully cleaned and wiped out 
after firing. 

573. Care must be taken that the rear sight is free 
from rust and clodded dirt; otherwise, it can not be 
readily adjusted. 

574. At camps, rifles, bayonets and bayonet scab¬ 
bards, should never be allowed to remain in the open 
during the evening or early morning, so that they 
will be exposed to the dampness of the dew. Should 




PROPERTY ACCOUNTABILITY. 


175 


the rifles, bayonets or bayonet scabbards become wet 
or damp, they must be thoroughly dried, cleaned and 
re-oiled as soon as the men reach quarters, and the 
company commander will be held strictly account¬ 
able that they are so taken care of. Rifles should 
be thoroughly cleaned immediately after having been 
fired, whether ball or blank cartridges are used. 
Rifles, bayonets or bayonet scabbards will never be 
used for any purpose whatever except drill and small 
arms practice. The practice of using rifles to drive 
stakes, pry off lids, open boxes or using same for a 
seat, is strictly prohibited, and commanding officers 
will be held responsible that they are not so used. 

Reserve Ammunition. 

575. As reserve ammunition for active service in 
the aid of civil authority, each company of infantry, 
cavalry, coast artillery and naval militia will keep 
on hand not less than twelve hundred rounds of 
ball and six hundred rounds of guard cartridges, Cal. 
30. Batteries of light artillery, machine gun detach¬ 
ment and divisions of naval militia, will likewise 
keep on hand not less \han twenty-five rounds of am¬ 
munition per company for field and Hotchkiss guns, 
and not less than one thousand rounds for each ma¬ 
chine and rapid-fire gun of rifle caliber. 

This ammunition will be securely kept in sealed 
cases, properly labeled, and under no circumstances 
will the seal be broken except for the purpose of riot 



176 


PROPERTY ACCOUNTABILITY. 


duty. After every tour of riot duty the commanding 
officer will check in all ammunition not fired in the 
discharge of duty and replace all cartridges fired so 
that there will always be a full supply of reserve 
ammunition on hand. Company commanders will he 
held personally responsible, on bond, for the use of 
the reserve ammunition for any other purpose than 
riot duty. Commanding officers of all grades and in¬ 
specting officers will rigidly enforce the requirements 
of this paragraph. 

Marking of Public Property. 

576. All articles of public property which do not 
bear, as a part thereof, a manufacture number (such 
as is upon rifles, revolvers, etc.) will, where the size 
permits, be marked with the stencil of the organi¬ 
zation as provided by the Quartermaster General. 
All articles of personal equipment for officers or en¬ 
listed men will also be marked with a company 
number. 

577. These stencils shall be as follows: 

For Infantry, crossed rifles. 

For Cavalry, crossed sabres. 

For Artillery (Coast or Field), crossed cannon. 

For Signal Corps, crossed flags. 

In each case the number of the regiment (or 
unassigned battalion, squadron, battery, etc.) 
will appear above, and the letter of the com¬ 
pany below the intersection; at the left of the 




PROPERTY ACCOUNTABILITY. 


177 


intersection will appear the letters N. O., and 
at the right the letters Ga. Stencils for regi¬ 
mental or battalion quartermasters will bear, 
below the intersection and in place of the 
company letter, the letters H. Q. 

578. All designs will be stenciled in black (or 
white), and will be placed as follows: 

On haversacks and canteens, above the U. S. and 
so as not to touch or cover those letters. 

On cartridge belts, inside, and at the middle of 
the belt. 

On campaign hats, inside the crown. 

On blouses, coats, and overcoats, inside, in front 
of right hip; overcoat capes, in center of back. 

On trousers or breeches, inside, on right side of 
waistband. 

On leggins, inside at back. 

On shelter tent half, in the right angle corner 
at top, so that, when rolled up with buttons in¬ 
side, the mark will show outside at end of roll. 

On blankets, above U. S. in center of blanket. 

On bedsack, in center. 

On poncho, in center, near opening. 

On hospital, conical wall, wall, and common tents, 
just above center of door, on outside of tent. 

On tent flies and paulins, in corner of under side. 

When black would not be distinguishable because 
of dark color of article marked, white may be 
used instead. 



178 


MONEY ACCOUNTABILITY. 


579. Articles already stenciled will not be re-sten¬ 
ciled; all hereafter received unstenciled will be sten¬ 
ciled as above directed. 

ARTICLE XV. 

MONEY ACCOUNTABILITY. 

General. 

580. All moneys received by the State from ap¬ 
propriations made by the United States for the Or¬ 
ganized Militia, will be received and disbursed by the 
State Disbursing Officer under and in accordance with 
the Regulations for the Organized Militia. 

581. The State Military Fund is provided for by 
Section G6, Military Code; it is disbursed, upon proper 
vouchers, by the Adjutant General, who is also the 
auditor for all accounts payable from such Fund. 

Funds of Organizations. 

582. The State is in no wise responsible for any 
debts of any military organization, nor for payment 
of any of the routine expenses thereof, while at its 
home station; failure to properly conduct its financial 
affairs may be made a cause of complaint to the 
proper military authorities, and the basis of disci¬ 
plinary action as to individuals involved or as to the 
organization as a whole; in all other respects the 
care of its financial responsibilities is left wholly 
to the organization itself. 




MONEY ACCOUNTABILITY. 


.179 


583. Each organization will provide itself with a 
Treasurer and Finance Committee to receive, dis¬ 
burse, and audit its funds and accounts, and shall 
make its own rules and procedure for so doing, ex¬ 
cept that all moneys received from all sources shall 
be taken up on one fund only in each organization* 
for which a Fund Book shall be kept (see Par. 402)* 
and that a monthly statement of all receipts and ex¬ 
penditures and of the state of the fund (duly authen¬ 
ticated by the proper officials) shall be made and 
posted on the bulletin board of the organization as 
soon as practicable after the end of each calendar 
month, for the information of all the members 
thereof. Such statement shall be kept on the bulle¬ 
tin board until the following one is made and posted. 

A copy of this statement, properly signed and ac¬ 
companied by original vouchers for all expenditures, 
shall also be forwarded to the Adjutant General on 
or before the tenth of each month. 

584. Organizations are authorized to receive 
money by donations, from social or athletic enter¬ 
tainments, from their resources as corporations, from 
fines under their By-Laws, etc. 

585. Each company is authorized (Sec. 81, Mili¬ 
tary Code) to have, not to exceed thirty “Special 
Pay Members” who, upon paying a sum of money, as 
prescribed by said company, not less than $25.00 per 
annum, to said company, shall be exempt from jury 





180 


MONEY ACCOUNTABILITY. 


duty, road duty, and street tax, so long as such mem¬ 
bership is continued. A corrected list of Pay Mem¬ 
bers must be kept filed' with the clerks of the courts 
of the counties in which the company is stationed. 

586. Under Sec. 77, Military Code, the following 
monthly allowance will be made for the payment of 


armory rent and incidental expenses: 

To Brigade Headquarters .$ 5.00 

To Regimental Headquarters . 12.50 

To Unassigned Battalion Headquarters. 6.25 

To each company, etc. 15.00 


This allowance may be expended for rental, fuel, 
lights, water, repairs, and janitor hire, for armories, 
office supplies, stationery, postage, clerk hire, etc., 
or any other proper expenditure for purely military 
purposes. 

587. To entitle a company to its allowance for 
“armory rent” for a quarter, it must have had in 
each month thereof at least one drill of one and one- 
half hours’ duration, at which not less than 66% 
per cent, of the total enlisted strength must have 
been present, as shown by its “Drill Report.” “Ar¬ 
mory Rent” allowance may also be withheld or for¬ 
feited due to failure on the part of the company or 
other commanders to promptly make and forward 
the required reports and returns, or to reply to offi¬ 
cial communications addressed to them. 







MONEY ACCOUNTABILITY. 


181 


588. At the end of each quarter, the commanding 
officer of each company will promptly forward to 
the Adjutant of his regiment (or unassigned Bat¬ 
talion) his “drill reports” for the quarter, together 
with his “company return,” and for those entitled 
to armory rent, the Rent Voucher, properly certified 
to and receipted. Companies not assigned to regi¬ 
ments or battalions forward their reports direct to 
the Adjutant General. 

589. Upon receipt of the “drill report” and “re¬ 
turns,” the Adjutant will check them over, and re¬ 
turn them for correction, if necessary; when correct, 
he will enter them upon his consolidated “return” 
in duplicate, one copy to be retained, the other to be 
forwarded, when completed, to the Adjutant General. 

590. Upon the 10th of the month following the end 
of a quarter, regimental or other commanders will 
forward to the Adjutant General all “drill reports” 
and “returns” correctly received to that date, with 
a letter showing why, so far as known, the others, if 
any, are not also forwarded. Thereafter all such re¬ 
ports and returns will be forwarded as soon as cor¬ 
rectly received and entered upon the consolidated 
return. This will insure prompt payment to organi¬ 
zations promptly submitting their reports and re¬ 
turns, without delay through fault of others. 

591. Checks for payment of “armory rent” allow¬ 
ance will be forwarded by the Adjutant General di- 



182 


SMALL ARMS PRACTICE. 


rect to company and other commanders concerned, 
who will return the receipts therefor to the Adjutant 
General direct. 


ARTICLE XVI. 

SMALL ARMS PRACTICE. 

Outdoor Practice—(Special Course “C”). 

592. Special Course “C,” as laid down in the Fir¬ 
ing Regulations, edition of 1906, and prescribed for 
the use of the organized militia of the United States, 
and as may be changed and amended hereafter, will 
be followed by the troops of this State. Only those 
scores fired during the practice season, April 1st to 
October 31st, inclusive, can be counted for record. 

Those Required to Fire. 

593. All company officers and all enlisted men be¬ 
longing to a company at any time during the practice 
season, between April 1st and October 31st, will be 
required to fire if practicable. 

Exemptions. 

594. Field and Staff Officers, and Bands, are 'per¬ 
mitted but not required to fire. The non-commis¬ 
sioned staff and enlisted men belonging to the medi¬ 
cal department will not fire, and neither arms nor 
ammunition will be issued to them. 



SMALL ARMS PRACTICE. 


183 


Ammunition. 

595. The annual allowance of ammunition will be 
based upon the company figure of merit for the pre¬ 
vious year as follows: 

ROUNDS 

Companies with a Figure of Merit of 15 or less. .1200 
Companies with a Figure of Merit of 30 or less, 

and more than 15 .2400 

Companies with a Figure of Merit of 45 or less, 

and more than 30 .3600 

Companies with a Figure of Merit of 60 or less, 

and more than 45 .4800 

Companies with a Figure of Merit of 75 or less, 

and more than 60 . 6000 

Companies with a Figure of Merit of 90 or less, 

and more than 75 .7200 

Companies with a Figure of Merit of 90 or more.8400 
New companies on securing satisfactory ranges 

will be issued.1200 

There will be no further issue of ball cartridges 
to companies which report “No Range,” “No Firing,” 
or which failed to report the previous year, or to 
new companies, until their commanding officers cer¬ 
tify to the Chief Inspector of Small Arms Practice 
that they have secured and equipped a suitable range, 
and are prepared to proceed with the required firing. 
Upon the approval of such certificate by the Chief 
Inspector of Small Arms Practice, 1200 rounds will 
be issued such companies. 









184 


SMALL ARMS PRACTICE. 


596. Should any company establish by a prelimin¬ 
ary report, at any time during the outdoor practice 
season but prior to October 1st, that it has increased 
its figure of merit to such a degree as would have en¬ 
titled it to an increased allowance of ammunition, its 
allowance for that season will be increased to the ex¬ 
tent shown by the above table, and the increase will 
be immediately available. 

Said report should be mailed direct to the Adju¬ 
tant General. 

597. Each company will be issued the number of 
rifle ball cartridges that the records and reports 
show it is entitled to, at or prior to the opening 
of the practice season each year, upon filing requi¬ 
sition therefor. 

Each company will at all times keep 600 rounds 
of guard cartridges and 1200 rounds of ball cartridges 
in reserve for riot duty. 

Field and Staff Officers, and the non-commissioned 
staff, will be made such an allowance of rifle ammu¬ 
nition as they can reasonably use, but only when 
requisition is made therefor. 

Limited issues of blank rifle ammunition will be 
made from time to time, but only upon requisition. 

598. The allowance of ball cartridges for revolvers 
will be 200 rounds per annum for each officer and 
soldier armed with that weapon, and will be issued 
at or prior to the opening of the season each year 



SMALL ARMS PRACTICE. 


185 


upon requisition. When this allowance has once 
been drawn, no further issue will be made, unless 
the annual reports show that it has been expended 
in practice. 

Special Regulations. 

599. No man shall be permitted to fire at longer 
ranges until he has made 40 per cent, of the possible 
score at the next preceding range that season, com¬ 
mencing at two hundred yards. 

600. Failure to instruct 50 per cent, of the total 
strength of the company in firing at 200 yards each 
season will be considered as falling below the stand¬ 
ard of efficiency required. 

601. Company commanders may make such addi¬ 
tional regulations, not inconsistent herewith, as they 
may deem necessary or the local conditions may re¬ 
quire. 

602. Commanding officers are held responsible for 
the instruction of their commands in the use of their 
weapons. 

603. Each shot fired with State ammunition must 
be carefully entered upon a score sheet, or in a book 
kept for that purpose. These scores will be preserved 
until the opening of the next practice season. 

604. An officer or enlisted man qualifying as ex¬ 
pert rifleman enters the next succeeding regular prac¬ 
tice season with the assumed qualification of sharp¬ 
shooter and is required to take the expert rifleman’s 



186 


SMALL ARMS PRACTICE. 


test only. Similarly, an officer or enlisted man, quali¬ 
fied as sharpshooter, enters the next succeeding prac¬ 
tice season with the assumed qualification of marks¬ 
man and is not required to take the marksman’s 
course. 

605. Hold-over classifications should be counted in 
computing the figure of merit of organizations in the 
same manner as those attained by actual practice 
on the range. 

Supplies Furnished. 

606. The following supplies are furnished by the 

State and will be issued upon receipt of the proper 
requisition: Firing Regulations for Small Arms, 

edition 1906; rifle ball cartridges, Cal. 30; rifle blank 
cartridges; A, B, C, G, F and K paper targets; cloth 
covers for target frames; marking disks; brass clean¬ 
ing rods; white and black pasters. 

All requisitions for the above articles must be sent 
direct to the Quartermaster General. 

Reports. 

607. Promptly at the close of the Practice Season 
on October 31st, each company commander will make, 
upon blanks furnished by the State, his Report of the 
Record Firing of his command, commencing with the 
name of the person making the highest aggregate 
score, and so on in consecutive order, without re¬ 
gard to rank. 



SMALL ARMS PRACTICE. 


187 


The years of qualification will be stated when the 
soldier is entitled to a date bar. 

608. Every officer and enlisted man who has be¬ 
longed to the company at any time during the prac¬ 
tice season from April 1st to October 31st must be 
named and accounted for on the annual report of 
Small Arms Firing. 

609. The “Total number classified” must equal the 
total numbers of officers and men who have been en¬ 
rolled as members of the company during the Prac¬ 
tice Season, less the number discharged and re-en¬ 
listed in (or promoted to) other organizations who 
will be classified with the latter. Officers and en¬ 
listed men who fired during the current season, who 
are out of the service on October 31st, will be credited 
to the organization of which they were last members. 

610. If the Report is not mailed to the Assistant 
Inspector of Small Arms Practice on duty with the 
regiment, on or before November tenth, the company 
will be considered “Delinquent,” and its commander 
will be liable to disciplinary measures. 

611. A Report is required whether firing has been 
conducted or not. All reports should be made in 
duplicate; one copy to be retained for the company 
records. 

Scores of Field, Staff and Non-Commissioned Staff. 

612. Scores of casuals, Field, Staff and Non-Com¬ 
missioned Staff will be reported to the Assistant 



188 


SMALL ARMS PRACTICE. 


Inspector of Small Arms Practice on duty with the 
regiment, by the company commander at the station 
at which the scores were made. A separate blank 
will be used by the company commander for these 
reports. While it is the duty of the company com¬ 
mander to make the report of this firing, the officers 
and enlisted men interested must see that he is fur¬ 
nished the necessary data from which to make the 
reports. These scores will be consolidated upon a 
company blank by the Assistant Inspector on duty 
with the regiment, and credited to the organization 
of which the officer or soldier is a member on Oc¬ 
tober 31st. 

Regimental Consolidated Report. 

613. The Regimental Inspectors will prepare a con¬ 
solidated report of the regiment.in duplicate; one 
copy with the company reports to be sent direct, not 
later than November 10th, to the Chief Inspector of 
Small Arms Practice, and one copy to be retained. 
Each copy will be accompanied by a list giving the 
names, rank, organization, and total scores of all 
experts, sharpshooters and marksmen, the number 
of qualifications of each man in his class, and the 
years of qualification where they are entitled to date 
bars, arranged in consecutive order commencing with 
the highest score. 

State Report. 

614. The Chief Inspector will prepare a consoli¬ 
dated report of all the troops, in triplicate; one copy, 




SMALL AEMS PRACTICE. 


189 


together with a copy of the lists and regimental re¬ 
ports, will he forwarded to the Adjutant General of 
the State, for publication in orders; one copy to the 
Adjutant General of the State to be forwarded to 
the Adjutant General, War Department, not later 
than November 20th; one copy to be retained. 

Duties of Assistant Inspectors. 

615. All Assistant Inspectors are expected to ver¬ 
ify the reports passing through their hands, and to 
make corrections where necessary and practicable. 

Any errors, omissions, or failures to comply with 
the regulations will he noted on the company reports, 
and the necessary corrections made in red ink. Upon 
the return of the report from the Chief Inspector s 
office, regimental Inspectors will call the attention 
of the company commanders to the errors noted, with 
a view to their correction in future reports. 

616. All reports will be accompanied by such ob¬ 
servations and recommendations as the maker may 
deem necessary or proper. 

617. As promptness is one of the chief military 
virtues, no officer will delay his report for an in¬ 
ferior. It is the duty of the commanding officers to 
see that soldiers are not deprived of the decorations 
they have won, by the failure of the proper officer to 
forward their reports on the date specified. 

The regular channel for orders, reports and corre¬ 
spondence relating to Small Arms Practice is through 



190 


SMALL ARMS PRACTICE. 


the Chief Inspector, but Assistant Inspectors will fur¬ 
nish copies of important matter to the commanding 
•officer of the organization to which they belong. 

618. All reports and copies required in these regu¬ 
lations are the property of the State, and will be 
turned over to their successors by the officers having 
them in charge. 

619. All Assistant Inspectors are expected to keep 
in touch with all the organizations under their super¬ 
vision, and to be thoroughly familiar with the Small 
Arms Firing Regulations. By careful study and prac¬ 
tical experience they should fit themselves to become 
instructors in the art of military shooting. They 
will, by personal inspections and examinations of the 
regular reports, score sheets and record books, ob¬ 
serve and report, to their commanding officers and 
the Chief Inspector, upon the distribution within the 
companies and the annual expenditure of the ammu¬ 
nition allowance, the methods of conducting the fir¬ 
ing, the results attained, and the character, safety 
and conveniences of the home ranges of each organi¬ 
zation. 

Pistol Course. 

620. This course is divided into three classes, viz.: 
Marksman, sharpshooter, and expert. Target “A” 
(8 inch Bullseye) is used. 

021. Course for qualification as marksman and as 
sharpshooter: 



SMALL ARMS PRACTICE. 


191 


At 15 yards: 2 scores, rapid Are, 10 Seconds to 
each score of 5 shots. 

At 25 yards: 2 scores, rapid fire, 10 seconds to 
each score of 5 shots. 

At 25 yards: 2 scores, timed fire, 30 seconds to 
each score of 5 shots. 

At 50 yards: 2 scores, slow fire, 1 minute to 
each shot, 5 shots to each score. 

Necessary for qualification as marksman: Sixty- 
five per cent, of possible score, or 130 out of 200 
points. Necessary for qualification as sharpshooter: 
Eighty per cent, of possible score, or 160 out of 200 
points. 

622. The following is the course for qualification 
as expert (open to sharpshooters only): 

At 15 yards: 2 scores, rapid fire, 8 seconds to 
each score of 5 shots. 

At 25 yards: 2 scores, rapid fire, .8 seconds to 
each score of 5 shots. 

At 25 yards: 2 scores, timed fire, 20 seconds to 
each score of 5 shots. 

At 50 yards: 2 scores, timed fire, 20 seconds to 
each score of 5 shots. 

At 75 yards: 2 scores, slow fire, 26 seconds to 
each shot, 5 shots to each score. 

Necessary for qualification as expert: Eighty per 
cent, of possible score, or 200 out of 250 points. 

623. The Report of pistol firing will be made as 
for rifle firing, and, if only officers of the company 



192 


SMALL ARMS PRACTICE. 


fire, at the bottom of that report. Organizations in 
which all men are armed with revolvers will make 
separate reports, similar to the reports for rifle 
firing. 

624. Those who qualify in the course for pistol 
practice as provided for the militia by the War De¬ 
partment in the grade of “pistol marksman,” “pistol 
sharpshooter,” and “pistol expert,” will be entitled 
to wear insignia indicating the qualification attained. 

Indoor Rifle Practice. 

625. The course for Indoor Rifle Practice shall be 
the same as for Course “C” of Outdoor Practice with 
the same rules and regulations governing, when prac¬ 
ticable, except that the time for rapid fire and for 
the two last halts in skirmish fire will be increased 
from 50 seconds time limit, and the skirmisher will 
be placed in marching “quick-time,” and then caused 
to execute “double-time,” halting at a firing point 
50 feet from the targets, and, by the same commands 
as given in the Firing Regulations, will proceed with 
his firing. All firing to be executed at a point 50 
feet from the targets. 

626. The Winder Improved Armory Target and 
the Springfield Gallery Practice Rifle, Cal. 22, or 
the Winchester Musket, Cal. 22, are adopted for use 
for Indoor Rifle Practice, and the targets, together 
with ammunition, will be furnished by the State. 





SMALL ARMS PRACTICE. 


193 


627. The indoor practice season will begin No¬ 
vember 1st and close March 31st of each year, and 
Report thereof will be made as required for out¬ 
door practice (see par. 466). 

628. Those who have not qualified as marksman 
or better on the gallery range will not be permitted 
to fire on the outdoor ranges. Practice may be had 
on the gallery range at any time to qualify the soldier 
for outdoor practice. 

629. For the standing and kneeling positions, 200 
and 300 yards paper targets, respectively, will be 
used, and for the prone position, 500 and 600, 800 and 
1000 yards targets. Distance of target from the firing 
point is 50 feet, which will be strictly observed. 

630. Practice will be conducted by the organized 
squads of the company, under an officer or non-com¬ 
missioned officer capable of imparting proper instruc¬ 
tions. Company Commanders will so arrange that 
each squad shall have its regular night for prac¬ 
tice, without the interference of any of the other 
squads or members. Matches between squads should 
be encouraged, as they will increase the interest of 
the men in their practice. 

Restrictions in Use of Ammunition. 

631. The issue of ammunition is for the use of the 
members of the company only; any use of same by 
outside parties is strictly forbidden. Company com- 



194 


FIELD SERVICE. 


manders will be held responsible for compliance with 
this regulation. 


ARTICLE XVII. 

FIELD SERVICE. 

In General. 

Note. —For further details of service in the field 
under various conditions, attention is directed to the 
provisions of the “Field Service Regulations, U. S. 
Army,” the latest edition of which, with its amend¬ 
ments, is hereby made a part of these Regulations, 
so far as applicable. 


632. Under the provisions of Section 55 of the 
Military Code, each troop, battery or company, not 
specially excused by the Governor, is required to par¬ 
ticipate for five days, at least, annually, in practice 
marches or camps of instruction. 

633. On account of the valuable instruction ob¬ 
tainable from duty in the field, as well as because 
of its value as physical exercise and in arousing in¬ 
terest in the men, all commanders are urged not to 
limit themselves to the amount of field duty required 
above, but to take advantage of every opportunity 
to make marches, both by day and night, to go into 
camp, and to solve such field problems as the size 
of their available commands may permit. 




FIELD SERVICE. 


195 


Marching. 

634. Marching forms the basis of all field opera¬ 
tions, and success depends largely upon its reliable 
execution. 

635. Unseasoned troops suffer severely on the 
march. The most important factors in maintaining 
and enhancing the marching efficiency of troops are 
strict discipline on the march and in camp, good 
food properly prepared and served at suitable hours, 
avoidance of excesses in eating and drinking, hygienic 
clothing, and care of the feet of the men and of the 
hoofs and backs of the animals. Subordinate officers 
will therefore have the men and animals of their 
units under constant observation, and make frequent 
inspections and inquiries with a view of immediate 
application of suitable remedies, at halts or in camps. 

636. When practicable, an officer is sent ahead to 
make arrangements for camp sites, grazing, fuel and 
water; and, when necessary, supplies of forage and 
rations are deposited along the route or are arranged 
for in advance. 

637. Commanding officers, of whatever rank, are 
enjoined not to increase the fatigue of troops by 
prolonged waiting under arms before the start. 

638. The rate of marching of a mixed command is 
regulated by that of the foot troops—about 2 y 2 miles 
an hour, including halts. It is of great importance 
that a uniform rate be maintained throughout the 




196 


FIELD SERVICE. 


column. The officer who sets the pace at the head of 
the column should bear in mind that the units in 
rear are at a disadvantage, and that an irregular 
pace tends to produce alternate checking and hurry¬ 
ing, which is destructive of the condition and temper 
of the troops. 

639. The length of the average march for infantry 
and for mixed commands consisting partly of foot 
troops is 15 miles a day, with a day of rest at least 
once a week. 

640. With large bodies of troops, the average rate 
of progress, during operations, will not exceed 10 
miles per day. 

Field artillery marches 15 to 20 miles a day. 

Cavalry, after men and horses are hardened, march 
about 25 miles a day. 

Wagon trains move at about the same rate as 
infantry. 

641. As soon as the head of the column takes the 
road, the commander orders the “route step.” After 
marching half to three-fourth of an hour, the troops 
should be halted for 15 minutes to allow the men to 
relieve themselves and to adjust clothing and accou¬ 
terments. After the first halt, there should be a halt 
of ten minutes every hour—that is, the troops march 
50 minutes, then halt 10. This may be modified ac¬ 
cording to circumstances, halts being longer and more 
frequent in very hot weather. 







FIELD SERVICE. 


197 


642. It is the duty of all officers and non-commis¬ 
sioned officers to prevent straggling. No man is al¬ 
lowed to leave the ranks without permission of his 
company or higher commander; if the absence be 
for a few minutes only, the man will leave his rifle 
with the company. 

643. On the march, the company commander goes 
where his presence may be necessary; his usual 
place is at the head of the company, but he should 
occasionally allow it to march past him, in order to 
observe the condition of the men. When more than 
one officer is present with a troop or company, one 
of them is required to march at the rear of the or¬ 
ganization. 

644. One of the greatest sources of hardship for 
troops on the march, especially for Infantry, is hot 
weather. The best way to counteract its effect and 
prevent heat stroke is found in the proper use of 
drinking water. Excessive drinking of water is in¬ 
jurious; its consumption is largely only a matter of 
habit. Under ordinary conditions a canteen of water 
should last a man a whole day. Many men do not 
drink at all during marching hours. All soldiers 
should be trained to an economical use of water, and 
to keep a small reserve until an opportunity comes to 
replenish the supply; officers should set a good ex¬ 
ample in this respect. 

645. As a rule no honors are rendered by troops 
on the march. Individual officers and soldiers sa- 



198 


FIELD SERVICE. 


ulte only when they have business with commissioned 
superiors or are addressed by them. 

646. Forced marches should be resorted to in un¬ 
avoidable oases only, as they greatly increase the 
sick list. 

647. As the column approaches its destination, all 
arrangements should be completed for putting the 
command into camp without delay or confusion. 

648. When selection is not restricted,, each camp 
site should fulfill the following conditions: 

The ground should be large enough to accommodate 
the command without crowding. 

The water supply should be abundant, of good qual¬ 
ity, and conveniently accessible. 

The drainage should be so good that, after a rain- 
there will be no stagnant pools within three hundred 
yards of the camp. The crest of a low ridge with 
gentle slopes is favorable for drainage. 

• There should be good roads to the camp, and good 
facilities for communication within it. On account 
of the dust and noise, it is not desirable to place a 
camp on or near a main road. Wood, grass, forage 
and supplies must be had at hand or easily obtainable. 

649. Old camp grounds and the vicinity of ceme¬ 
teries should be avoided for camps. Marshy ground 
and the neighborhood of stagnant water are objec¬ 
tionable on account of the damp atmosphere and the 



field service. 


199 


annoyance and infection of mosquitoes. The ground 
near the foot of a hill range nearly always has a 
damp subsoil, remains muddy for a long time, and 
is not suited for camp purposes unless separated from 
higher ground by a ravine. Thick forests, dense vege¬ 
tation, made ground, alluvial soil, punch bowl depres¬ 
sions, inclosed ravines, and dry beds of streams 
should be avoided. 

Camping. 

Note. —For further details see Pars. 562-586, U. S. 
Drill Regulations, 1904, which are hereby made a 
part hereof. 

650. Upon arrival in camp the commander will at 
once designate places for drawing' the drinking and' 
cooking water, for watering animals, for bathing, and 
for washing clothing. The first should be highest up 
stream, and the others in the order named. Guards 
will at once be placed to prevent pollution of water, 
and to enforce proper use of the water supply. 

651. Latrines should be constructed as soon as 
tools are available. They will, in all cases, be located 
on the opposite side of the camp from the kitchens. 
They should be near the companies and so placed that 
drainage or overflow can not pollute the water supply. 

652. For detailed instructions as to pitching and 
striking tents, see Pai;s. 570-8. Inf. Drill Regulations, 
1904, which are hereby made a part hereof. 




200 


FIELD SERVICE. 


653. Officers must insist upon scrupulous cleanli¬ 
ness of cooking utensils and mess tables. The cooks 
will be required to be clean in their persons, and neat 
in appearance, and the grounds about the kitchens 
and messing places will at all times be kept free from 
refuse and filth of any kind. In permanent camps, 
wire screens should be provided to protect all food 
from flies. 

Sanitation of Camps. 

654. A Medical Officer should be detailed to make 
daily inspections of the sanitation of the camp, and 
to report to the commanding officer the condition of 
all kitchens and latrines, the quality and prepara¬ 
tion of the food, general police of the camp, cleanli¬ 
ness and health of the command, etc. At least one 
Medical officer should be in camp at all times, ready 
to respond in case of emergency. 

655. Each company commander will inspect his 
tents, kitchens, and latrines once each day, and per¬ 
sonally see that they are cared for properly and all 
orders relating thereto are properly carried out. 

656. Galvanized iron cans for drinking water 
should be furnished each kitchen, and should be kept 
tightly covered at all times when not actually in use. 

Two garbage cans—one for liquid, the other for 
solid matter—should be furnished for each kitchen 
and kept tightly closed when not actually in use. 
These cans should be emptied twice daily, and the 
ground about them kept properly policed. 



FIELD SERVICE. 


201 


657. Buckets or similar receptacles should be 
placed in each company stree<, at night for use as 
urinals until reveille, and then emptied into the lat¬ 
rines and thoroughly cleaned. 

658. No scraps of food or waste matter of any kind 
should be thrown on the ground or concealed in or 
around tents or tent floors. All unused contents of 
meat cans and tin cups should be emptied into the 
proper garbage cans, and all articles of the mess kit 
carefully washed, after each meal, in hot water pro¬ 
vided for that purpose in some receptacle at the 
kitchen or mess table. 

659. Regimental and battalion commanders are en¬ 
joined to enforce the strictest compliance with these 
rules and to punish all offenders, in order that the 
camp ground may be kept free from all disease¬ 
breeding contamination. 

660. Upon return of an organization to its home 
station from an encampment or tour of field duty, all 
arms, equipments, clothing and equipage will im¬ 
mediately be thoroughly cleaned, carefully inspected, 
and put into serviceable condition. Straps of equip¬ 
ments will be washed and dressed with leather oil; 
haversacks cleaned inside and out, being washed if 
necessary; canteens thoroughly washed out with sal- 
soda water, and new corks and chains supplied if 
necessary; tin cups, meat cans, knives, forks, spoons, 
will be washed, scoured and thoroughly dried before 



202 


FIELD SERVICE. 


being put away. Dirty or greasy cartridge belts will 
be washed. All tentage should be thoroughly dried, 
carefully inspected and put in thorough repair, ah 
missing parts being replaced. Field range should be 
carefully cleaned to remove all soot and ashes, all 
utensils thoroughly cleaned, scoured and dried, and 
nested in the oven. The range should be coated with 
asphaltum to prevent rusting. 

Administration of State Camps. 

661. The camp is constituted a military post, and 
will be conducted, so far as practicable, in accordance 
with the rules governing military posts, in the U. 
S. Army Regulations. 

6C2. The Post commanders will prescribe in orders 
the hours for the duties to be performed; the mili¬ 
tary exercises to be executed and practiced in camp 
will be of a strictly practical nature; no reviews 
will be authorized except by orders from the Adjutant 
General’s office. 

663. All commands will be required to give par¬ 
ticular attention to such schools of instruction as can 
not be carried out at their respective stations—ex¬ 
tended order exercises, outpost and picket duty, ad 
vanced guard duty, schools for the practical instruc 
tion of officers and non-commissioned officers. 

664. Passes to be absent from camp will not be 
granted in such numbers or for such times as to 
interfere with practical work and instruction. 




FIELD SERVICE. 


203 


665. Persons not connected with the administra¬ 
tion of the camp, or not belonging to an organiza 
tion in camp, will not be permitted in camp after 
“call to quarters.” 

666. The sale of spirituous liquors, wines, ale or 
beer, within the limits of the camp site, or in one 
mile thereof, is strictly prohibited. (See Section 82, 
Military Code.) 

667. Fireworks, illuminations, and other out-of¬ 
place performances will not be permitted. 

668. Daily morning reports will be kept by com¬ 
pany commanders and by the post surgeon, and con¬ 
solidated morning reports at regimental, unassigned 
battalion, and post headquarters. 

These reports will show the condition of the sev¬ 
eral commands at the time they are rendered; the 
remarks on said reports are to explain all the altera¬ 
tions, by name, which have occurred since the last 
daily report. 

669. In addition to the above reports, the follow¬ 
ing records will be kept: 

Orders and communications emanating from post 
headquarters. 

Guard reports, by each guard. 

Sick reports, by company and other commanders. 

Surgeon’s morning report, by the Post Surgeon. 

Register and prescription book by Post Surgeon. 



204 


FIELD SERVICE. 


Reports. 

670. Upon completion of a tour of field duty, the 
commanding officer will make the special report to 
the Adjutant General, required by Par. 464. 



Appendix A. 

STATE OF GEORGIA, 

Adjutant General’s Office. 

Atlanta, August 24, 1907. 

GENERAL ORDERS, NO. 11. 

The following Act of the General Assembly is 
published for the information and government of all 
concerned: 

“An Act to Conform the Organization and Discipline 
of the Organized Militia of this State to the re¬ 
quirements of the Act of Congress entitled, ‘An 
Act to Promote the Efficiency of the Militia, and 
for Other Purposes,’ approved January 21, 1903, 
and in pursuance thereof, to repeal an Act of the 
General Assembly of this State, entitled ‘An Act to 
confer on the Senior Colonel of the Line in the 
Georgia State Troops the Rank and Title of Brevet 
Brigadier General, and- for Other Purposes,’ ap¬ 
proved August 11, 1904; and to repeal Section 15 of 
an Act of the General Assembly of this State en¬ 
titled ‘An Act to reorganize the Military Forces of 
this State, to adopt and make of force a Military 
Code, to provide penalties for the violation there¬ 
of; to repeal all laws referring to the Military 


20G 


APPENDIX. 


Forces not herein reenacted; and for Other Pur¬ 
poses/ approved August 22, 1905, and for Other 
Purposes.” 

Section 1 . Be it enacted by the General Assembly 
of the State of Georgia, and it is hereby enacted by 
authority of the same, that the National Guard of 
the State shall consist of such persons as may be 
commissioned or enlisted therein, and such general 
officers as the strength thereof may warrant; an ad¬ 
jutant general s department, an inspector general’s 
department, a judge advocate’s department, a quar¬ 
termaster s department, a subsistence department, a 
medical department, a hospital corps, a pay depart¬ 
ment, a corps of engineers, an ordnance department, 
and a signal corps. 

The National Guard shall be organized into a di¬ 
vision, brigades, regiments, battalions, squadrons, 
troops, batteries, companies and signal corps, in ac¬ 
cordance with its strength as legally authorized from 
time to time, and in conformity with the organiza¬ 
tion which is now or may hereafter be prescribed 
for the Regular and Volunteer Armies of the United 
States; provided, however, that the Governor shall 
have the power to alter, divide, annex, consolidate, 
disband or reorganize the same and create new or¬ 
ganizations therein whenever in his judgment the 
efficiency of the militia forces will be thereby in¬ 
creased; and provided, further, that he shall have 
the power, at any time, to change the organization 




APPENDIX 


207 


of staff departments, regiments, battalions, squad¬ 
rons, troops, batteries, companies and signal corps, 
so as to conform to any organization, system of drill 
or instruction now or hereafter adopted for the 
Army of the United States, and for that purpose 
the number of officers and enlisted men of any grade 
in staff departments, regiments, battalions, squad¬ 
rons, troops, batteries, companies, and signal corps, 
may be increased or decreased to the extent made 
necessary by any such change or organization or 
system. 

Sec. 2. Be it further enacted by the authority 
aforesaid, That the military staff of the Governor 
shall consist of one Adjutant General and one Quar¬ 
termaster General, who shall each have the rank of 
Brigadier General; one Aide-de-Camp, who shall have 
the rank of Colonel; and twenty-nine Aides-de-Camp, 
who shall have the rank of Lieutenant Colonel, to be 
appointed or detailed by the Governor, and no per¬ 
son shall be eligible to such appointment or detail 
unless he shall have served in the Confederate Army, 
or not less than five years in the United States Army, 
or unless he shall be a retired officer or veteran 
member of the National Guard of Georgia or an 
active member thereof who has served not less than 
five years; and such assistants to the Adjutant Gen¬ 
eral and to the Quartermaster General as in the dis¬ 
cretion of the Governor may be necessary; all of 




208 


APPENDIX. 


which officers, except Aides-de-Cainp, sjhall be ap¬ 
pointed or detailed by the Governor from the offi¬ 
cers of the National Guard of Georgia; and when 
serving by detail, they shall have all the rights and 
privileges of the increased rank, but shall not for¬ 
feit their regular commissions in the National Guard; 
all such officers being subject to the examination 
now provided by law and such officers to hold office 
during the pleasure of the Governor but their com¬ 
missions shall expire with the term of office of the 
Governor appointing them. 

Sec. 3. Be it further enacted by the authority 
aforesaid, That the Adjutant General shall be at the 
head of the Military Department of the State and 
subordinate only to the Governor in matters per¬ 
taining to said department. He shall give his whole 
time and attention to the office and shall receive a 
salary of $3,000 per annum, to be paid out of the 
Military Fund. He shall perform such duties as per¬ 
tain to the office of Adjutant General as from time 
to time may be provided by the laws, rules and regu¬ 
lations for the government of the U. S. Army and 
such duties as may be designated by the Governor. 
He shall have such commissioned assistants and such 
necessary clerks and employees as in the discretion 
of the Governor may be required from time to time, 
and they shall perform such duties as may be re¬ 
quired of them by the Adjutant General. 




APPENDIX. 


209 


Sec. 4. Be it further enacted by the authority 
aforesaid, That the Quartermaster General shall at¬ 
tend to the care, preservation, safe keeping and re¬ 
pairing of the arms, ordnance, accoutrements, and 
equipment and all other military property belonging 
to this State or issued to the State by the Govern¬ 
ment of the United States, and shall be responsible 
therefor. He shall perform such duties as pertain to 
the office of Quartermaster General as from time to 
time may be provided by the laws, rules and regula¬ 
tions made for the Government of the U. S. Army 
and as may be prescribed by the Governor. He shall 
be entitled to such commissioned assistants and such 
necessary clerks and employees as may be required 
from time to time, in the discretion of the Governor, 
and they shall perform such duties as may be re¬ 
quired of them by the Quartermaster General. 

Sec. 5. Be it further enacted by the authority 
aforesaid, that the organization of the Staff Depart¬ 
ments of the National Guard of Georgia shall be as 
follows: 

The Adjutant General’s Department. 

This department shall consist of the commissioned 
officers of proper grades necessary to perform the 
duties of the Adjutant General on the staff of the 
brigades and of the division. 

The Medical Department. 

This department shall consist of the officers of the 
proper grades necessary to perform the duties of sur- 



210 


APPENDIX. 


geons on the staff of brigades and of the division; 
of the surgeons and assistant surgeons filling those 
positions in the regiments; of the additional medical 
officers necessary to be assigned to separate battal¬ 
ions, squadrons, companies, troops and batteries; and 
of the medical officers necessary for the organiza¬ 
tion of such ambulance companies and field hospitals 
as may be deemed necessary; and of the hospital 
corps. 

Other Staff Departments. 

The Inspector General’s Department, the Judge Ad¬ 
vocate General’s Department, the Quartermaster 
General’s Department, the Subsistence Department, 
the Pay Department, the Corps of Engineers, the 
Ordnance Department, and the Signal Corps shall 
each consist of the officers of the proper grades neces¬ 
sary to perform the indicated staff and other duties 
prescribed. 

The Governor shall have the power to prescribe 
by order the number and grade of officers in all 
staff departments and to assign them such duties as 
he may prescribe; but in all organizations of the 
line and staff, the various grades must conform to 
those of the Regular Army of the United Elates. 

Sec. 6. Be it further enacted by the authority 
aforesaid, That the Act of the General Assembly of 
the State of Georgia, entitled: “An Act to confer on 
the Senior Colonel of the Line in the Georgia State 



APPENDIX. 


211 


Troops the rank and title of Brevet Brigadier Gene¬ 
ral, and for Other Purposes,” approved August 11, 
1904, be and the same is hereby repealed. 

Sec. 7. Be it further enacted by the authority 
aforesaid, That section 15 of the Act of the General 
Assembly entitled: “An Act to Reorganize the Mili¬ 
tary Forces of this State, to adopt and make of force 
a Military Code, and to provide penalties for the vio¬ 
lation thereof; to repeal all laws referring to the 
Military Forces not herein re-enacted, and for Other 
Purposes,” approved August 22, 1905, be, and the 
same is hereby repealed. 

Sec. 8. Be it further enacted by the authority 
aforesaid, That the Governor, besides the authority 
conferred by the laws now of force, is authorized to 
make such regulations as may be necessary for the 
carrying out of this Act, and as may be necessary to 
conform in detail to all the requirements of the War 
Department of the United States, made in pursu¬ 
ance of the Act of Congress entitled: “An Act to Pro¬ 
mote the Efficiency of the Militia, and for Other Pur¬ 
poses,” approved January 21, 1903; provided that all 
appointments of general officers^ of the line shall be 
for a term of five years, and shall be made upon the 
recommendation of the field officers of the line of 
the National Guard, who shall express their prefer¬ 
ence for each vacancy by written ballot, at such 
time and under such rules as the Governor may pre¬ 
scribe. 



212 


APPENDIX. 


Sec. 9. Be it further enacted by the authority 
aforesaid, That this law shall not go into effect until 
the first day of October, 1907; upon which date, and 
thereafter, it shall have all full force and effect as 
other laws of the State. 

Sec. 10. Be it further enacted by the authority 
aforesaid, That nothing in this Act contained shall 
be construed to prohibit the existence and mainte¬ 
nance of military organizations, now or hereafter es¬ 
tablished under the laws of this State applicable to 
its National Guard; which are not subject to the Act 
of Congress entitled: “An Act to Promote the Effi¬ 
ciency of the Militia, and for Other Purposes,” ap¬ 
proved January 21, 1903. 

Sec. 11. Be it further enacted by the authority 
aforesaid, That nothing in this Act contained shall 
be construed as taking away or impairing in any 
manner any corporate or other right or privilege 
now possessed by any military organization under 
existing laws of this State. 

Sec. 12. All laws and parts of laws in conflict with 
provisions of this Act are hereby repealed. 

Approved August 22, 1907. 

By Order of the Governor. 

A. J. Scott, 
Adjutant General. 

Note. —Correct a copy of the Military Code by 
pasting sections of this order over sections thereof 
amended. 



Appendix B. 

STATE OF GEORGIA, 

Adjutant General’s Office. 

Atlanta, September 22, 1905. 
GENERAL ORDERS NO. 8. 

Under the provisions of Sections 46, 47 and 48, of 
the Military Code of Georgia, 1905, and in conformity 
with War Department General Orders No. 55, No¬ 
vember 19, 1903, all applicants for enlistment or re¬ 
enlistment in the National Guard of Georgia will 
furnish to the Recruiting Officer, on a blank to be 
supplied by the State, evidence that he is “able 
bodied, free from disease, of good character and tem¬ 
perate habits, and can read and write.” 

Instructions for guidance of Medical Officers in 
making the physical examination are attached, and 
will be carefully complied with in each case. Men 
over 45 years of age, who have served at least one 
full term of enlistment, and who conform to the other 
requirements, may be re-enlisted upon the approval 
of the Regimental Commander, which shall be en¬ 
dorsed on the application for said re-enlistment. 

By Order of the Governor. 

S. W. Harris, 
Adjutant General. 


214 


APPENDIX. 


CERTIFICATE OF EXAMINING SURGEON. 

• 

Place and date. 

Name .. 

Age.years,.months; weight.lbs. 

Height.feet.inches; figure and general 

appearance . 

Vision.; hearing.. 

Chest and contained organs. 

Expiration.; inspiration. 

mobility...inches; abdomen and contained 

organs .|. 

Genito-urinary apparatus . 

Upper extremities . 

Lower extremities . 

Skin . 

Personal marks . 

Remarks . 



























APPENDIX. 


215 


I certify that I have carefully examined the above 

named man, and that he has.mental or 

physical defect which, according to the official stand¬ 
ards. for the examination of recruits, as modified 
by orders from the War Department, and in con¬ 
formity with the laws and military regulations of 
the State of Georgia, would disqualify him for mili¬ 
tary service in the active militia. 


Examining Surgeon. 

Note. —The “Instructions for the guidance of Medi¬ 
cal Officers in the physical examination of applicants 
for enlistment” will be carefully studied before the 
examination is made. Under “Personal Marks” state 
the principal personal marks for identification. De¬ 
tails of defects noted in physical record to be stated 
under “Remarks.” Also when minor defects are 
waived, state whether they are of a progressive na¬ 
ture, and under what condition of service they are 
likely to become serious. 





216 


APPENDIX. 


INSTRUCTIONS FOR THE GUIDANCE OF MEDI¬ 
CAL OFFICERS IN THE PHYSICAL EXAM¬ 
INATION OF APPLICANTS FOR EN¬ 
LISTMENT IN THE NATIONAL 
GUARD OF GEORGIA. 

I. When an organization has no medical officer 
the medical examination of recruits should be made 
by the medical officer of the nearest organization; in 
case such officer can not be obtained it may be made 
by any one professionally qualified for this duty. 

II. All men desiring to enlist or re-enlist will be 
examined in accordance with the following instruc¬ 
tions and will not be accepted unless they pass the 
medical examination. The medical examination 
papers will be attached to the enlistment papers: 

1. Less height than five feet four inches should 
reject. (Height taken in stocking feet.) 

2. A chest measurement less than thirty-two 
inches at the termination of normal expiration should 
reject. (Chest measurement taken in undershirt.) 

3. A difference between expiration and inspira¬ 
tion of less than two inches should reject. 

4. Weight less than 125 pounds and greater than 
190 pounds, infantry and artillery, and greater than 
1G5, cavalry and light artillery, should reject. 

It is not expected that a literal construction will 
be made of the requirements regulating the weight 




APPENDIX. 


217 


of recruits. An applicant who is muscular and vigor¬ 
ous, and in whom adiposity is not a noticeable fea¬ 
ture, may be a suitable recruit if he be of little less 
weight than 125 pounds. On the other hand, an 
applicant who may comply fully with the require¬ 
ments in this respect is illy fitted' for service if 
general adiposis be a physical characteristic. A re¬ 
cruit of greater weight than 190 pounds may be in 
every way qualified for the service, and whether he 
be or be not thus qualified will depend much more 
on his height, chest, and abdominal circumference as 
compared with his weight than on the mere fact of 
weight alone. It is proper to say, however, that even 
under these circumstances a definite rational limit 
must be established for the guidance and support of 
those medical officers who by reason of inexperience 
and from importunity may recommend for the serv¬ 
ice those who are obviously unfitted for it. 

5. All able-bodied male citizens of the United 
States and able-bodied males of foreign birth who 
have declared their intention to become citizens, who 
are more than 18 years and less than 45 years of 
age, and who are residents of this State, shall, sub¬ 
ject to the examination prescribed in these regula¬ 
tions, be eligible for enlistment in the National Guard 
of this State. 

G. The loss of the sight of an eye should reject. 
Permanent defects of. one or both eyes which impair 
the vision for proper marksmanship, sentry duty, etc., 




218 


APPENDIX. 


should reject. Not only this, hut also severe trach¬ 
oma, entropion, extensive corneal opacities, cataract, 
inordinate strabismus and nystagmus, should reject, 
if unrelieved at time of final examination. However, 
any defect in vision that can be corrected need not 
reject. For duty in the Signal Corps, color-blindness 
should always reject. 

7. A degree of deafness that may prevent the 
proper reception of the countersign should reject. 

In making the examination for this degree of deaf¬ 
ness it is well to remember that transient and reme¬ 
dial causes, such as closure of the eustachian tube, 
cerumenous collections, polypi, etc., may temporarily 
seriously impair the hearing of the recruit. How¬ 
ever, the previous history, together with a critical 
physical examination, will soon disclose the true na¬ 
ture of the trouble. 

8. Defective articulation, that may prevent giving 
proper alarm and the countersign, should reject. 

This condition may be caused by congenital and 
acquired deformities of the soft and hard parts that 
are necessary for proper speech. Hare-lip, fissure, 
and perforation of the hard palate, mutilation, and 
diseases of the tongue, etc., are among the most pro¬ 
nounced of the illustrations of these defects. How¬ 
ever, they need not reject when their bad effects on 
the speech have been remedied by reliable mechani¬ 
cal or surgical expedients. 




APPENDIX. 


219 


9. Chronic rheumatism should reject. 

Any history or evidence of this disease should 
cause final rejection, and the medical officer’s attem 
tion is especially directed to ascertaining if the ap¬ 
plicant has suffered at any time from this affliction. 

10. Repeated attacks of acute articular rheuma¬ 
tism should reject. 

The best interests of the applicant demand his re¬ 
jection if he has ever had an attack of this disease, 
especially if an hereditary influence be present, or 
if the attack has followed the exposures recognized 
as causing rheumatism. 

11. Repeated attacks of sciatica. 

This affliction should reject if it be associated with 
a suspicion of rheumatic or gouty diathesis, or 
has been due to' exposure. If from other causes, 
amenable to medical treatment, and not protracted 
nor recent occurrence, it need not cause immediate 
rejection. 

12. Chronic bronchitis. 

General chronic bronchitis should reject. Chronic 
bronchitis, complicated with asthma or emphysema, 
should reject. Chronic bronchitis, attended with 
feeble respiratory murmur; with a markedly in¬ 
creased expectoration after exposure to cold; with a 
severe cough after unusual exercise, or with cough 
and profuse expectoration on arising, should reject. 




220 


APPENDIX. 


Chronic bronchitis, with evidence of lung consolida¬ 
tion, should reject. 

13. Repeated attacks of pleurisy should reject. 

Repeated attacks of this disease, of whatever form, 
should cause rejection, especially if the chest has 
become deformed or crippled in its movements, or 
if severe pain located there follows continued active 
effort. Hydrothorax and empyema, past or present, 
should reject. 

14. Emphysema. 

If complicated with asthma, with chronic bronchi¬ 
tis, or with well marked chest deformities, it should 
reject. Asthma due to inordinate use of the lungs 
only, need not reject, except it be attended with unu¬ 
sual shortness of breath with moderate exercise. 

15. Asthma. 

Asthma should cause rejection when complicated 
with chronic bronchitis, with emphysema, or with 
suspected heart disease. Asthma due to individual 
susceptibility to various things, as feathers, ipecac, 
etc., need not reject. 

16. Chronic laryngitis. 

Persistent chronic laryngitis should reject, espec¬ 
ially when attended with a severe hoarseness or 
aphonia. The presence of laryngeal symptoms with¬ 
out other assignable causes, should suggest the pos¬ 
sibility of aneurism, tuberculosis, or syphilis. 



APPENDIX. 


221 


17. Tuberculosis. 

Any evidence of this disease in the lungs, joints, 
or other important portions of the body, should re¬ 
ject. Moderately enlarged lymphatic glands need 
not reject except they be increasing in number and 
size. An abnormal increase in temperature, with 
suspected tuberculous disease of any tissue of the 
body should reject. 

18. Disease of bone. 

Caries, necrosis, and other diseases of the bone 
causing pain, or attended with conditions requiring 
special attention to cleanliness, should reject. 

10. Bright’s disease should reject. 

It is proper to say, however, that the fact of the 
presence of albumen and casts in the urine, as shown 
by a single examination, should not be deemed con¬ 
clusive. If, however, albumen and casts be found 
after repeated examinations, the applicant should 
be rejected. 

20. Aneurism. 

That this disease of the large vessels should re¬ 
ject, is self-evident. The attention of the examined 
should be carefully directed to the large vessels of 
the chest and abdomen of each recruit, to avoid the 
enlistment of one thus afflicted. Aneurismalvarix, 
varicose-aneurism, large and exposed aneurism, 
should reject. Small and non-progressive cirsoid, 




222 


APPENDIX. 


and a similar aneurism by anastomosis, need not re¬ 
ject. 

21. Valvular disease of the heart. 

This should cause rejection if either hypertrophy 
or dilatation be present. It should reject if the ef¬ 
forts incident to the requirements of a soldier cause 
unusual shortness of breath, or unusual heart action, 
or if heretofore, the applicant has suffered at times 
from undue shortness of breath, after exercise. If 
the assignable cause for the lesion refer back to a 
remote period, and no secondary consequent evidence 
of disease be present, this condition need not reject. 

22. Persistently painful and prolapsed hemor¬ 
rhoids should reject. 

No applicant should be accepted who suffers from 
this form of affliction. Nor should one be accepted 
who has chronic prolapse of any portion of the rec¬ 
tal structure, or acute prolapse of the same after 
active exercise, or with diarrhoea or other intestinal 
derangement. 

23. Pistula-in-ano should reject. 

24. Hernia, of whatever variety and Where located 
should reject. 

25. Hydrocele. 

A large hydrocele of any variety should cause tem¬ 
porary rejection. If amenable to palliative treatment 
it need not finally reject. 




APPENDIX. 


223 


26. Gastralgia with indigestion and emaciation 
should reject. 

These manifestations of disease should reject, as 
they are quite surely dependent on organic disease, 
and at the best are inconsistent with the physical 
status of a soldier. 

27. Hemoptysis. 

This should reject if it be associated with symp¬ 
toms of lung or heart disease or aneurism. Re¬ 
peated attacks should reject, even though they be 
due to no directly assignable cause. The history 
of a recent attack should cause the suspension of 
judgment to a later period. 

28. Hematemesis. 

This symptom should reject, which associated with 
others indicative of disease of the stomach, liver, 
heart, or other important organs of the abdominal 
or thoracic cavities. If the attacks have been recent 
and the cause obscure, a second application should 
be advised at a somewhat remote period. It will not 
be amiss to inquire if blood has been swallowed 
from any cause prior to the act of blood Vomiting. 

29. Hematuria. 

This symptom of disease should reject, especially 
if of recent date and of repeated occurrence. It 
should not be confounded, however, with loss of 
blood from injury pf the urethra. An affirmative re- 



224 


APPENDIX. 


ply to a careful interrogation as to previous bladder 
and kidney manifestations of disease will almost 
certainly justify the rejection of the applicant. 

30. Cystitis should reject. 

This disease, of whatever form, ought always to 
reject. It is due the applicant, however, to be told 
that he may again present himself, whenever a cure 
shall have been accomplished; this course may save 
him much subsequent suffering. 

31. Persistent jaundice. 

While it is true that marked and prolonged jaun¬ 
dice is sometimes associated with gastro-duodenitis 
and certain other conditions amenable to treatment, 
still no applicant who is suffering from the symptom 
should be recruited, except after the fullest assur¬ 
ance that its existence does not depend on permanent 
structural changes. 

32. Hydroperitoneum should reject. 

This condition should reject in all cases. If a 
doubt exist regarding its presence, the attention of 
the examining officer should be carefully directed 
to the condition of the liver, heart, kidneys, and lym¬ 
phatic glands, with a view of determining whether 
or not it may not be present as a complication in 
disease of these organs. 

33. Varicose veins. 

Varicose veins and other ulcers of the extremities 
which are amenable to palliative treatment should 
cause the suspension of judgment to a later period. 




APPENDIX. 


225 


34. Epilepsy should reject. 

An applicant with a history of convulsions or “fits” 
of any kind should be rejected. 

35. Mental aberration. 

Any manifestations suggesting the belief of present 
or prospective disease of the mind should reject. 

36. Dislocation, spontaneous. 

A recent dislocation of this kind should reject, ex¬ 
cept it he of a joint, the modification of the - func¬ 
tions of which will not incapacitate the soldier for 
duty. 

37. Previous injuries, results of. 

These should reject when of such a nature and so 
located as to impair the fitness of the applicant for 
the requirements of a soldier. 

38. Appendicitis. 

Repeated attacks of this disease should reject. If 
but a single attack has occurred and there be any 
evidence of disease remaining on physical examina¬ 
tion, or occasional pains be experienced suggestive 
of latent trouble, the applicant should be rejected. 

39. Oedema of extremities. 

The presence of oedema of the extremities, if of 
long standing, should reject. If recent and due to 
organic disease or immediate obstruction of vessels 
it should reject. If it should have occurred or he 




226 


APPENDIX. 


present without assignable cause the applicant should 
be rejected. 

40. Headache. 

Severe headache,. persistent or recurring, when 
caused by exposure to* the contingencies incident to 
the requirements of a soldier, or due to rheumatism, 
gout or venerable disease, should reject. 

41. Constipation. 

Constipation need not reject, except it be attended 
with a history of intestinal obstruction. 

42. Flat foot. 

Flat foot should be cause of rejection when of 
market degree. 

43. Hallux valgus. 

This deformity of the great toe, when extreme, or 
when complicated with painful bunion, should reject. 

44. Joint function. 

The permanent impairment, from whatever cause, 
of the functions of a joint or joints essential to the 
proper performance of the requirements of a soldier, 
should reject. A limp with walking should reject. 
Movable bodies in important joints should reject. 

45. Loss of digits. 

The loss of the thumb or any two fingers of a hand 
should reject. A mutilation of the digits or carpus 
that seriously impairs them for the required purposes 




APPENDIX. 


227 


of a soldier, should reject. The loss of a great toe 
should reject. 

4G. Glycosuria. 

The continued presence of sugar in the urine 
should reject. However, it may be present from 
time to time in varying amounts as the result of 
remedial causes, therefore the examiner should ex¬ 
ercise a wise discretion in the rejection of applicants 
for this cause. 

47. Chronic diarrhoea and chronic dysentery 
should reject. 

The applicant with a history of having had either 
of these diseases should be rejected. 

48. Dypsomania. 

Drunkenness, slovenliness, and depravity. Each 
of these should reject. 

49. Vertigo. 

Severe vertigo, at regular intervals, and transient 
irremediable attacks of vertigo should reject. 

50. Modification of motion and sensation. 

Any interruption or continuous modification of the 
functions of motion or sensation which may unfit 
one for the requirements of a soldier should reject. 

These modifications refer to general and local de¬ 
viation from the normal of the muscular and nervous 
systems, including especially chorea, and various 
paralysis of motion and sensation. 



228 


APPENDIX. 


51. Cicatrices. 

An irritable cicatrix, or a large and adherent one, 
should reject, especially when liable to pressure and 
to blows by reason of its exposed position. 

52. Dyspnoea. 

Unusual shortness of breath with moderate exer¬ 
cise should suggest the possibility of organic disease. 
In a degree this may be the result of sedentary habits, 
and of unusual fleshiness; such causes are remediable 
with proper training. Dyspnoea should cause rejec¬ 
tion when due to organic disease and other irreme¬ 
diable causes. 

53. Contagious disease. 

No applicant should be accepted, nor soldier al¬ 
lowed to associate with comrades, who is suffering 
from any disease that may be communicated to 
another by means of agents, requirements, or asso¬ 
ciations common to those who are engaged in mili¬ 
tary service. 

54. Modification of urination. 

No applicant should be accepted who experiences 
difficulty in voiding or holding the urine, or who has 
frequent calls of micturition. The examiner can 
judge somewhat of the prominence of this infirmity 
by the odor and discoloration of the clothes. 

55. Deformity of lower limbs. 

Extreme knock-knee and bowlegs should reject. 
Both are objectionable for obvious reasons; the for- 



APPENDIX. 


229 


mer principally from the fact that inordinate chafing 
is of common occurrence in such cases. 

56. Disfigurements, deformities, etc. 

Any disfigurement or deformity constituting a well- 
marked blemish of soldierly appearance, or local 
disease of deep or superficial character requiring 
constant attention to cleanliness should reject. 

57. There are numerous conditions and diseases 
not mentioned in the foregoing, which should reject 
at once; medical officers will act on the line of in¬ 
quiry designated in a discreet and intelligent manner. 

III. It will happen not infrequently that a man 
with a physical defect who has done excellent service 
will desire to re-enlist. If it should appear that the 
defect alone be the only disqualifying element and 
it be of such a nature as to offer no serious obstacle 
to the fulfillment of the requirements of a soldier, he 
may be re-enlisted, provided that “in all such cases 
the defects, and the. fact that they have existed prior 
to re-enlistment, will be noted on the soldier’s medi¬ 
cal examination paper.” 

IV. Men enlisting as musicians may be passed by 
medical officers, although they may not in height, 
chest measurement, and weight come up to the stand¬ 
ard, provided that such deviation be but slight and 
it is apparent that it will be diminished in a rea¬ 
sonably short time; and provided, further, that the 
men are in all other respects up to the standard and 
perfectly sound. 






















♦ 













p 








INDEX 


Absence: Of officers .125-130 

Application for, how made .130 

From camps of instruction .136 

Inadvertent, through failure of notification .126 

Leave of, granted only by Governor .125 

In special orders .132 

Begins and ends, when .133 

Report to be made on return .134 

Visits to foreign lands, or to other States ....135 

For over 30 days ..130 

Of officer not in command .127 

Commanding .128 

Of regimental or battalion staff officers .129 

One officer to be always with company, etc.131 

Acceptance, of commission: When to be forwarded ...470 
Active duty; Aid to civil authorities while on, Military 
Code, Sect. 14-32. 

Ammunition reserved for use on .575 

Pay while on. for State ..476,484 

Who only to be taken on .480 

Address: Proper mode .of in correspondence .241 

Adjutant: See also Regimental and Battalion Adjutants. 

Adjutant General : Appointed by Governor . 45 

Is Chief of Staff and Acting Paymaster General .. 2 

Rank of .2, 23 

(See also Correspondence, Reports, Returns, etc.) 

Adjutant General’s Department: Authorized .3,4 

Major of, on Brigade Staff . 6 

Administration: Defined .343 

Duty of Commanding Officer, in .278 

Company Commanders, in . 341-364 

Promptness, not procrastination, needed for .279 

Proper method of treating enlisted men .280-1 

Affidavits: See also Surveys of Property. 

Couched in general terms are worthless.545 

From whom obtained .546 

Should state what.545 

Separate sets for each kind of property.547 

Who submits primarily .544 

Aides-de-Camp: Of Governor, authorized. 2 

For Brigade Commandpr. ^6 

No examination required of. 70 




































232 


INDEX. 


Rank and number of. 2 

Selected, appointed and commissioned, bow. 47 

Ammunition : For pistol practice firing, allowance 

for .598 

Reserve required for active duty.575 

Restrictions as to use of.631 

Small Arms Practice, allowance for.585-8 

Applications for Enlistment: By whom made out.144 

Disposition finally made of.158 

Filled in by examing Surgeon.144 

How signed.146 

Appointments of: Adjutant and Quartermaster General. 45 

Aides-de-Camp of Governor. 47 

Battalion Staff Officers. 49 

Company officers. 49 

Non-commissioned officers 


181, 186, 189, 192, 196, 254-7, 372 


Clerk .•.358 

Cooks, musicians, etc.356, 383 

Field and Staff, regimental and Battalion.. 49 

General Officers, line. 48 

Staff Officers. 48 

Non-commissioned staff officers.193-4 

Armories: Conduct while in.209 

Inspection of, by whom to be allowed.387 

On duty while in.207 

Property to be kept, always in.388 

Who has control of.208, 387 


Armory Rent Allowance.380 91 

Arms and Accoutrements: Always to be ready for use., 36 

Care and cleaning of.363, 364. 424, 567 74 

List of arsenal numbers to be made and retained.. 517 

Arrest and Confinement: Arrest, meaning of.266 

Breach of arrest.266 

Limits of arrest. 266 

Should be placed in, when, and when released. .. .265 

When men may be placed in confinement.208-9 

Who may place men in arrest or confinement.267 

Who may place officers in arrest. t .257 

Articles of War: Found in U. S. Army Regulations, 


Court-Martial Manual, etc. 

Duties of officers under 23rd and 24th. 39 

Non-commissioned officers.198 

Officers may assume command under 24th and 122nd 28 
Artillery : See Coast Artillery Corps, and Field Artillerv 
Engineer, rank of, C. A. C. 13 






































INDEX. 


233 


Assistant Inspectors of Small Arms Practice: See In¬ 


spector S. A. P. 

Surgeons : See Surgeons. 

Authority, Military: How exercised.205 

Ballots for Elections: Cancelled, when and how dis¬ 
posed of .61-3 

More than one may be submitted. .... 60 

Not to be received after close of election. 66 

Printed forms for, furnished.53, 54, 60, 63 

Printed or written must be used. 67 

When to be destroyed. 67 

Bands, Military: Composition of.7, 10 

Commanded by. 31 

Subject to orders and regulations.385 

Who makes enlistments for.141 

Battalion: Meaning of word in these regulations.30 

Composition of.7, 8, 10, 11, 13 

Medical department attached to. 18 

Who commands. 29 

Battalion Adjutant: Duties of.307 

May command band. 31 

Rank of.8, 11, 13 

See also Regimental Adjutant. 

Battalion Quartermaster-Commissary: Rank of. .8, 11, 13 

May command band. 31 

Special duties of.298. 302. 303. 308 

Battalion Sergeant-Major: Rank of..8, 11, 13, 14, 23, 24 
Duties of.333 


See also Regimental Sergeant-Major. 
Battery. Field Artillery : See Field Artillery. 
Blacksmiths and Farriers: See Farriers. 
Boards: See examining and Retiring Boards. 


Boatswains Mates: Rank of. Naval Militia. 24 

Bonds, for Accountable Officers: Amounts of. 531 

Officers under.531-5 

Personal, may be accepted. 532 

Submitted when.535 

Brigade of Infantry: Commanded by. 29 

Medical department attached to. 18 

Organization of. 6 

Staff of. consists of. 6 

Brigadier General : Relative rank of. 23 

Of line, how appointed. 40 

By-Laws: Of organizations. 20 

Camp: Arranged for in advance.636, 647 

Administration, while in.661-9 

Cleanliness, while in.653 

Latrines to be promptly established.651 










































234 


INDEX. 


Pitching tents for.652 

Reports on, to be submitted.670 

Sanitation of. 654-60 

To be enforced by all commanding officers. .. .659 

Sites for, how selected.648 

To be avoided if possible.649 

Use of water available in.650 

Candidates for Commission : Certificate as to good char¬ 
acter .•.. 78 

Certificate as to physical fitness.74, 77 

Desiring extension of time for examination . 97 

Failure to report for examination. 96 

Professional efficiency examination.79, 93 

When and where to report for examination. 72 

Who must be examined. 70 


See also Company Commander. 

Cavalry: Organization of.10, 11, 12 

Chaplains: No examinations required for. 70 

Rank of..7, 10, 13 

Rank, but no command. 41 

Special duties of.323-9 

Charges, for Trial: How prepared.270 

Investigated before trial.271 

May be preferred by any commissioned officer.270 

Chief of Aides-de-Camp : Rank of. .. 2 

Chief Musician: Rank of.7, 10, 23, 24 

Special duties of.338 

See also Non-commissioned Staff. 

Chief of Ordnance: Quartermaster General acts as. 2 

Chief of Staff: Adjutant General is. 2 

Cleaning Arms &c. : See Care of Property.558-74. 660 

Coast Artillery Corps: Organization of.13, 14 

Colors, National and Regimental: How saluted.236 

Color Sergeants: Rank of.7, 10, 23, 24 

Duties of.340 

See also Non-commissioned Staff. 


See also Commanding Officer. 

Command: Appropriate to grade. 29 

Assigned to, when. 28 

Officers of General Staff, by Governor.4. 24 

Exercised by virtue of office or assignment. 28 

Officer temporarily in. 33 

Succeeding to. 34 

Who falls into. 35 

In, responsible for discipline, property, &c. 36 












































INDEX. 


235 


Instruction of subordinates. 37 

Right to, when not in uniform. 32 

Commanding Officer: Definition of. 35 

Duties of.37, 1GG, 256, 257, 259-63 

Special duties of .278-82 

Responsible for. performance of duty by subordinates 

37, 278 

Care of property .530 

ALL COMMANDING OFFICERS MUST BE THOROUGHLY 
FAMILIAR WITH ALL PARAGRAPHS OF 
THESE REGULATIONS. 

Commissary General: Quartermaster General acts as... 2 

Commissary Officers: Major on Brigade Staff. 6 

See also Regimental Commissary, Battalion Quarter¬ 
master Commissary, &c. 


Commissioned Officers: See Officers. 

Company Clerk.358-9 

Company: Meaning of word in these Regulations.. 30 

Composition and organization of.9, 14. 17 

Company Commander: Duties of.341-64 

Company Quartermaster Sergeant: Duties of....... .379-80 

See also Non-comissioned officers. 

Complaint: How and when to be made.204 

Confinement: See Arrest and. 

Cooks.7. 9, 10, 12, 14, 15, 17 

How appointed and reduced.383 

If not enlisted, colored cooks employed.384 

Corporals.7, 9, 10, 12, 14, 15, 17 

Special duties of.382 

See also Non-commissioned officers. 

Corps, Signal: Organization of.3, 4, 17 

Major of, on Brigade Staff. 6 

Corps, of engineers: Organization of.3, 4 

Major of, on Brigade Staff. 6 

Correspondence : Military.446-475 

By whom conducted.461 

Communications to be forwarded promptly.451 

Endorsements must show approval, disapproval, &c.45l 

Endorsements on, how made.452 

Envelope to be marked “official”.459 

Forms for addressing.459 

Signing .460 

How filed away.449 

How must be folded and briefed.448 

How signatures must be made.457 

Of examining boards, how conducted. 98 

Officers, how referred to in.453 






































236 


INDEX. 


Official not to be treated as personal.210, 454 

Letter to refer to one subject only.446 

Paper, kind to be used for .44< 

Printed letter heads, forms for.450 

Sent through military channels.454, 462 

When said to “forwarded” and when “transmitted”. 456 
With Governor to be through Adjutant General... .458 
Correspondence Book, and Document Kile : How kept... 411 

Courtesies, Military: At receptions.239 

Details of.213-244 

Necessity for.213 

When several officers are together.242 

See also Salutes, Visits, &c. 

Courts-Martial: Authorized for the State.249 

Constitution and procedure of.250 

Expenses of, how authorized .259, 260 

Officers of general staff not eligible for duty on...264 

Record of proceedings, how made.272 

Sentences of, published in Special Orders.263 

See also General, Regimental, Garrison and Sum¬ 


mary Courts-Martial. 

Coxswain: Naval Militia, rank of. 24 

Death, of member of National Guard: Rumors of, to be 

investigated and report made.123 

To be reported to commander by any member learning 

ing of.124 

See Deceased Officers or Enlisted Men. 

Deceased Officers: See Death. 

Property account to be closed.179 

Shortage to be submitted for Survey.180 

Deceased Enlisted Men : See Death. 

Property account to be closed up.179 

Rumor to be investigated and reported on.178 

Shortage to be submitted for Survey.180 

Departments, General Staff: Organization and Duties.. 3 

Discharge: Of officers.102-107 

Dishonorable, by sentence of general court-martial only. 107 

For “good of the service”.103, 104 

Honorable.103-104 

Published in orders, and date of.107 

Discharge of Enlisted Men.161-171 

Application for, how made, and when .163, 165 

Causes for.161, 166 

Certificates of. how furnished .166 

Commanding Officers, regimental and battalion, re¬ 
sponsible for .166 

For physical disability, when granted.164 

“Good of service,” when.164 





































INDEX. 


237 


Men not to be dropped from returns till discharged. .170 
See also Discharge Certificates. 

Discharge Certificates: Delivered to whom, and how. 176, 178 

Dishonorable, how made out.168 

Disposition of, if not delivered to person.177 

In case of death, how made and delivered.178 

Prepared in advance of expiration of service.173 

By whom.174 

Should he carefully preserved, why .162 

When “for good of service”.173 

Who signs, and when.162, 172, 175 

Dishonorable Discharge: Only by sentence of general 

court-martial .168 

See Discharge, and Discharge Certificates. 

Discipline, Military.200-48 

Best index of, is manner of rendering courtesies... .202 

Breach of, definition of.200 

Courtesy indispensable to.201 

Definition of.200 

Familiarity between officers and men not permitted.203 

Not to be made personal matter.203, 210 

Respect not confined to occasion of duty.201 

Subordinates to obey strictly .204 

Tyrannical or capricious treatment prohibited.206 

What is considered “on duty”...207 

Who controls armories.208 

See also Courtesies, Salutes, Courts-martial, &e, 
Discussions, between military men : 

Conveying praise or censure, are prohibited.210 

Drill : How best taught in companies.353 

For examining boards, how provided.80-81 

Drill Report Book: Is kept when.403-4 

Made out how.409-10 

Drinking, of water on the march: Excessive, is pro¬ 
hibited .644 

Drum Major: Rank and special duties of.7, 10, 331, 337 

See also Non-commissioned Staff. 

Duty: What is considered “on duty”.207 

Duties: Devolve on successor.. 33 

Strict performance is required.oVo'olo 

Special of various grades. 278-38H 

Election of officers: For Battalions, companies. 49 

Field officers.49, 55, 59 

In case of vacancy only.•• 5b 

Ordered by the Governor, when..• • bp, 5b 

Returns of, by whom furnished and how disposed of. 57 
In manuscript not to be used . 69 








































238 


INDEX. 


Time set for, when . 64 

Upon receipt of order, what is done. 58 

Election Managers: Announce close of election. 60 

Ballots to be received by... .59, 60, 61, 66 

Which only to be counted. :. . 61 

Designated or selected by whom. 58 

Number of.. 65 

Who may act as. 65 

Electricians: Coast Artillery Corps. 13 

Endorsements: How made.452 

See also Correspondence. 

Engineer C. A. C. : Number of. 13 

Engineer Officer: Major on Brigade Staff. 6 

Engineers, Corps of: See Corps of Engineers. 


Disposition of .158, 469 

Filled out by Surgeon, how.144 

Returned to recruiting officer, how.147 

Name, how entered on... .145 

Enlisted Men: Authorized number of. in organizations. .7, 18 

Maximum and minimum number of.154, 156 

Transfers not authorized.160 

See also Discharges, Enlistments, Transfers, Re¬ 
tirement, etc. 

Enlistments: Application for.154 

Date set for making, no special to be.153 

Dated how.148 

Disqualifications for.140 

Made by whom.141 

Must be legal and proper.147, 149 

Physical examination for.144, 145, 146 

Prior service to be recorded.150 

Qualifications necessary to.. 139 

Ensigns: Naval Militia, relative rank of. 24 

Examing Boards, for officers.70-101 

Appointed by Governor. 71 

Certificates to be furnished to.74. 78. 82 

, Composition of.71, 89-92, 95 

Drill before. 80 

Expense not to be incurred without authority. 99 

For captains and lieutenants . 90 

Field officers, line or staff. 89 

Medical officers. 92 

Naval Militia officers. 91 

Members of, when retired.100 

Oaths of members. 73 

Proceedings of, how conducted. 75 

Recommendations of . .-...77-78, 84-86 














































INDEX. 


239 


Record of proceedings, how made. 87 

Special, when ordered.93, 94 

Values to be given to questions and answers. 83 

See also Examinations of Officers. 

Examinations of Officers: In what cases held, and when 70 

Drill, as part of. 80 

Final action upon, by Governor.. 87 

Headings under which required. 76 

Moral character, certificate to, &c. 78 

None required, when. 70 

Number and kind of questions in. 83 

Per cent required for passing. 84 

Physical condition, how ascertained. 77 

Place at which held. 72 

Professional efficiency,' how determined. 79 

Scope of.191 

Time for, how set. <2 

Limits of, for . 88 

Waiver of, how made.•. 88 

Written, how conducted. 82 

See also Examining Boards. 

Expense: Authority to be granted by the Ad.it. Gen., 

when.99, 259, 260 

Expendable property.548 

Expiration of term of service: takes effect when.1<1 

Expiration of time limit for examination. 96 

Familiarity : Between officers and enlisted men, when pro¬ 
hibited ..203 

Farriers and Blacksmiths: Number to cavalry troop.... 12 

Field Artillery: Battery composed of. 15 

Medical Department attached to. 18 

Field Music: Definition of and duties.386 

Field Officers: Elected . 49 

Duties of, as commanding officers.2 <8 

Election of, how ordered. 5o 

Examined, how. 89 

See also Appointments, Discharges, Examina¬ 
tions, &c. 

Field Service: Annual requirement as to.632 

Should be encouraged in all organizations.633 

See also Marching, Camping, &c. 

Files: Document File.411, 4la 

Of Orders, &c. 412 

Fines and Forfeitures: Collection of, how made.2i4 

Noted on Indiv. Record Sheet ..27 < 

Disposition of.275-6 

Firemen: Of C. A. C., number of.. ..• • To 

First Class Privates: Hospital and Signal Corps. ... 17-18 









































240 


INDEX. 


First Class Sergeants: Hospital Corps.18, 336 

Relative rank of.23-4 

Signal Corps. 17 

First Lieutenants: Rank of .8-18, 23-4 

See also Officers, &c. 

First Sergeants: Rank of.9-15, 23-4 

Appointed and reduced, how.191 

Book, how kept.434 

No special warrant for. 191 

Special duties of.374-8 

Flag: How saluted .235 

When raised and lowered at military post.235 

Forwarded: Definition of term .456 

Garbage: In camps.656, 658 

Garrison Courts-Martial: See also Courts-Martial, General 
Courts-Martial, &c. 

Authorized for State.249 

Cases to be referred to.254 

Constitution and procedure of.250 

Convened by whom.249, 257, 258 

Oaths for use by.251 

Powers of.252, 255 

Punishments which may be given by.253 

Sentences of, how published .263 

General Courts-Martial: See also Courts-Martial. 

Authorized for State.249 

Cases to be tried by.254 

Constitution and procedure of.250 

Convened by order of Governor only.249 

Dishonorable discharge given only by order of 

106, 168, 253 

Oaths for use by.251 

Officers may be tried only by.79th Article of War. 

Powers of, in this State.252, 255 

Punishing power of.253 

Record of proceedings, how made, where filed, &C..272 

Sentences of, how published.263 

General Staff, Officers of: Duties assigned by Governor. 4 

Nominated for appointment, how. 48 

Placed in command only by order of Governor. 41 

See also Officers, &c. 

General officers : of the line : Authorized. 3 

How nominated. 46 

Method of election. 53 

Period for which appointed. 46 


See also Commanding Officer, Officers, &c. 
Government: Of companies means and includes what..342 







































INDEX. 


241 


Governor: Commander-in-Chief of all State troops 
Sec. 8, Military Code. 

Military Staff of.1, 2 

Prescribes number, grades and duties of General Staff 4 
Grades, of Military Rank: Conform to Regular Army... 4 
Definition of... 21 


Guard Report Book : When and how made out and kept 

403, 407, 669 

Gunners, for Coast Artillery. 13 

For Naval Militia. 24 

Hold-over Classifications in Small Arms Practice.605 

Honorable Discharge : At expiration of term of service. 162 

For physical disability. .164 

Premature, not to be given ordinarily.167 

Honor Graduates: Of Military schools: Addresses re¬ 
ported .137 

Hospital Corps: Authorized.3, 4 

Composition of. 18 

Hospital Steward: Of Naval Militia, rank of. 24 

Impersonating Enlisted men: By civilians, is prohibited. 157 

Officers permitting, how punishable...157 

Officers, prohibited.Sec. 84, Military Code. 

Inactive members, of organization : 

Discharges to be procured for.166 


Individual Record Sheets : 

Accompanies application for discharge. 

Articles of property, how entered on. 

Changes in, how noted. 

Collection of court-martial fines, noted on.. 

Court-martial data to be entered on. 

Disposition made of..... 

Of discharge certificate noted on. 

Eventual disposition of. 

Extreme importance of. 

For men promoted to general staff. 

Given to applicant for enlistment . 

How filed, in organization..... 

Keeper of, signs discharge certificates. 

Name, how entered on....; . 

Of officer resigning. 

One for each officer and enlisted man. 

Previous service to be entered upon. 

Property account on, to show what articles. 

Signed by whom. 

Who makes and keeps.... 

Indoors: Definition of, for purposes of saluting 
Men should ordinarily be uncovered. 


.163 

424, 522 

.427 

.277 

.265 

.159 

.176 

.422 

.422 

.197 

.144 

.416 

.162 

.146 

.110 

.417 

.150 

.423 

.144 

. .418-21 

.229 

.231 







































242 


INDEX. 


Officers, not saluted by passers-by ..225 

Salute consists in uncovering, unless armed.230 

Infantry Battalion: Consists of .: 8 

Brigade: Consists of. 0 

Company: Consists of . 0 

Regiment: Consists of. 7 

Insignia: Badges of military societies, &c.500-1 

Of Naval Militia, described .505 

Of Rank of officers to be known by all.504 

Service badges, how worn.498 

Target practice, to be worn when and how....499, 503 

Unauthorized, not to be worn. .••••" .502 

Inspection: Of property.362 

Of rifles, &c. 363 

Inspector General’s Department: Authorized.3, 4 

Inspector General, who is the. 2 

Inspector of Small Arms Practice : Assistants authorized 

7, 8, 10, 11 

Chief, who is. 6 

Duties of.615-19 

Duties of Asst. Inspectors.615-19 

Interviews, for publication: When prohibited.212 

Joint Encampments: Pay while participating in ..485-7 

Who is to be taken to, only.487 

Judge Advocate General’s Department: Grades, duties, 

&c.3, 4. 6 

Legal proceedings: If necessary, punishment for.112 

Lieutenants: See First (and Second) Lieutenants. 

Duties of, in companies.352,365-71 

Examining boards for. 90 

Of Naval Militia, rank of. 24 

Lieutenant-Commander: Of Naval Militia, rank of.... 24 

Lieutenant-Colonel: Rank. &c...7, 10, 24 

Managers, for elections : See Election Managers. 

Major: Rank, &c.6, 8, 11, 13, 18, 23, 24 

Is battalion commander. 29 

Master At Arms: Naval Militia. 24 

Electrician: Coast Artillery Corps. 13 

.Gunner: Coast Artillery Corps. 13 

Marching: Basis of all field operations.634 

Drinking of water while.644 

Forced marches to be avoided.646 

How to lessen fatigue while.637 

No honors paid while.645 

Officer to arrange for camp site in advance.636 

Position of company commander while.643 

Rate of, for various arms.638-40 










































INDEX. 


243 


Route step used in.641 

Straggling prohibited .642 

To relieve hardships, how.635 

Marking of Public Property.576-9 

Mechanics: Field Artillery. 15 

Coast Artillery. 14 

Medical Department: Composition of.3, 4, 6, 18 

Medical Officers: Duties of.3, 10-22 

Of Naval Militia. 5 

Military Bands : See Bands. Military. 

Military Rank: Definition of. 21 

Grades of. 23 

How held. 22 

How determined. ^3 

Relative, how determined . 27 

Military Staff of Governor. 2 

Militia, The Organized : See Organized Militia. 

Naval : See Naval Militia. , , 

Minimum enlisted strength: Of organizations.154-6 

Moral fitness for commission.76, 78, 79 

Money Accountability: Armory rent allowance.586-91 

Copy of fund account forwarded to Adjutant Gen¬ 
eral .583 

Funds of organizations, how cared for.583 

State not responsible for debts of organizations. .. .582 
Military fund disbursed by Adjutant General. . 581 

Special pay members.585 

TJ. S. funds disbursed by State Disbursing Officer..580 
Morning Report: When and How kept.403. 406, 668 


Musicians : See also Chief Musician, Principal Musician, 


&c. 

Authorized.7, 9, 10, 12, 14, 15, 

National Air: See Star Spangled Banner. 

Respect paid to.234-5 

National Guard: Part of organized militia. 1 

Consists of. 3 

Naval Militia: As a battalion of National Guard. 5 

Examining Boards for..91-2 

Part of organized militia of State. 1 

See also Petty and Warrant Officers. 

Nominations: Full names to be given in making. 51 

Non-commissioned Officers: Appointed in Special Orders. 196 

Appointment and reduction of for companies.354-7, 372 

For unassigned companies.192 

Recommended by whom.181, 189 

Who makes, for companies.189 

Authority of.1^ 

Duties of, in companies.3(3 






































244 


INDEX. 


Entitled to respect and obedience.187 

How selected.18G 

Must be efficient.187 

Not to be reproved in public.188 

Qualifications for appointment.186 

Responsibility for instruction of.199 

Warrants for .190, 195 

See also Corporals, Non-Commissioned Staff, Ser¬ 
geants, &c. 

Non-commissioned Staff Officers: Appointed by whom. 193-4 

Enlisted by whom.141 

Reduced, may be assigned to companies.193 

Oaths: Of enlistment.151 

Of examining boards.,. 73 

Of office, taken before whom. 44 

When forwarded to Adjutant General.470 

Obedience: Definition of.282 

Officers, commissioned: Appointed and commissioned, 

how. 42 

Absences of .125-136 

Arriving at Capitol, must register.138 

Death of (Deceased).123-4 

Discharge of.102-7 

In temporary command.34-6 

Oaths of office of.*. 44 

Personal reports of.137-8 

Persons eligible for commission. 43 

Number and grades of, on Gen. Staff. 4 

To regiments.7, 10 

On active list, rank dates from. 26 

Relative rank of.23-4 

How determined . 27 

<, Retirement of. . . 116-22 

Retiring boards for.113-15 

Under bond.531-5 

Uniform to be worn on duty. 32 

See also various gradps Commanding Officer, &o. 

Officers, Warrant and Petty, of Naval Militia.. 25 

Orders: Addressed to whom.438 

Copies furnished to whom.441-443 

Definition of.435 

Executed by whom.438 

General, defined.436 

How transmitted. 439 

Made “official” how. 445 

Must be carefully preserved.440 

Illegal defined. 282 

Of companies, &c, how designated.442 














































INDEX. 


245 


How formulated.444 

Officers, how referred to in.453 

Special, how defined.437 

“True copy” made huw.445 

Ordnance Department: Authorized..3, 4 

Major on Brigade Staff. 6 

Ordnance Officer; Coast Artillery Corps. 13 

Organizations, Military : Not to leave station without au¬ 
thority . 19 

Organized Militia; Consists of. 1 

Outdoors: Defined for purposes of saluting.228 

Pay, of Officers and Men: At joint encampment.485-6 

Deductions from, for lost property.4.83, 491 

For over 15 days continuous service, State.479 

Transportation, &c.484 

Mounted duty.481 

Of Naval Militia, rates of.477 

One day’s, definition of.478 

Rate of, for State service.476 

When and how delivered.491 

When not entitled to.482 

Who is entitled to.480 

Pay Department: Authorized. 3 

Paymaster General: 

Duties performed by Adjutant General. 2 

Pay members of organizations : Authorized.585 

Payment: See Pay, also. 553 

Pay Rolls: When and how made—under whose super¬ 
vision .488-90 

Passes: In camp.664 

Personal: Official matters not to be made.210 

Salutes, when omitted.225 

Reports, of officers, &c.137 

Performance of Duties: Commanding Officer responsible 

for.36, 37, 40, 278 

Under 23rd and 24th Articles of War. 39 

Petty Officers: Of Naval Militia.23, 24, 25, 195 

Physical Condition: Certificate as to.74, 76-7 

By whom made, for recruits .145 

Pistol Firing: Course in.620-4 

Polls ; for Election: How long open. 64 

Previous (or prior) Service: Consideration given to.... 85 

Statement of, for use of examining boards. 74 

Prinicpal Musician: Rank and duties of..7, 10. 23. 24, 339 
Privates: Numbers authorized. .. .7, 10, 12. 14. 15. 17. 18 
See also Enlisted Men, First Class Privates, &c. 









































246 


INDEX. 


Proceedings: Approved by convening authority.87, 263, 272 


Of examining board: Public, when. 75 

Record, how made, who signs, &c. 87 

Separate in each case.87 

Of Courts-martial.250-2, 263, 272-3 

Promotion: To non-commissioned staff. 197 

Property, Public : Account of, on Individual Record Sheet 

, 423-4, 427, 522 

Accountability, definition of.506 

How and when removed.508, 542-3 

Accountable officer : May issue, when and to whom.515 

Not issue, when.516 

By whom receipted for.426 

Care of ..-.364, 379-82, 388, 558-63 

Arms and equipments .567-74 

Check to be made of, how and when.382, 528-9 

Field ranges, utensils, &c.564-5 

Duty of officer on first receiving.510-12 

On first opening a package.513 

Expendable .548 

Issues to Field, Staff, N. C. Staff and Band .534 

Provisional companies.520 

Officers and men as personal equipment.520-6 

Loss of, how punishable.364, 524, 528-9. 553 

Marking of. method. . . ...576-9 

Must be taken up on returns.517 

Not to be altered, loaned, &c.514 

Payment for lost.528-9. 553 

Present equipment, how marked....525-6 

Quartermasters issuing, to notify Adjutant, when. . . .425 

Requisitions for.549-51 

Reserve ammunition to be kept for riot duty .573 

Responsibility for: Not transferable to enlisted men.527 

Of temporary commanders .518-19 

Provisional organization commanders.520 

Precautions to be taken.519 

Not removed until when.508, 542-3 

Selling, losing through neglect, &c.364 

Transferring .552 

Used for military purposes only.517 

Use of, precautions in.554-7 

Publications: As to military affairs, when prohibited.210-11 

May be authorized by Governor.210-11 

Punishment: Should be administered promptly. .205 

See also : Courts-martial. 

Punishing Power : See Courts-martial. 

Quartermaster: Of Naval Militia, rank. 24 









































INDEX. 


247 


Quartermaster-Commissary: Rank of.8, 11, 13 

Special duties of..29S, 308 

See also Regimental Quartermaster, Regimental 
Commissary. 

Quartermaster’s Department: Authorized - .3, 4 

Major of, on Brigade Staff. G 

Quartermaster General : Acts as Commissary General and 

Chief of Ordnance . 2 

Appointed by Governor. 45 

Rank of.2. 23 

Quartermaster Sergeants: Company, Special duties of.379-80 
Company* Appointed and reduced by company com¬ 
mander ‘ ...- .191 

No special warrant for. ...190 

Rank of, various.7, 8, 9. 10, 11. 12 13 14 15 

Relative rank of..23-4 

Quarters, of organization: Men usually uncovered in..231 

Salutes, to officers entering. 232 

To officer leaving... . 232 

Under arms and without arms in hand.230 

Tents and company streets are, in camp.233 

Rank. Military: Definition of. 21 

Dates from, on active list... 2 ,! 

On Retired list. 120 

Determined how. 23 

Grades of..21, 23 

Held by virtue of office. 22 

In service of U. S. when. 23 

Relative, how’ determined. 27 

Rank and Precedence: Of officers.21-7 

Of Troops....U. S. Army Regulations. 1908, Par. G 

Records: Are official, not personal....39G 

Errors in. corrected by whom. 390 

For Naval Militia, same so far as applicable.394 

Instruction in making, responsibility for.391 

Knowledge of making, all officers required to have.391 

Dist of. those to be kept bv organizations.398-9 

Made under supervision of whom ... . ^ .392 

Making and keeping, instructions for.405-11 

Of staff officers and offices. 400-1 

Printed instructions to be followed in making. ... 405 

Propertv of the State, they are ..-389 

Responsibility for safe keeping of .395 

Signer responsible for correctness of.393 

To be kept in field desk ordinarily.•.397 

Unofficial, to be kept for historical purposes.402 

Used at camps. &c.40., 

Home station. -404 









































248 


INDEX. 


Record of Enlistments: How made.429-33 

Object of.428 

Where filed.416, 433 

Recruiting: See Recruiting Officer. 

Recruiting Officer: Duties of.142, 144, 146-50 

Who is the.141 

Re-enlistment: Previous (Prior) Service noted in case of. 150 

Qualifications for...143, 150 

Regiment: Consists of.7, 10 

Medical department attached to. ;... 18 

Regimental Adjutant: Rank and special duties of 

7, 10, 283-92 

Commander, elected by whom. 49 

Election ordered bv Governor. 55 

Recommends staff for appointment.50. 51 

Commissary: Rank and special duties of.7, 10, 299-303 
Sergeant: Rank and duties....7. 10. 23, 24, 334 

Appointed and reduced by whom.193 

Courts-Martial : Authorized.249 

Cases to be referred to.254, 256 

Convened by whom.249 

Constitution and procedure of.250 

Oaths for use by.251 

Powers of.252. 255 

Punishing power of.253 

Sentence, how approved and published.263 


Inspector of Small Arms Practice, Rank & duties 

7. 10. 304-6 

Quartermaster: Rank and special duties of.7. 10, 293-8 
Sergeant: Rank and special duties of 

7. 10, 23, 24, 234 


Anpointed and reduced by whom.193 

Sergeant Major :Rank and duties of 7, 10, 23, 24. 330-2 

Appointed and reduced by whom.193 

Relative Rank : How determined, where published. 27 

Of officers and non-commissioned officers. National 

Guard. 23 

Naval Militia. 24 

Religious Services: To be held by Chaplains.327 

Reports: Annual, when and how made.463 

Of Small Arms Practice.465-6. 607-11, 623, 627 

Copies of, to be retained for reference.472 

Of funds, to be made monthly.583 

Required, are to be forwarded promptly.471 

Special, when and by whom made.464. 670 

Requisitions: For property needed.549-51 

Reserve Ammunition: To be kept on hand for riot duty.575 





































INDEX. 


249 


Resignation: Accepted for good of the service.109 

Not effective tiil accepted.108 

Of officers, bonded or accountable.Ill 

Not bonded.llo 

Under charges.109 

To be tendered in writing.108 

Responsibility: See Property Responsibility. 

Retirement: Application for, must show what.183 

How made. ..118 

Dischai’ge furnished for.184 

Eligibility for.11G, 182 

Rank, on retired list, how determined.117 

Roll of retired enlisted men.181 

Retired list: Part of Organized Militia. 1 

Retired Enlisted Men: Rights and privileges of.185 

Roll for each organization.181 

Who may be placed on.182-4 

Officers: Commissioned rank of.117 

Commissions how dated.120 

Duties for which available.122 

No examination for commission.119 

Privileges of.121 

Retiring Boards : Appointed by Governor.113 

Composition of. 114 

Powers of.104, 113, 114 

Proceedings of.114 

Time for meeting of.115 

Returns: Accountable officers to submit final.473 

Annual, when submitted.474 

Copies to be retained .472 

Of bands and companies, submitted when.468 

Quarterly submitted, how and when .467 

What to be carried on.475 

When property is to be dropped from, only.475 

Returns of Elections: Disposition made of . 68 

Forms for, how furnished and used. 57 

Manuscript forms not to be used. 69 

Separate for field and company officers. 69 

Roll-Calls at Encampments: Officers to attend .361 

Saddlers: For cavalry troop. 12 

Salutes: At a halt, when.217 

At end of an interview with superior.218 

Civil authorities entitled to.238 

For officers entitled to.237 

If mounted, first dismount .216, 227 

Not repeated if officer remains in vicinity.221 

On fatigue duty, when .224 

















































250 


INDEX. 


March, personal salutes only.217 

Present arms given by sentinels only.220 

Prisoners not entitled to privilege of giving...... 222 

Rifle, given by individuals while marching.220 

Troops in trenches do not render.223 

To colors, uncased. 236 

Flag, at post or camps.230 

National Air, courtesy paid to.235 

To be always acknowledged by person saluted .... 220 

When execution of begins .214, 210 

With hand, how given.210 

Without arms.1.215 

Under arms, how given.215 

Upon being addressed. 218 

Second Lieutenants: Rank and special :luties of 

9, 12, 14, 17, 23, 21, 365-71 

See also Officers, &c. 

Sergeants: Rank and special duties of 

n O 1 O 11 1 PC 1 *7 IQ OO O I 9Q1 


See also Non-commissioned Officers. &c. 

Sergeant Major : Rank and special duties of 

7, 8, 10, 11, 13, 23, 24, 194, 330-3 
See also Non-commissioned Staff, &c. 


Sick Report Book: How and when kept.403, 408, G69 

Signal Corps: Authorized.3, 4, 16 

Company of, consists of. 17 

Major of, on Brigade Staff . 6 

Who makes enlistments for.141 

Small Arms Practice: Ammunition allowance for....595-8 

Ammunition allowance for pistol firing.598 

Chief Inspector of.595, 613, 614, 617, 619 

Consolidated reports of.613 

Duties of Assistant Inspectors of .615-19 

Exempted from firing, who ate.594 

Indoor ITactice .625-31 

Outdoor Practice.592-624 

Pistol course in.620-4 

Required to fire in, who are.593 

Restrictions in use of ammunition.631 

Scores of Field, Staff, N. C. Staff, &c.612 

Special Course “C” to be followed.592 

Special regulations for.595-605 

State reports of.,.614 

Special Boards: See Examining Boards. 

Special Pay Members: Of organizations. ....585 

Squadron, of cavalry: Composition of. 11 

Considered as a “battalion” in regulations. 30 

Medical department attached to. 18 







































INDEX. 


251 


Stable Sergeant: Of Field Artillery. 15 

Staff, Military: Adjutant General is Chief of.. 2 

Brigade, consists of. G 

Of Governor, consists of.1, 2 

Officers of Battalion, how appointed.50, 52 

General, how appointed. 48 

Regimental, how appointed. 50 

Recommendations for, how made. 51 

Staff Departments : Duties, number, and grades of officers 

Of . 4 

Officers, how appointed. 48 

Not to command troops unless specially assigned 

by Governor.. 41 

Star Spangled Banner : Is National Air, and is saluted, 

how .234 

Foreign National Airs also saluted.234 

Played at lowering of flag at post or camp, how 

saluted .235 


Statement of Service: Furnished to examining board.. 74 


In application for retirement of enlisted men.183 

Sub-Post: Definition of, &c .257-8 

Subdivisions of Organized Militia of State. 1 


Subordinates : Not to be injured or ill-treated by supe¬ 


riors .20G 

To be sustained in exercise of their authority . . . . 3GO 

Required to perform duty strictly.37, 278 

Subordination of Military to Civil authority.245-8 

Subsistence Department: Auhorized, &c.3, 4 

Major of, on Brigade Staff . G 

Summary Courts-Martial: Authorized.240 

Attendance at trial by, how obtained.• ...262 

Cases to be referred to for trial. ....254, 261 

Constitution and procedure of .250 

Disposition of Record Book for.272-3 

Oaths for use of.251 

Powers of..252-3, 255 

Trial officer for, at each station.2G1 

Sentences of, how published.263 

Who is authorized to convene.249, 257-8 

Surgeons : Number and duties of.... 18 

Of regiments, how appointed. 50 

On Brigade Staff, Major. t> 

See also Medical Officers, Physical Examina¬ 
tions, &c. 

Surgeon General: Acts as, who... 18 

Supervises Medical officers of Naval Militia. 5 








































252 


INDEX. 


Surveys of Property: Causes for.• ••• * "- 

Investigation as to reason for, by accountable officer.540 

Made by Survey Officer.541 

Necessary when.•5p£ 

Of unserviceable or obsolete property..o38-9 

See also Affidavits, Property, &c. 

Targets, and supplies: For Small Arms Practice.606 

Temporary duty : Assignment to, made by whom. 3S 

Officer on, responsible for care of property. 34 

Efficiency of command.36, 37 

See also Property, &c. 

Transfers: Of enlisted men not authorized.160 

Property, when authorized.552 

Transmitted: Definition of term .456 

Troop: Cavalry, composition of. 12 

Included under term “company” in regulations .... 30 

Trumpeters: For Cavalry.10, 12 

Uniform: As for Army and Navy of U. S.492 

Badges of military societies may be worn with, 

when .500-1 

Hats and caps, how worn.497 

Hair and Beard, how worn.496 

Insignia of rank to be known by all.504 

For Naval Militia, described .505 

Medals, &c., to be worn how, .and when.499-500 

Must be provided by officer, when.494 

Saber worn at receptions .240 

Service badges, how worn.498 

Shoes, kind to be used, and how kept.495 

Target practice insignia, when and how worn..499, 503 

To be worn when on duty.32, 493 

Unauthorized badges, &c., not to be worn with..502-3 

Urinals: To be provided in camps .657 

Visits: Of courtesy.243-4 

To other States and foreign countries, report on.. 135 
Voting: See Ballots, Elections, Election Managers, &c. 

Vouchers: Retained, how to be filed.415 

See also Property, and Returns. 

Waiting List: Authorized and encouraged, for organiza¬ 
tions .155-6 

Warrants: For non-commissioned officers.190-2, 195 

Warrant Officers: Of Naval Militia.25, 19f 

Water: Use of, for drinking, on march.64 

Written Examinations .82- 

Yeoman: Of Naval Militia. 2- 


H 33 83 "•* 































































